Author: OmD

The principles of circuit protection technology, rooted deeply in the fundamentals of physics, have become indispensable to the field of Electrical Engineering.

From safeguarding sensitive equipment against voltage spikes and overloads to ensuring the stability of entire industrial systems, circuit protection forms the backbone of modern electrical infrastructure.

As industries become increasingly automated and interconnected, the need for reliable device protection grows more critical.

For aspiring electrical engineers, mastering these principles is not just a theoretical necessity but a practical imperative. Essential for designing resilient systems, these technologies prevent catastrophic failures and drive innovation across sectors.

Understanding the Fundamentals of Circuit Protection

Circuit protection technology is fundamentally about ensuring the safe and uninterrupted operation of electrical systems by preventing damage caused by abnormal conditions such as overcurrent, short circuits, and voltage surges.

Overcurrent occurs when the flow of electric current exceeds the circuit’s designed limits, potentially leading to overheating or fire hazards. Short circuits, caused by unintended contact between conductors, can result in sudden spikes of current that severely damage components.

Surge protection devices, on the other hand, shield systems from transient voltage spikes often triggered by lightning or switching operations.

These aspects form the crux of Electrical Engineering when we venture into the risky landscape of shielding industrial devices with effective and efficient circuit protection techniques.

Types of Circuit Protection Devices and Their Applications

A wide range of circuit protection technology is employed across electrical systems to mitigate faults and enhance operational safety.

Fuses are among the simplest and most cost-effective options, designed to melt and break the circuit when current exceeds safe levels.

Circuit breakers, unlike fuses, can be reset after tripping and are widely used in residential, commercial, and industrial settings for protecting against both overloads and short circuits.

Relays serve as electrically operated switches that can isolate faults and control high-power circuits using low-power signals, making them essential in automation and control systems.

Surge protectors are crucial in safeguarding sensitive electronics against transient voltage spikes, particularly in communication systems and buildings susceptible to lightning strikes, depending on the system’s voltage range, sensitivity, and functional requirements.

Industry-Wise Applications: From Healthcare to Heavy Engineering

Circuit protection technologies for specific sectors and reliability needs come with their own set of operational risks and regulatory demands.

In the healthcare sector, where precision and uninterrupted power are crucial, sensitive medical equipment, such as MRI machines and ventilators, relies on advanced surge protectors and circuit breakers to prevent malfunctions and ensure patient safety.

Data centres and telecommunications infrastructure deploy layered protection systems to safeguard against power fluctuations that could result in data loss or network downtime.

In manufacturing and heavy engineering, robust circuit protection technology is vital for securing high-power machinery and automated systems from overloads and electrical faults, thereby minimising costly downtime and equipment damage.

Even in renewable energy sectors, such as solar and wind, protective relays and fault current limiters play a key role in maintaining grid stability.

Future Trends and Innovations in Circuit Protection Technology

As industries embrace digital transformation, circuit protection technologies are evolving from passive protection to intelligent prevention.

Smart breakers equipped with real-time monitoring and remote-control capabilities are revolutionising how faults are detected and addressed, allowing for predictive maintenance and reduced downtime.

The integration of IoT-enabled safety systems offers enhanced data analytics, enabling engineers to track electrical anomalies, respond to threats proactively, and optimise load management across complex networks.

Solid-state protection devices, which utilise semiconductor technology instead of mechanical components, offer ultra-fast response times and enhanced reliability, particularly in sensitive applications such as aerospace, data centres, and renewable energy systems.

At OmDayal Group of Institutions, we recognise that a deep understanding of circuit protection technology is vital for shaping the next generation of competent and safety-conscious electrical engineers.

As electrical systems grow more complex and industries demand smarter, more resilient infrastructure, equipping students with practical knowledge of protection devices, system design, and fault analysis becomes essential.

By integrating these crucial concepts into our Electrical Engineering curriculum, we aim to prepare our students not just to meet industry standards but to lead innovations that power safer and more sustainable futures.

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In the fascinating world of Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning stands out as one of the most transformative technologies; and at its very core lies mathematics.

From processing large volumes of data to training intelligent models, matrix operation for ML is decoded through linear algebra to make sense of complex patterns.

Every image recognised, every prediction made, and every decision generated by an algorithm is, in essence, the result of algebraic equations working behind the scenes.

Matrices and vectors are the fundamental tools that help represent datasets, perform computations, and structure the flow of information within neural networks.

These networks, no matter how intricate, are built upon layers of mathematical operations with algebra as the very foundation of such huge dataset operations.

Matrix Operations in Machine Learning, and Why They Are Important?

In matrix operation for ML, real-world data like images, texts, or numerical entries is first converted into numerical formats, often organised as vectors and matrices.

These matrices enable algorithms to perform large-scale computations in a structured and parallel manner.

For example, a dot product helps measure the similarity between data points, while eigenvalues and eigenvectors are crucial in understanding the directions of maximum variance in the data. They are used in dimensionality reduction techniques like Principal Component Analysis (PCA).

Singular Value Decomposition (SVD) is another powerful tool that breaks down complex matrices to extract meaningful patterns.

These operations enable machine learning models to compress data, identify relationships, and learn from neural matrices.

Linear Algebra Simplifies Data Representation & Feature Extraction

Raw data is often messy, unstructured, and hard to interpret. Linear algebra, with geometric interpretation of vectors and matrices helps visualise data points and effective pattern recognition.

Each data point, whether it’s an image pixel, a word in a sentence, or a user rating, can be encoded as a vector.

When many such data points are combined, they form a MATRIX – a structured grid of values that can be easily manipulated. The matrix operation in ML not only helps in storing data but also in transforming it for better understanding and performance.

For example, through matrix multiplication and projections, we can reduce high-dimensional data into lower dimensions while preserving essential features — a process known as feature extraction.

This dimensionality reduction simplifies the learning task for models, enhancing both speed and accuracy.

Matrix Multiplication and Activation Layers Forming the Neural Network

Matrix multiplication lies at the heart of every neural network, enabling us to learn, adapt, and make data predictions.

Each layer in a neural network receives an input often a vector or a matrix, which is multiplied by a weight matrix and then adjusted with a bias vector. Thus, matrix operation for ML helps the network combine and weigh different input features.

However, to capture complex and non-linear patterns in data, a non-linear activation function (like ReLU, sigmoid, or tanh) is applied to the result.

This combination of linear transformations (through matrices) and non-linear activation enables neural networks to approximate intricate functions and solve tasks ranging from image recognition to natural language processing.

As data flows forward through these layers — a process known as forward propagation; the network gradually learns how to map inputs to desired outputs by adjusting weights and biases through training.

Gradients and Jacobians of Model Training in Matrix Operation for ML

During model training in deep learning, the goal is to minimise the error between the predicted output and the actual result — and this is achieved through a process called optimisation.

Central to this process are gradients and Jacobians, both rooted in linear algebra and calculus.

Gradients, which are essentially vectors of partial derivatives, indicate the direction and rate of change of the loss function concerning each parameter (weight or bias) in the model. The model learns to adjust its parameters to minimise errors through a process known as gradient descent.

In more complex networks involving multiple inputs and outputs, Jacobian matrices help track how changes in input variables simultaneously influence multiple outputs. Matrix operation for ML enables efficient backpropagation — the algorithm that updates all weights layer by layer.

At OmDayal Group of Institutions, we firmly believe that a firm grasp of linear algebra is essential for any student aspiring to excel in matrix operation for ML.

As neural networks grow more complex and data-driven solutions become the norm, it is the algebraic foundations that empower us to understand, build and optimise intelligent systems with confidence.

Through a curriculum that blends theory with hands-on application, we encourage our learners with the mathematical tools needed to navigate AI and evolve in machine learning through meaningful innovation.

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Over the past two decades, the roadmap of biomedical engineering has travelled through the development of advanced diagnostic tools, therapeutic systems, and life-saving medical devices.

In the early 2000s, radiation therapy relied heavily on 2D imaging and conventional linear accelerators, offering limited precision in tumour targeting. Today, with the integration of AI, 3D image-guided systems, and real-time adaptive radiation therapy, treatments are more targeted, effective, and personalised.

Similarly, the approach to medical physics has shifted from basic dose calculations to advanced computational models and predictive analytics that optimise patient safety and treatment outcomes.

The engineers are combining the principles of biology and radiation therapy to improve healthcare, making it better, smarter and more affordable.

Bridging Biology and Technology: The Foundations of Biomedical Engineering

Institutions across the globe are now introducing specialised undergraduate and postgraduate programs in biomedical engineering, reflecting the growing demand for professionals who can bridge the gap between biology and technology.

Biomedicine stands at the intersection of biology, medicine and engineering to solve medical challenges, ranging from designing prosthetic limbs and artificial organs to developing diagnostic devices and rehabilitation equipment.

The foundation of this field lies in combining anatomical knowledge with technical proficiency, enabling engineers to create tools that improve accuracy of diagnosis and effectiveness of treatment.

For instance, the development of biosensors that can detect glucose levels, cardiac markers, or pathogens has revolutionised point-of-care testing.

Devices, Diagnostics & Medical Equipment Innovations in Biomedical Engineering

From sophisticated imaging machines like MRI and CT scanners to wearable health monitors and minimally invasive surgical instruments, their innovations have drastically improved patient outcomes and clinical efficiency.

For example, advancements in digital stethoscopes and portable ECG devices have made early detection of cardiovascular issues more accessible, especially in rural and remote areas.

Moreover, smart infusion pumps, robotic surgical systems, and AI-assisted diagnostic platforms are reshaping how clinicians deliver care with greater precision and personalisation. The global medical device market, valued at over USD 570 billion in 2022, is projected to surpass USD 850 billion by 2030, reflecting the accelerating pace of innovation in this sector.

Biomedical engineers not only contribute to this growth through design and research but also ensure regulatory compliance, safety testing, and clinical integration of these life-enhancing technologies.

Inside the Imaging Room: Role of Biomedical Engineers in Radiology & Diagnostics

As imaging becomes more personalised and predictive, students entering this field will find opportunities not just in hospitals but also in R&D, equipment manufacturing, and regulatory roles that support the future of non-invasive diagnostics.

From developing high-resolution MRI machines to enhancing the safety and efficiency of CT scanners and digital X-ray systems, biomedical engineers ensure that imaging technologies remain precise, patient-friendly, and diagnostically reliable.

Their role spans equipment design, calibration, safety checks, image processing algorithms, and even integration with AI for faster and more accurate interpretations.

For example, the introduction of 3 Tesla MRI machines has dramatically improved image clarity for neurological and musculoskeletal scans. At the same time, low-dose CT scanners now reduce radiation exposure by up to 60%, making screening safer.

Biomedical engineers also contribute to the development of hybrid systems like PET-CT and SPECT-CT, which combine structural and functional imaging to aid early diagnosis of cancer, heart disease, and neurological conditions.

Emerging Roles and Opportunities in the Field of Biomedical Engineering

Beyond the traditional lab or hospital setting, biomedicine comes with a wide range of career opportunities.

Graduates can pursue roles as medical technologists, clinical engineers, R&D specialists, medical imaging analysts or regulatory affairs experts in both public and private sectors.

With the global biomedical market projected to reach over USD 45 billion by 2032, there’s a growing demand for professionals skilled in wearable technology, AI in diagnostics, prosthetics design, and biomedical data analysis.

In hospitals, biomedical engineers ensure that life-saving equipment, from ventilators to dialysis machines, runs safely and efficiently. In research and development, they work on cutting-edge innovations, such as biocompatible implants, tissue engineering, and personalised drug delivery systems.

Additionally, roles in healthcare start-ups, regulatory bodies, and Medical Technician consulting offer dynamic pathways for those inclined toward entrepreneurship, policy or interdisciplinary collaboration.

At OmDayal Group of Institutions, we consider biomedical engineering a necessity in today’s technology-driven healthcare environment.

As the field continues to evolve with breakthroughs in diagnostics, medical devices and patient care, we are committed to nurturing professionals who will contribute meaningfully to the development of accessible and innovative healthcare solutions for all.

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As students delving into the evolving world of data science and mathematics, we find ourselves at the crossroads of innovation and real-world impact.

With every click, transaction, or social interaction, massive volumes of data are being generated — in banks, public sector systems, multinational companies, and even everyday apps. Managing and interpreting this bulk data is no longer a choice but a necessity.

That’s where data science comes in, blending mathematical concepts, computing techniques, and analytical reasoning to make sense of the chaos. From fraud detection in finance to demand forecasting in logistics, the applications are vast and constantly expanding.

As future data scientists, we are not just learning about algorithms; we are exploring how this field shapes decision-making, streamlines systems, and adapts to the growing demand for smarter, faster, and more ethical solutions in the digital age.

From Raw Data to Meaningful Patterns: Data Mining and Data Interpretation

The ability to transform raw, unstructured data into actionable insights is a vital skill in data science. The process of data mining involves exploring large datasets to discover hidden patterns, correlations and trends using statistical models. Machine learning algorithms and database systems are operated following the key steps like data cleaning, integration, selection and pattern evaluation.

Once these patterns are uncovered, data interpretation helps make sense of them in a real-world context — allowing professionals to draw conclusions, support decisions, or predict future outcomes. Whether it’s customer behaviour analysis in e-commerce, credit risk detection in banking, or forecasting in public health, data science and mathematics turn massive volumes of information into meaningful, strategic knowledge.

For students, understanding these processes not only builds analytical thinking but also opens doors to practical applications across industries.

Data Science and Mathematics Powering Modern AI

Mathematics forms the backbone of data science and artificial intelligence, providing the language and structure needed to understand, model, and solve complex problems.

Concepts from linear algebra, calculus, probability, and statistics are deeply embedded in every layer of machine learning and data analysis. For instance, matrices and vectors (from linear algebra) help represent large datasets and power operations in neural networks.

Calculus enables optimisation techniques like gradient descent, which help algorithms learn from data; while probability and statistics are essential for making predictions, handling uncertainties, and drawing conclusions from noisy datasets. These mathematical tools are not just theoretical — they guide how algorithms are built, how models are trained, and how data is interpreted in real time.

For students, data science and mathematics built a strong foundation to understand AI and apply them effectively across various sectors — from automating financial decisions to building smarter healthcare solutions.

Emerging Trends in Data Science: AI Ethics, AutoML and Beyond

AI ethics addresses the moral implications of data-driven technologies — focusing on fairness, transparency, accountability, and the prevention of algorithmic bias.

In an age where AI influences everything from job screening to criminal justice systems, ethical considerations are essential to ensure trust and social responsibility. On the other hand, AutoML (Automated Machine Learning) simplifies the process of building machine learning models by automating tasks like feature selection, model tuning, and validation — making powerful tools accessible even to those without deep technical expertise.

Beyond these, the field is rapidly advancing toward Edge AI (running AI models on local devices), Explainable AI (making model decisions more interpretable), and the integration of quantum computing in data analysis. For students, staying informed about these developments means staying prepared for a future where data science and mathematics solve problems responsibly, efficiently, and at scale.

Data science and mathematics are reshaping the world of artificial intelligence and online data mining, making it an invincible aspect of modern studies. As technological advancements are unlocking new possibilities across industries, our students at OmDayal Group of Institutions are gaining a strong foundation in data science.

We believe in empowering brilliant minds, not just as learners, but as future innovators. With evolving tools and ethical awareness, we are preparing to shape a smarter, data-informed tomorrow.

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In the era of rapid urbanisation and climate consciousness, the focus has shifted toward building designs that are not only structurally efficient but also environmentally responsive.

Smart building materials lie at the heart of this architectural revolution, making the structures more energy-efficient, resilient, and weather-resistant. Advanced substances engineered to respond to environmental stimuli, such as heat, pressure, moisture, and light, have become indispensable in the global architectural scenario.

From self-healing concrete to thermochromic glass and shape memory alloys, these smart materials in high-rise construction are redefining possibilities.

As cities grow vertically, let us learn how the integration of smart materials into architectural design is becoming a cornerstone of sustainable development.

How Smart Materials in High-Rise Construction Have Evolved over the Years

Over the past two decades, significant advancements in material science have introduced a new generation of smart materials engineered to sense and react to external stimuli.

For instance, self-healing concrete, developed in the early 2000s, incorporates bacteria or chemical agents that automatically seal cracks when exposed to moisture, extending the lifespan of structures.

Similarly, electrochromic glass, which can adjust its transparency in response to sunlight exposure, has been increasingly adopted in skyscrapers to regulate indoor temperatures and reduce energy consumption.

Initially, traditional building materials such as concrete, steel, and glass dominated the skyline, valued for their strength and durability. However, the integration of shape-memory alloys, phase-change materials, and photovoltaic surfaces in façades and structural elements demonstrates how smart materials have evolved from niche innovations to essential tools in modern high-rise construction.

However, the integration of shape-memory alloys, phase-change materials, and photovoltaic surfaces in façades and structural elements demonstrates how smart materials have evolved from niche innovations to essential tools in modern high-rise construction.

Adaptive Facades & Responsive Structures Transforming Urban Design

As students or aspiring architects, you must have seen world-famous structures like the Al Bahar Towers in Abu Dhabi or the Allianz Arena in Munich. As youngsters, you have a lot of scope and prospects to study the incorporation of smart materials in high-rise construction.

While the former is built with kinetic facades or geometry-shifting screens to adjust to various degrees of solar exposure, the latter is an example of smart sensors and cloud-based analytics to manage field conditions and lighting favourable for sports architecture.

The Edge in Amsterdam is often referred to as the smartest building. It utilises a blend of thermochromic glass and intelligent lighting systems, much like The Crystal, London, where smart glazing, automated ventilation, and advanced water recycling are eye-catching features.

An LEED Platinum-certified building is the Glumac of Shanghai, featuring indoor air quality monitoring and smart ventilation. In contrast, the DPR Construction Headquarters in San Francisco is a net-zero energy building with electrochromic windows and self-compacting concrete.

Shape Memory Alloys, Self-Healing Concretes Building a Flexible Future

The quest to create long-lasting, climate-resilient buildings has led to the development of smart materials in high-rise construction, such as Shape Memory Alloys (SMAs) and Self-Healing Concretes.

SMAs can return to their original shape after deformation, making them ideal for high-rise structures in seismic zones. Self-healing concretes are embedded with bacteria or healing agents that activate in the presence of moisture, allowing them to repair cracks and faults autonomously.

Beyond these, the architectural world is also exploring the potential of Graphene, a single layer of carbon atoms known for its exceptional strength, conductivity, and thermal properties.

Materials like Poly-Lactic Acid (PLA) — a biodegradable polymer derived from renewable resources are being studied for their applications in sustainable construction, particularly in 3D printing components and temporary structures.

Smart materials in high-rise construction are not only transforming the way we build, but they’re also reshaping the future of sustainable urban living.

At OmDayal Group of Institutions, empowering future architects and engineers with knowledge of these innovations is key to creating resilient, efficient, and climate-conscious structures.

By integrating emerging technologies into our academic framework, we are preparing students to design the skylines of tomorrow — where intelligence, adaptability, and sustainability go hand in hand.

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India is undergoing a significant energy transition; aiming to achieve 500 GW of non-fossil fuel capacity by 2030 and reach net-zero carbon emissions by 2070.

With solar, wind, biomass and hydropower leading the charge, the nation is reimagining its power generation landscape.

In this dynamic scenario, engineering education must evolve to stay relevant. Integrating renewable energy in engineering courses ensures that students are not just passive learners but active contributors to the clean energy revolution.

Here, we are equipping future engineers with the knowledge, tools and skills to innovate in the green energy space, shaping a more sustainable and energy-secure future.

Curriculum Innovations Imbibing Renewable Energy in Engineering Courses

As engineering education aligns with India’s clean‑energy ambitions, colleges across the nation are weaving renewable energy in engineering courses.

In electrical engineering, students are being trained in areas such as smart grids, power-quality management, and the integration of renewables into the grid, providing them with exposure to the complexities of modern energy systems.

Mechanical engineering programs now include topics on solar photovoltaic and thermal systems, as well as emerging technologies like wind turbines, hydrogen fuel cells, and biomass energy.

Architecture and civil engineering courses are embracing sustainable design principles, integrating modules on energy-efficient construction, passive solar design, and green building certifications.

Interdisciplinary programs are also gaining momentum, combining elements of power electronics, electric mobility, energy storage, and micro-grid technology.

Labs, Projects and Industry Collaborations in Renewable Tech

Renewable energy in engineering courses are opening new doors for the globally advanced arena encompassing every discipline in the sphere.

In sensible and responsible minds, we strive to bridge theory with practice, emphasising hands-on learning through renewable energy labs, live projects, and industry collaborations.

Many top colleges now house dedicated Renewable Energy Research Labs, where students work on testing solar panel efficiency, conducting wind tunnel experiments, and simulating battery storage.

Initiatives such as the Ministry of New and Renewable Energy’s (MNRE) Solar Energy Training Program and collaborations under the Unnat Bharat Abhiyan enable students to engage in real-time rural electrification projects using solar microgrids.

Internships with industry leaders such as Tata Power Solar, ReNew Power, and Adani Green Energy provide exposure to large-scale solar and wind installations, as well as energy forecasting and grid management. Student-led projects, like building low-cost solar water heaters or developing IoT-enabled energy monitoring systems, further enhance innovation and problem-solving skills.

Career Pathways and Start-Up Potential in Green Energy

The integration of renewable energy in engineering courses is opening up a broad spectrum of career opportunities in sustainable technology, energy innovation, and green entrepreneurship.

In India, there is a growing demand for professionals skilled in solar engineering, wind energy systems, energy auditing, electric mobility and smart grid management. Top firms are increasingly absorbing students trained in these domains.

At the same time, the start-up ecosystem is witnessing a surge in energy-focused ventures, including EV infrastructure, AI-powered energy management, sustainable battery technology, and decentralised solar solutions.

Government-backed initiatives, such as Startup India and the International Solar Alliance, are also offering funding and incubation support to green innovators.

Renewable energy is no longer a niche subject—it’s the foundation of a sustainable future. At OmDayal Group of Institutions, we are committed to integrating this vital discipline across engineering and architecture education, preparing students to thrive in a rapidly evolving energy landscape.

Through innovation-driven curriculum, practical learning and strong industry connection, we are shaping future engineers and architects of the future — poised to power India’s energy transition and contribute meaningfully to a greener, cleaner world.

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Generative AI is no longer just a buzzword; it is a powerful force driving innovation across tech, design, and communication.

Whether it’s creating human-like conversations, designing visuals from text prompts, or composing original music, generative models are pushing the boundaries of what machines can do. These advancements are not only impressive but also practical, with real-world applications unfolding at a faster pace than ever.

Powered by deep learning techniques and massive datasets, generative AI tools such as ChatGPT, DALL·E, and Stable Diffusion are now at the forefront of innovation across various industries.

For students stepping into the world of Computer Science with a focus on AI and Machine Learning, understanding the workings and potential of generative models isn’t just exciting — it’s essential for building the future.

Models that Learn and Create like Humans

Generative AI models are built on the idea of teaching machines not just to analyse data but to generate new and meaningful content, much like how humans learn and create.

At the core of technology are models such as the Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs), which utilise neural networks comprising a generator and a discriminator. These two neural portals compete with each other to produce increasingly realistic outputs.

Variational Auto-Encoders (VAEs) take a more structured approach, learning to encode data into a compressed form and then decode it to create variations that retain core features. Meanwhile, transformer-based architectures, such as those behind GPT and other large language models, rely on attention mechanisms to comprehend context, sequence, and relationships within data — enabling them to generate coherent text, images, or even code.

Art to Algorithms: Real-World Applications of Generative AI

From text generation and image creation to music composition and drug discovery, generative AI is rapidly transforming the way industries operate and innovate.

In the creative world, tools like DALL·E and Midjourney are empowering designers to generate visuals from simple text prompts, while musicians are utilising AI to compose melodies or enhance their production. In content and communication, language models like ChatGPT are being used for writing, customer service, translation, and tutoring.

The gaming industry is leveraging AI to auto-generate environments, characters, and storylines, drastically reducing development time. Beyond the arts, generative models are making breakthroughs in healthcare — notably in drug discovery, where they help predict molecular structures and accelerate the creation of new treatments.

Generative AI is Being Poised as the Game-Changer in the Field of Engineering

From designing advanced materials and simulating complex systems to automating software development and optimising manufacturing processes, its applications are vast and growing.

For students pursuing a degree in Computer Science with a specialisation in AI and ML, this opens up a broad spectrum of career opportunities — including roles like AI research engineer, data scientist, prompt engineer, machine learning architect, and more. According to industry reports, demand for AI professionals is projected to grow by over 35% annually in the coming years.

Academic institutions that offer focused programs in AI/ML equip students with the theoretical foundations and practical skills necessary to thrive in this rapidly evolving landscape.

Generative AI is redefining creativity, problem-solving, and innovation across every sector — from design and communication to healthcare and engineering. At OmDayal Group of Institutions, we are equipping our students with the knowledge, tools, and mindset needed to explore and excel in this dynamic field of AI and Machine Learning.

We aim to nurture not just coders but future thinkers who can shape technology with purpose. With hands-on learning and future-focused guidance, we are building a generation ready to lead in the age of intelligent machines.

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Modern rural and urban infrastructure is powered by a seamless coordination between Architecture and Civil Engineering. These two disciplines, often viewed in isolation, are now intricately connected and work together to transform bold visions into concrete realities.

Architecture infuses projects with creativity, human-centric design, and visual identity, while civil engineering brings structural integrity, technical precision, and long-term sustainability. From towering river dams that control vast water systems to mighty bridges that connect regions, from expansive highways and skywalks that redefine urban mobility to flyovers that ease traffic in densely populated cities — every modern marvel is a result of this potent blend.

Consider the cutting-edge design of airports, the architectural elegance of ports, or the precision behind superfast train networks; each stands as a testament to how these two fields are collectively shaping the future landscapes.

Design Meets Durability: How Aesthetic Vision is Engineered into Reality

Behind every striking structure lies a story of creativity combining scientific expertise through architecture and civil engineering.

While architects envision the form, functionality, and experience of a space, civil engineers work to ensure that this vision can stand the test of time, weather, and load. The planning phase often begins with both teams working in tandem, balancing the beauty of a curved façade with the physics of load distribution or integrating natural light while maintaining thermal efficiency.

Materials are chosen for appearance, strength, sustainability, and site-specific factors like soil type or seismic zones. Take the Burj Khalifa, for example. Architects conceived its iconic tapering design, but its realisation demanded advanced structural engineering, including high-performance concrete and a hexagonal core to ensure stability against wind forces.

Whether sculpting a cultural museum or erecting a high-speed rail terminal, the seamless integration of design and durability ensures that aesthetic ambition is never compromised by structural reality.

Sustainable Structures: A Blueprint by Architecture and Civil Engineering

As the demand for smart, connected, and eco-conscious urban environments grows, infrastructure development has accelerated like never before.

From energy-efficient high-rises and climate-responsive metro stations to intelligently networked bridges and green-certified airports, tomorrow’s landscape is being built at a remarkable speed. This rapid progress begins long before construction, with architects and civil engineers co-developing detailed blueprints that blend design innovation with functional excellence.

Digital tools like Building Information Modelling (BIM) allow teams to simulate energy usage, optimise space, and pre-empt structural challenges before the first stone is laid. Sustainability is embedded at every level, from using recycled materials and solar panels to designing natural ventilation systems and smart water management. For example, the Hyderabad Metro Rail, one of India’s most advanced transit systems, was designed sustainably, featuring solar-powered stations and minimal land disruption.

Architecture and civil engineering unite to shape every resilient, advanced project across the globe, turning urban dreams into resilient, future-ready realities.

From Sketch to Skyline: The Workflow of Integrated Project Delivery

Creating iconic structures, be it a gravity-defying skyscraper, a sprawling airport, or an intricately designed cultural centre, demands a workflow where architecture and civil engineering collaborate seamlessly at every phase.

This process, known as Integrated Project Delivery (IPD), ensures that every handoff, from creative sketching to final construction, is coordinated, cost-efficient, and technically sound.

As the design evolves, both disciplines use advanced tools like BIM to simulate, revise, and perfect every detail — from structural load paths to HVAC systems.

Conceptualisation & Visioning
↓ (Architecture-led with engineering consultation)

Feasibility Analysis & Site Study
↓ (Engineering-led with architectural input)

Schematic Design Development
↓ (Joint effort – Architects shape form; Engineers ensure feasibility)

Detailed Design & Simulation (BIM Integration)
↓ (Equal collaboration – Structural, MEP, and aesthetic detailing)

Material Selection & Budgeting
↓ (Engineering-led with architectural coordination)

Construction Planning & Scheduling
↓ (Engineering-led; architectural supervision for design fidelity)

Execution & Construction
↓ (Engineering-driven; architects oversee design integrity)

Quality Checks, Sustainability Audits & Handover
↓ (Joint responsibility – Engineers for compliance; Architects for finish and design)

Post-Construction Evaluation & Maintenance Planning
(Engineering-led; architectural input for long-term space use)

Blending the Best of Both Worlds: OmDayal Group of Institutions

The philosophy that prepares students at OmDayal Group of Institutions enables them to think holistically, collaborate effectively, and build responsibly. Our architecture and civil engineering courses (see our scholarship schemes) are more than just academic, fostering an environment where design innovation meets engineering precision. We prepare the students with skills to shape skylines, solve real-world challenges, and contribute meaningfully to the built environment.

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Climate change, rapid urbanisation and resource depletion are serious issues that pose serious threats to modern space planning and evolving infrastructure. Architecture at the intersection of creativity and functionality is crucial in shaping a sustainable future.

A course like B. Arch in Sustainable Design equips students with the knowledge and skills to create buildings and spaces that are energy-efficient, environmentally conscious, and socially responsive. This blog explores the evolving landscape of sustainable architecture and the diverse career pathways it opens up for future-ready architects.

The Growing Relevance of Sustainable Architecture in India and Beyond

In India, where buildings account for nearly 40% of total energy consumption, sustainability in architecture is no longer optional; it is essential. Precisely why a B. Arch in sustainable design brings innovative construction planning ideas with the sensible use of building materials.

Government initiatives like Smart Cities Mission, Energy Conservation Building Code (ECBC), and GRIHA (Green Rating for Integrated Habitat Assessment) are pushing for greener, energy-efficient structures across public and private sectors.

Internationally, LEED (Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design) certifications are becoming standard benchmarks for eco-friendly construction. Cities like Pune, Surat, and Indore are embracing smart, sustainable infrastructure, while globally, projects such as Singapore’s Punggol Eco-Town and Germany’s Vauban district offer blueprints for carbon-neutral living.

Core Skills and Technologies Shaping Careers after B. Arch in Sustainable Designs

A successful career in sustainable architecture requires a solid foundation in ecological sensitivity and technological proficiency.

Students must first understand passive design principles – strategies that optimise natural ventilation, daylighting, and thermal comfort to reduce a building’s energy demands. Equally important is integrating renewable energy systems like solar panels, wind turbines, and geothermal heating into architectural plans.

Familiarity with sustainable and low-impact materials, including recycled, local, and rapidly renewable resources, is vital for reducing a building’s carbon footprint. On the technical side, mastering digital tools is crucial.

Building Information Modelling (BIM) enables architects to design, simulate, and manage projects more efficiently while tracking energy use and material quantities.

Tools such as EnergyPlus, DesignBuilder, and IES VE are all part of our B. Arch in sustainable design, aspects that allow students to conduct energy simulations and evaluate building performance before construction even begins.

Moreover, understanding Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) helps architects make informed decisions about materials and construction methods by evaluating the environmental impact over a building’s lifespan.

Career Avenues and Higher Education Opportunities in Sustainable Design

B. Arch in Sustainable Design opens doors to many impactful and future-forward career paths. Graduates can pursue roles such as Green Building Consultant, where they help clients design structures that meet sustainability certifications like LEED, GRIHA, or WELL.

Others may become Environmental Planners, working closely with governments and private developers to create ecologically balanced land-use plans. The role of an Urban Sustainability Specialist is gaining traction in smart city projects, focusing on integrating green mobility, efficient resource management, and climate-resilient infrastructure. Opportunities also exist in energy auditing, sustainable materials research, and environmental impact assessment consulting.

For students looking to deepen their expertise, numerous postgraduate programs are available both in India and abroad. In India, institutes like CEPT University, NID Ahmedabad, and TERI School of Advanced Studies offer specialised master’s degrees in Sustainable Architecture, Urban Ecology, or Environmental Planning. Internationally, universities such as the University of California, Berkeley, TU Delft (Netherlands), and the University of Melbourne offer world-renowned Sustainable Design, Environmental Architecture, and Green Urbanism programs.

Additionally, industry-recognised certifications such as LEED Accreditation, EDGE Expert Certification, and GRIHA Evaluator Training can boost employability and expand global career prospects. With sustainability at the core of global development, students specialising in this field are well-positioned to shape a greener, brighter future.

OmDayal Group of Institutions: Building Fresh Minds to Shape Skylines of Future

At OmDayal Group of Institutions, we believe sustainable design is not just a subject but a responsibility. Our B. Arch in sustainable design program is rooted in innovation, environmental consciousness, and practical learning, equipping students to become architects who design buildings and shape a better, greener future.

By nurturing fresh minds with a forward-thinking curriculum, hands-on experience, and exposure to global best practices, we empower the next generation to lead the way in sustainable architecture and urban transformation. The future of our skylines starts here.

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Understanding radiation-based imaging systems’ operation offers critical insights into hardware design and computational processing. As medical imaging continues to evolve with advances in AI, cloud computing and edge devices, a solid understanding of radiation physics in medical diagnostics is becoming increasingly vital.

For Electrical & Electronics Engineering students, this journey delves into the intricacies of sensor technologies, radiation detectors, analog-to-digital conversion, and the embedded systems that drive real-time imaging. And, for the students of Computer Science Engineering, it opens up opportunities in medical image processing, algorithm design, machine learning applications in diagnostics, and the development of intelligent imaging software.

This blog explores the multidisciplinary science behind modern diagnostic tools – where physics, electronics, and code converge to save lives.

Advanced Radiation Interactions and Signal Acquisition in Medical Imaging

Medical imaging hinges on how radiation interacts with the human body. Each tissue type absorbs or scatters radiation differently, depending on its density and composition – a marvel revealed by radiation physics in medical diagnostics.

Scintillators convert incoming radiation, such as X-rays or gamma rays, into visible light. This light is then captured by photodiodes, which transform it into electrical signals.

Semiconductor-based detectors, such as those made from silicon or cadmium zinc telluride (CZT), offer a more direct approach by converting radiation energy straight into electrical charge. These signals are amplified and processed to create detailed images.

In CT (Computed Tomography) scanners, multiple X-ray beams rotate around the patient to produce cross-sectional slices of the body, which are reconstructed into 3D images using powerful computing algorithms. On the other hand, PET (Positron Emission Tomography) systems detect gamma rays emitted indirectly by a radioactive tracer injected into the body.

Digital Image Processing through Radiation Physics in Medical Diagnostics

In medical diagnostics, raw image data from radiological devices like CT scanners, MRIs, and X-rays often require significant enhancement and processing before they can be used for accurate diagnosis. Digital image processing techniques are crucial in refining these images by enhancing key features, reducing noise, and improving clarity.

Fundamental concepts such as edge detection allow for identifying boundaries between tissues, aiding in visualising structures like tumours or fractures. Noise reduction algorithms help eliminate unwanted interference from the image, ensuring that essential features are not obscured by static or artefacts. 3D reconstruction techniques create three-dimensional representations of scanned data for screening anatomical structures from multiple angles.

For CSE students, integrating machine learning (ML) and computer vision techniques offers exciting possibilities in automating image analysis, improving diagnostic accuracy, and enabling real-time image interpretation.

Innovations in radiation physics in medical diagnostics have paved the way for advanced biomedical image analysis software, a key area of growth in healthcare technology.

Safety, Standards, and Emerging Technologies in Radiological Equipment

As medical imaging technologies evolve, ensuring the safety of both patients and healthcare professionals becomes increasingly important.

Regulatory standards such as those set by the Atomic Energy Regulatory Board (AERB) and the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) govern the safe use of radiation in medical settings, helping to limit radiation exposure and prevent long-term health risks. These standards guide the development of shielding techniques, which protect patients and staff from excessive radiation exposure and define acceptable doses for imaging procedures.

Alongside these safety measures, the rise of smart diagnostic devices powered by IoT (Internet of Things) and AI is transforming medical imaging. Radiation physics in medical diagnostics IoT enables the real-time monitoring of radiation levels, while AI-driven systems can optimise imaging protocols to minimise exposure without compromising image quality.

Interpreting how these technologies integrate into radiological equipment offers a unique opportunity to innovate in medical device design, automation, and data analytics.

Propagating a Safe & Sound Medical Diagnosis Field: OmDayal Group of Institutions

By delving into the principles of radiation interactions, sensor design, image processing, and safety standards, students from Electrical & Electronics Engineering and Computer Science Engineering are not only gaining a deeper understanding of the technologies that drive modern medical imaging but are also poised to lead innovations that will shape the future of healthcare.

At institutions like ours, OmDayal Group of Institutions continue to foster interdisciplinary learning and research; they are preparing the next generation of engineers and technologists to contribute meaningfully to this critical field, making radiation physics in medical diagnostics accessible for all.

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As cities around the globe continue to evolve into smart, interconnected ecosystems, the need for intelligent infrastructure has never been more pressing.

One of the key enablers in the planning and development of modern smart cities and burgeoning mega metropolitans is the implementation of adaptive signal control systems. These systems offer a sleek and efficient way to manage traffic flow by adjusting signal timings in real, based on actual road conditions.

With urban populations and vehicular density projected to multiply significantly in the coming years, strengthening traffic management infrastructure is not just a priority—it’s a necessity.

Adaptive signal control is a forward-thinking solution that can reduce congestion, minimise travel delays, and contribute to a more sustainable and liveable urban future.

Intelligent Traffic Systems: Embedded Controls & Sensor Networks

The world is rapidly urbanising, with metropolitans extending their scopes beyond conventional layouts and smart planning. ITS, or intelligent traffic systems, have become the cornerstone of automated traffic control in smart cities, enabling smoother commutes and safer roads. They rely on a network of embedded microcontrollers, real-time sensors, and data-processing units that monitor and respond to traffic flow conditions without human intervention.

For instance, cities like Singapore and Los Angeles have implemented ITS that use infrared sensors, inductive loop detectors, and video analytics to collect real-time data on vehicle count, speed, and congestion levels, allowing traffic signals to adapt dynamically to demand.

Adaptive signal control systems operate on embedded processors programmed with traffic algorithms capable of executing real-time signal adjustments based on inputs from a distributed network of sensors. These sensors, often embedded in road surfaces or mounted on poles, form a wireless sensor network (WSN) that communicates via protocols such as Zigbee or LoRaWAN.

The engineering innovations behind these technologies include energy-efficient design for long-term deployment, robust firmware for fault tolerance, and integration with centralised traffic management platforms.

Signal Optimisation Algorithms: Control Theory & Machine Learning in Urban Mobility

The core functionality of adaptive traffic signal systems lies in using signal optimisation algorithms, which draw heavily from classical control theory and are increasingly enhanced by machine learning (ML) techniques.

Traditionally, control theory principles such as feedback loops, proportional-integral-derivative (PID) control, and state-space modelling have been employed to maintain optimal flow by adjusting signal timings in response to fluctuating traffic conditions. These systems use real-time input data, like queue lengths and vehicle arrival rates, to alter green and red light durations across intersections.

With the advancement of machine learning, particularly reinforcement learning and neural networks, traffic control has entered a new era of predictive and adaptive capability. For example, ML models can forecast congestion patterns using historical and real-time data, enabling pre-emptive adjustments rather than reactive ones.

Cities like Pittsburgh have piloted AI-based adaptive signal control systems, reporting up to a 25% reduction in travel time and 30% fewer stops. These algorithms continuously learn and evolve from incoming data, improving efficiency without manual recalibration.

V2X & Real-time Data Transmission in Adaptive Signal Control Systems

A critical pillar of urban traffic maintenance is the robust communication infrastructure that enables seamless Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X) connectivity and real-time data transmission, essential for intelligent coordination.

V2X technology allows vehicles to communicate with traffic lights (V2I), other vehicles (V2V), pedestrians (V2P), and the broader network (V2N) using protocols such as Dedicated Short-Range Communications (DSRC) or Cellular V2X (C-V2X).

This interconnected ecosystem helps predict vehicle movement, detect potential collisions, and prioritise emergency vehicles, ultimately reducing accidents and enhancing traffic flow efficiency.

Complementing V2X is the real-time data transmission framework, with 5G-enabled smart grids, which allows traffic management centres to receive, analyse, and respond to vast volumes of sensor data with minimal latency.

For example, in cities like Seoul and Amsterdam, real-time feeds from roadside units and vehicles inform adaptive signal control systems, helping reduce traffic congestion and improve travel reliability.

OmDayal Group of Institutions: Constructing the Foundation for a Robust Infrastructure for Urban Traffic Systems

As we focus on the futuristic, fully automated adaptive signal control systems poised to transform urban road maps, let us contemplate the impact of a well-designed course that prepares engineers to take on the world.

The curriculum and research initiatives in Electrical and Electronics Engineering at OmDayal Group of Institutions are meant to equip students with the technical knowledge and practical skills required to shape the future of intelligent urban infrastructure.

By fostering a strong foundation in theory and real-world application, we are nurturing the next generation of engineers who will lead the way in constructing efficient, sustainable, and responsive urban traffic systems.

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Ever noticed how electronic devices sometimes act up after a sudden power flicker or a thunderstorm? That’s usually due to voltage spikes – those unexpected surges in electricity that can sneak into circuits from lightning, power grid shifts, or even when large appliances switch on and off.

To mitigate these risks, engineers employ a range of surge protection devices, such as transient voltage suppression diodes, metal oxide varistors and gas discharge tubes etc. Modern advancements also integrate smart protection technologies that dynamically regulate and absorb or bypass excess voltage.

In this blog, we are discussing the diverse overvoltage protections in electronic circuits that help circuits to break down and maintain smooth power supply and production flow. Read on to gain insights into such mechanisms of robust and reliable electronic systems that dynamically regulate and absorb or bypass excess voltage.

Voltage Clamping vs. Crowbar Protection

The two most effective protection techniques for electronic devices are fundamentally different in their modes of operation.

Voltage clamping restricts voltage spikes using clamping diodes and varistors. Real-world examples include USB chargers and power adapters that protect smartphones and laptops or surge protector power strips that protect household electronics from grid fluctuations.

Crowbar protection checks power surge by diverting excess voltage through a temporary short circuit. The method typically involves thyristors, silicone-controlled rectifiers or gas discharge tubes that instantly shunt voltage above a critical level until the power cycle resets. Applications are also found in telecom and industrial units, aerospace and military systems.

The choice between voltage clamping and crowbar protection depends on the applications. Understanding these safety techniques makes them suitable for overvoltage protection in micro and macro electronics and mega-circuit operations.

Microcontrollers and AI in Overvoltage Protection in Electronics

Unlike passive protection devices, microcontrollers actively monitor voltage levels, detect anomalies, and trigger corrective actions before damage occurs. They can dynamically adjust circuit parameters, activate relay switches, or engage secondary protection layers when detecting a voltage spike. AI further refines this process by leveraging predictive analytics and machine learning algorithms to anticipate voltage fluctuations based on historical data and environmental conditions – aspects that are taught as part of our EEE curriculum (click for the fee structure).

Compact yet powerful microcontrollers, often no larger than a coin, remodel overvoltage management by storing firmware tailored for precise regulation. AI and microcontroller-based solutions are particularly crucial in smart grids, where they help balance fluctuating renewable energy sources like solar and wind power etc. By enabling self-healing networks, these systems autonomously detect faults and reroute power, ensuring voltage stability.

AI and microcontrollers leverage predictive analytics and machine learning algorithms anticipate voltage fluctuations based on historical data and environmental conditions significantly improving power stability, reducing false triggers and extending the lifespan of electronic components.

Testing and Troubleshooting Voltage Failures

Effective voltage regulation isn’t just about protection, it’s also about identifying, diagnosing, and fixing voltage failures before they escalate. Engineers rely on various testing methods to detect them, including oscilloscopes for real-time waveform analysis, multimetres for voltage level monitoring, and power quality analysers for providing overvoltage protection in electronics.

Advanced troubleshooting also involves circuit simulation software, which helps predict failures and optimise protection strategies before deployment. In industrial and smart grid applications, AI-driven diagnostic tools continuously monitor electrical systems, flagging anomalies and suggesting corrective actions before damage occurs.

Additionally, thermal imaging cameras help pinpoint overheating components, often an early sign of voltage stress. Regular testing and preventive maintenance are crucial in power-sensitive environments like data centres, medical equipment, and aerospace systems, where even a minor voltage fluctuation can lead to catastrophic failures.

Imagining a Spike-proof Future with Efficient Power Flow: OmDayal Group of Institutions

The guiding principle of our reputed institute i.e. OmDayal Group of Institutions has always been preparing young students with intelligent, adaptive systems powered by modern advancements and technological innovations. We always strive to render top-notch education to our budding electrical engineers with smarter, safer and efficient curriculums for designing next-gen overvoltage protection in electronics. A neatly arranged academic calendar along with robust hands-on practical labs is what makes our classrooms a haven for these diligent students.

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What, according to you, is computable? Is it numbers, values or equations?

Welcome to the world of quantum mechanics, where qubits have outperformed classical supercomputers and fundamentally redefined what’s computable. Here, particles exist in multiple states simultaneously, and information can be entangled across space while logic bends into probabilities.

Concepts like quantum tunnelling, superposition or entanglement underpin the quantum applications and help understand how abstract physics controls computational capabilities.

Stay tuned as we sift through the mind-boggling science of quantum mechanics in computing, exploring landmark algorithms while resolving challenges in cryptography, optimisation or simulation. The scientific breakthroughs responsible for quantum supremacy shape industries, as physicists and engineers are racing to tame fragile qubits into scalable machines.

Real-World Problem Solving by Computational Complexity Theory

Qubits at the core of quantum mechanics enable a quantum processor to perform exponential problem-solving through superposition. A defining moment in this journey was the achievement of quantum supremacy by Google’s Sycamore processor (2019), which has since simplified calculations that typically took forever for supercomputers to solve.

But supremacy in the lab isn’t the same as real-world impact. To understand its broader significance, we turn to computational complexity theory, where questions like Is every problem whose solution can be verified quickly also solvable quickly? (P vs NP) are now joined by new classes like BQP (Bounded-Error Quantum Polynomial-Time).

As quantum mechanics in computing break cryptographic codes, optimise supply chains, accelerate drug discovery, and train machine learning models, understanding these complexity classes becomes crucial for engineers.

Quantum Algorithms Redefining Simulation & Material Modelling

Nowadays, powerful algorithms have developed, challenging the limits of classical logic. Shor’s algorithm, which can factor large integers exponentially faster than any known classical algorithm, has profound implications for cryptography, threatening to break RSA encryption that secures digital communications today. Meanwhile, Grover’s algorithm provides a quadratic speedup for unstructured database searches, offering efficiencies in data retrieval, optimisation, and AI.

Physical Simulation and Material Modelling are crucial in engineering and architectural fields, [click here for the full course fee] and quantum principles are opening new doors in material science. With a correct prediction of molecular behaviour, designing high-efficiency semiconductors and laying the structural blueprints of 3D architectural models, quantum mechanics in computing are bringing change at the atomic level.

As quantum innovations evolve, architecture students get better access to thermal insulators, lightweight composites, or even quantum-informed design software that simulates environmental responses with unprecedented precision.

Hardware Engineering Innovations for Quantum Mechanics in Computing

While quantum algorithms drive the theory, quantum hardware turns potential into performance – the realm of science when it meets engineering in its rawest form. Today’s leading quantum hardware platforms include superconducting qubits, used by companies like IBM and Google, which operate at near absolute-zero temperatures to maintain quantum coherence; trapped ions, where individual atoms are manipulated with lasers for high-fidelity operations; and photonic systems, which harness particles of light for more stable, room-temperature computing.

Beyond labs, there’s a growing need for quantum-safe architecture to crack conventional encryption and co-design environments optimised for quantum technology. Innovations in cryogenic refrigeration systems, ultra-clean fabrication environments, and quantum lab infrastructure have given rise to the need to address the issues of decoherence, noise, coding error, and thermal instability.

In the foreseeable future, scalable quantum systems will take over, from designing compact, noise-resistant chips to building infrastructure that supports secure communication networks.

Upscaling the Digital Output by Shaping Future Computer Engineers: OmDayal Group of Institutions

We believe in preparing future computer engineers to lead the wave of technological innovation. We integrate quantum mechanics in computing into our academic framework to empower the young batch as they learn, assimilate and contribute to the rapidly evolving digital landscape. The curriculum of Computer Science Engineering in our college stands out among the exceptionally designed ones in Bengal.

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Academic excellence is often seen as the ultimate goal of student life, but pursuing it at the cost of emotional intelligence is a sign of misguided priorities. Although intelligence is crucial for chalking out the path to success, in the absence of self-awareness, resilience and emotional stability, even the brightest minds struggle to perform under pressure.

A nurturing learning atmosphere prioritises both emotional intelligence and academic success while preparing students with the skills to handle stress, build meaningful relationships and adapt to complex scenarios. True learning is about mastering subjects and developing the emotional maturity to navigate challenges, collaborate effectively, and maintain mental well-being.

Let us navigate our way through this blog into the broader horizon of emotional health and its correlation with a successful academic record, ensuring students not only excel in their studies but also grow as balanced individuals.

Why Emotional Intelligence Shapes Your Academic Journey

Our emotional intelligence is the primary governing force behind all the motivation, class performance, spontaneous participation and the development of cognitive abilities. A student who is in an emotionally secure place is more likely to approach learning with a confident, positive mindset than one who struggles to keep anxiety and insecurities at bay.

Emotional stability helps regulate anxiety during exams, ensuring that pressure doesn’t hinder performance. In the classroom, it fosters better focus, active participation, and the ability to absorb and retain knowledge efficiently. Moreover, emotionally intelligent students handle constructive criticism well, collaborate better with peers, and adapt to challenges without feeling overwhelmed.

Beyond academic settings, emotional intelligence nurtures resilience, empowering students to overcome setbacks with a constructive mindset. Encouraging self-awareness helps individuals identify their strengths and areas for growth, which are crucial for setting realistic goals and achieving personal milestones.

Mastering Stress, Focus and Motivation: The EI Advantage

As youngsters, you must often grapple with stress, distractions, and lack of motivation and quickly lose interest in important matters. These are recognised as intrinsic challenges that significantly hinder your performance. Identify these psychic triggers, and practice meditation along with calming breathing exercises to bring your mind back on track. Emotional intelligence and academic success go way beyond fetching good grades, they are indispensable in the long career journey.

Try focusing more on things that calm your mind as a way to channel your energy into something productive. Learners must stay present and engaged, so investing less time and attention to emotional distractions and aligning personal goals with emotional well-being is better.

Success is always relative; not everyone has to touch the same finishing line, but maintaining steady progress in your career is a universal indicator of growth. Do not chase project completion; motivate yourself and never stop being productive.

Strong Perceptibility: Its Role in Emotional Intelligence and Academic Success

By fostering self-awareness, EI enables students to reflect on their learning habits, identify areas for improvement, and set realistic yet ambitious goals. This heightened self-regulation ensures they remain consistent in their efforts, even when faced with setbacks or challenges.

Students become more receptive to feedback, better at adapting to challenges, and more attuned to the nuances of classroom dynamics if they develop empathy, self-regulation, and emotional awareness. This heightened perceptibility enhances their ability to grasp complex concepts, understand diverse perspectives, and anticipate academic expectations. Moreover, EI encourages a growth mindset, fostering resilience, curiosity, and a proactive attitude toward learning.

Rather than being derailed by failure or criticism, students see each experience as an opportunity to improve their emotional intelligence and academic success.

OmDayal Group of Institutions: Encouraging Young Minds to Develop in Harmony with Their Intellect

The philosophy of our institute is to provide proper education that nurtures both the heart and mind. By fostering a holistic learning environment, we prepare students to thrive in exams and life because emotional intelligence and academic success are the two pillars of a progressive life. While designing the courses we offer, our focus never wavers from the basic need of preserving a holistic learning ambience where students feel safe to be in their element and let their spontaneity perform freely.

As fresh batches of students enter our college every year, the urge to renovate our curriculums and infrastructure gets stronger than ever. What better way to upgrade the educational system than moulding it the ML way?

As an integral part of the modern educational system, it has changed how we approach problem-solving and innovation. From predictive maintenance in engineering to AI-driven structural analysis in civil engineering, controlling smart power grids in electrical, to producing biomedical images in healthcare, all the traditional methods have been reshaped to meet industry demands.

This blog allows you to explore how machine learning in B. Tech courses helps predict equipment failures, optimise complex systems, and improve how we build and innovate. So, whether you are designing smarter infrastructure, working on energy-efficient power grids, or exploring AI-driven medical tech, machine learning can be your trusted friend.

Core Machine Learning Algorithms of Modern Science

Supervised learning algorithms, like linear regression and support vector machines, help predict outcomes based on labelled data, valuable in applications such as structural load prediction in civil engineering or energy consumption forecasting in electrical systems.

Linear and Logistic Regression are supervised learning algorithms widely used for machine learning in B. Tech courses. Decision Trees and Random Forests help simplify datasets, sometimes with the help of Support Vector Machines that excel in classification and signal interpretation.

K-Nearest Neighbours (KNN) is valid for pattern recognition and weather forecasting, whereas more advanced techniques like Gradient Boosting algorithms (XGBoost, LightGBM, CatBoost) are for complex scenarios and fault detection. Dimensionality Reduction methods like PCA (Principal Component Analysis) and t-SNE help in image processing and sensor data analysis.

Clustering Algorithms such as K-Means and Hierarchical Clustering assist in grouping similar patterns and are widely used in traffic flow optimisation and material classification.

Machine Learning in B. Tech Courses: Theory & Skills

The curriculum typically covers core concepts like probability, linear algebra, optimisation, and statistics, which form the backbone of ML algorithms. Students also gain practical experience with tools like Python, TensorFlow, Scikit-learn, and MATLAB, working on projects involving data analysis, predictive modelling, and AI-driven solutions.

Whether it’s training neural networks, optimising manufacturing processes, or improving cybersecurity, ML skills are now essential across engineering disciplines. By integrating theory with coding, problem-solving, and domain-specific applications, B. Tech programs equip future engineers with the expertise needed to innovate and adapt in an increasingly AI-driven world.

Career Prospects and Industrial Applications of Engineering

Computer science and IT professionals find careers in AI development, cybersecurity, and natural language processing. ML also plays a critical role in biomedical engineering, enabling medical imaging, diagnostics, and personalised healthcare advancements. Industries ranging from finance to aerospace are actively seeking engineers skilled in ML for roles like data scientists, AI engineers, robotics specialists, and system analysts.

In mechanical and manufacturing engineering, ML-driven predictive maintenance reduces downtime and enhances efficiency, leading to roles in automation and smart production. Civil engineers leverage AI for structural health monitoring and smart city planning, while electrical engineers work with ML to optimise power grids and renewable energy systems.

OmDayal Group of Institutions: Bridging the Gap Between Hypothesis and Opportunities

As we integrate machine learning in our BCA course, (see the detailed fee structure) our curriculum prepares students to harness AI-driven innovations across various engineering fields. With a strong foundation in ML algorithms, industry-relevant tools, and hands-on projects, graduates step into a world of opportunities where they can drive technological advancements and shape the future.

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In an era of rising electricity consumption, the need for efficient power transmission is more critical than it has ever been. With modern power demands requiring smarter and more adaptable infrastructure, FACTS solutions are shaping the future of electrical power systems.

The vital aspect of voltage regulation in power flow control using FACTS is developing voltage regulation techniques to keep up with growing consumption and enhance the resilience of the power network.

Explore the fundamentals of power flow control in this blog as we navigate through reactive power compensation, system stability maintenance and power loss minimisation to contribute to a steady and efficient energy infrastructure.

Understanding Power Flow and the Role of FACTS in Modern Grid

In an ideal system, power should be transmitted smoothly from generation points to distribution networks while maintaining optimal voltage levels and minimal transmission losses. However, real-world grids face load variations, transmission bottlenecks, and voltage instability, leading to power congestion and supply disruptions.

Devices like Thyristor-Controlled Series Capacitors (TCSCs), Static VAR Compensators (SVCs), and Unified Power Flow Controllers (UPFCs) help regulate voltage, balance reactive power and optimise transmission capacity. By dynamically adjusting impedance and reactive power, these technologies reduce line congestion by up to 50% and improve grid efficiency. According to studies, convenient power flow control using FACTS can increase transmission capacity by 20–40%, significantly reducing the need for costly infrastructure expansions.

Reactive Power Compensation: Enhancing Grid Performance

Reactive Power Compensation (RPC) is required to maintain voltage levels and magnetise equipment like transformers and motors. However, an imbalance in reactive power can lead to voltage instability, increased transmission losses, and inefficient power delivery, ultimately weakening grid performance. Transmission lines experience excessive loading without proper power flow control using FACTS that reduce their power capacitance.

To address these challenges, modern grids employ Static VAR Compensators (SVCs), Static Synchronous Compensators (STATCOMs), and Series Capacitors, which dynamically regulate reactive power flow. As the share of renewable energy sources like wind and solar increases — where power output is often intermittent, reactive power compensation becomes even more critical to balance fluctuations and prevent voltage sags or surges.

Voltage Regulation in Expanding AC Networks: The Need for Smart Control

In today’s power landscape, where demand is rising and smart grids are becoming the norm, voltage regulation is a cornerstone of modern energy infrastructure. Voltage fluctuations caused by load imbalances, transmission line losses, and variable energy generation from renewables can damage equipment, cause power outages, and reduce operational efficiency.

To tackle these challenges, modern grids rely on On-Load Tap Changers (OLTCs), Phase-Shifting Transformers (PSTs), and Synchronous Condensers to regulate voltage levels dynamically. OLTCs in power transformers adjust the voltage in response to fluctuations, ensuring a steady supply to consumers, while PSTs manage power flow by controlling phase angles, preventing overloads and instability. Additionally, Synchronous Condensers, which operate like rotating machines, help power flow control using FACTS, supplying or absorbing reactive power as needed. Research indicates that effective voltage regulation can improve grid efficiency by up to 20% and reduce transmission losses by 10–15%.

Powering the Path to an Energy Efficient Future: OmDayal Group of Institutions

We aim to empower future electrical engineers with the expertise to control and enhance modern energy landscape through power flow control using FACTS. Through a robust curriculum in power electronics, grid automation, and smart energy solutions, students gain hands-on experience in enhancing voltage stability, managing reactive power, and improving transmission efficiency.

With a strong focus on real-world applications and sustainable energy innovations, we prepare them to tackle the challenges of evolving power networks, ensuring they become the next generation of problem-solvers in the energy sector.

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In the digital age, social networks generate an immense volume of data, offering valuable insights into user interactions, preferences, and trends. Data mining in social networks applies computational techniques to extract meaningful patterns, detect anomalies, and predict user behaviour. Understanding these methods is crucial for Computer Science Engineering students as they form the backbone of recommender systems, targeted marketing, cybersecurity, and even social influence modelling.

This blog delves into key algorithms used in big data mining, explores the identification of patterns within massive datasets, and examines how user behaviour analysis shapes technological advancements. Whether you’re interested in artificial intelligence, machine learning, or data science, mastering these concepts will open doors to innovative applications in digital ecosystems.

Key Algorithms in Social Media Data Mining

Popular social media platforms like Facebook alone process over 4 petabytes daily, making data mining essential. Data mining in social networks includes graph-based models (like PageRank) for ranking influential nodes, clustering algorithms (such as K-Means and DBSCAN) for community detection, and classification techniques (like Decision Trees and Support Vector Machines) for sentiment analysis.

Machine learning-based Natural Language Processing (NLP) techniques, including Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA), help analyse textual data. Deep learning models, like Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) and Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs), enhance image and text analytics.

These algorithms operate on parameters like engagement metrics (likes, shares, comments), user activity patterns, and network structures, enabling businesses, researchers, and policymakers to extract valuable insights from social interactions worldwide.

Pattern Recognition and Trend Analysis in Social Networks

With over 500 million postings daily and more than 4 billion interactions per day, Meta platforms rely on pattern recognition and trend analysis to process and manage vast data streams efficiently. Big data mining in social networks thrive on techniques like time-series analysis, anomaly detection, and association rule learning, help identify emerging trends, viral content, and user behaviour patterns in real-time.

Models like Hidden Markov Models (HMMs) and Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) networks predict user engagement and content propagation, ensuring seamless platform operation. This data-driven approach prevents system congestion, enhances content recommendations, and enables proactive moderation, maintaining the fluidity and responsiveness of social networks worldwide.

User Behaviour Analysis: Insights and Applications

With 4.8 billion social media users worldwide generating an enormous data footprint, User Behaviour Analysis (UBA) is a crucial component of big data mining. Platforms like Facebook, Instagram, and Twitter rely on engagement metrics (likes, shares, dwell time, click-through rates) and predictive analytics to refine user experience and optimise content delivery.

AI-driven recommendation systems, such as those used by Netflix and YouTube, continuously analyse viewing patterns to personalise content. This process functions on a real-time feedback loop, where machine learning models track interactions, refine algorithms, and enhance engagement.

Additionally, UBA plays a critical role in fraud detection, targeted advertising, and cybersecurity, ensuring the fluidity and efficiency of social media networks across the globe while preventing data overload and operational slowdowns.

OmDayal Group of Institutions: Encouraging Prolific Computer Wizards for Big Data Mining

At our institution, we equip future tech innovators with the expertise to navigate and optimise the vast data mining in social networks. Through a robust curriculum in machine learning, artificial intelligence, and data analytics, students gain hands-on experience handling massive datasets, designing intelligent algorithms, and enhancing system efficiency.

With a strong focus on real-world applications and emerging technologies, we prepare them to tackle the challenges of big data mining, ensuring they become the next generation of problem-solvers in the ever-evolving digital ecosystem.

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The sleek, diverse designs of the architectural wonders of today are enough proof of the marvellous impacts of modern engineering and architectural practices. They stand tall against gravity, wind and seismic forces through a meticulous balance of physics and material science. At their core, these superstructures rely on deep foundations such as pile foundations and caissons; distributing immense loads evenly to prevent settlement or tilting. The science behind the structural performance of skyscrapers lies in load-bearing principles, where dead loads and live loads are carefully accounted for.

Architects and engineers employ structural frameworks like the steel-reinforced core, bundled tube systems, and outriggers to counteract lateral forces while optimising space and material efficiency. These foundational and design elements allow skyscrapers to rise ever higher, transforming urban landscapes with innovation and precision.

Through this blog, let us learn about how aerodynamic shaping, tapered designs, and tuned mass dampers are incorporated to reduce wind-induced sway, ensuring both safety and comfort.

Load Bearing Principle in Structural Performance of Skyscrapers

The structural integrity of a skyscraper hinges on its ability to efficiently bear and distribute immense loads, ensuring both stability and longevity. These towering structures must withstand their own weight (dead loads) and dynamic forces like occupancy movement, wind pressure, and seismic activity (live and lateral loads).

To achieve this, architects and engineers design skyscrapers with robust load-bearing systems such as steel or reinforced concrete cores, bundled tube frameworks, and mega columns. These elements work together to transfer weight evenly to the foundation, preventing stress concentrations. Additionally, various buffers—like flexible joints, tuned mass dampers, and deep foundation systems to absorb vibrations and counteract structural shifts.

Material Innovations for Sustainability of Super Tall Structures

High-performance concrete, reinforced with microfibres and admixtures, enhances compressive strength and reduces material weight, making it an ideal choice for load-bearing elements. Advanced steel alloys, with superior tensile strength and corrosion resistance improve the structural performance of skyscrapers, allowing for flexible yet robust structural designs.

High-rises integrate composite materials, such as carbon fibre-inforced polymers, which improve durability while reducing overall building mass. The selection of these materials is rooted in architectural science — balancing weight, load distribution, thermal insulation and environmental impact. Innovations like self-healing concrete, smart glass for energy efficiency and modular prefabricated components further optimise skyscraper construction, ensuring they remain resilient, energy-efficient and eco-stable for decades.

Wind and Seismic Considerations for Stability in Extreme Heights

Buildings in areas prone to high-velocity wind flow and seismic activity require meticulous planning, rigorous geological surveys and advanced engineering solutions to ensure long-term stability. Before construction begins, the engineers and architects must conduct thorough soil testing and seismic assessments to determine the foundation’s load-bearing capacity and the building’s response to natural forces.

Modern structural performance of skyscrapers incorporates cutting-edge technologies like tuned mass dampers, pendulum systems, and base isolators to counteract vibrations caused by earthquakes and wind-induced sway. Aerodynamic shaping, such as tapered or twisted designs, helps reduce wind resistance, while flexible steel-reinforced cores enhance structural resilience. Corrosion-resistant materials coupled with real-time structural health monitoring systems ensures durability against environmental wear and tear.

Strengthening the Architectural Brilliance of the Future: OmDayal Group of Institutions

By mastering advanced load-bearing principles, cutting-edge materials, and resilience against environmental forces, future architects and engineers can shape the skylines of tomorrow with structures that stand tall — both in strength and sustainability. At our institution, we always foster a holistic learning environment so that our architecture and engineering students are equipped with the knowledge and skills to innovate in structural design, material efficiency and sustainable construction.

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The most striking analogy of manufacturing solar photovoltaic panels is with the natural phenomenon of photosynthesis, where plants entrap small packets of photons to convert into chemical energy that, in turn, is oxidised into mechanical energy as and when plants need them. This led the scientists to design PV cells that trap, store and convert light energy of the Sun into chemical energy inside the semi-conductor. As a result, we obtain this energy as a stream of electric current powering buildings and machines.

Whether exploring energy-efficient building designs, optimising power electronics, or developing smart grid solutions, understanding solar PV technology is crucial for engineers and architects alike.

This blog is meant to explore the science, technology and practical applications of solar PV, making it easier to see how this transformative technology fits into the future of engineering and architecture.

Fundamentals of Solar PV Technology and Power Conversion

As discovered by Albert Einstein, when the photons from solar rays strike a semi-conductor material, typically silicone – the electrons get excited and generate a continuous flow of electric current. This photoelectric effect works behind the fundamental operation of a PV system, i.e. Solar Cell, as it converts sunlight into direct current (DC) electricity.

However, since most electrical grids and home appliances run on alternating current (AC), a crucial step in power conversion is performed by an inverter, which transforms DC into AC using pulse-width modulation (PWM) techniques and high-frequency switching circuits. Power conversion also involves maximum power point tracking (MPPT) algorithms, optimising voltage and current levels to ensure the highest efficiency.

Electrical engineering is key in integrating solar PV technology into buildings, encompassing power electronics for voltage regulation, transformers for load distribution, grid synchronisation to maintain frequency stability, and protective relays to prevent overloads.

Grid Integration and Energy Storage

The synchronisation of inter-dependent phases is of utmost importance while maintaining grid stability, as they optimise the voltage and frequency of solar-generated AC electricity with the grid.

The power factor correction and reactive power compensation techniques help prevent fluctuations caused by variable solar output. The inverter control systems use advanced phase-locked loops (PLLs) to ensure balance with the grid. Energy storage systems (ESS) are crucial in optimising power flow and mitigating solar energy’s intermittency. Lithium-ion batteries, flow batteries, and supercapacitors store excess energy generated during peak sunlight, ensuring continuous power supply during low or high-demand periods.

Integrating battery management systems (BMS) ensures storage units’ safety, longevity, and optimal performance by regulating voltage levels and preventing overcharging or deep discharging.

Applications and Future Trends in Solar PV Technology

Notably, perovskite-silicon tandem cells have achieved a record efficiency of 28.6% in commercial-scale applications, significantly reducing the space required for solar installations.

Japan’s substantial investment of $1.5 billion in ultra-thin, flexible perovskite solar cells aims to diversify energy sources and enhance energy security, challenging existing market leaders. Additionally, deploying high-altitude solar plants, such as the 5,228-meter-high installation in Tibet, demonstrates the potential of solar technology in diverse and challenging environments.

OmDayal Group of Institutions: Laying the Foundation for Successful Solar PV Projects in Future

As solar PV technology continues to evolve, our commitment to technical excellence and sustainable engineering ensures that the students play a key role in shaping an energy-efficient future. By fostering research in perovskite cells, smart grids, and energy storage advancements, we prepare young graduates to tackle real-world challenges in renewable energy deployment.

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Python has become one of the most beloved and widely-used programming languages in the world today. With its simple syntax, versatility, and massive ecosystem, it’s no surprise that Python continues to dominate in domains like web development, data science, machine learning, automation, and more.

At OmDayal Group of Institutions, a top private engineering college offering AICTE approved BCA courses in Howrah, we incorporate Python into our curriculum to help students build a strong foundation in software development and data-driven technologies.

Python Popularity Across Different Domains

A Beginner-Friendly Language

One of the key reasons for Python’s popularity is its simplicity. Unlike other programming languages such as C++ or Java, Python is designed to be easy to understand, making it perfect for beginners. The language uses a clean and straightforward syntax that reads like plain English. For example, in Python, to print something on the screen, you simply type: print(“Hello, World!”). This simplicity does not just make Python approachable for newcomers but also makes it easier for experienced developers to write clean, maintainable code. Additionally, Python’s dynamic typing means you don’t have to declare variable types explicitly, adding to its ease of use.

Versatility Across Domains

Another reason Python stands out is its versatility. Python can be used in a wide range of domains, from simple scripts to complex applications. Whether you’re building a web app with frameworks like Flask or Django, creating data visualizations using libraries like Matplotlib and Seaborn, or diving into machine learning with TensorFlow or Scikit-learn, Python has you covered.

This cross-industry applicability is a major factor behind its widespread adoption. For example, in the field of data science, Python has become the dominant language for analysis, manipulation, and visualization of data. Libraries such as Pandas and NumPy allow data scientists to work with large datasets effortlessly, while tools like Jupyter Notebooks offer an interactive environment for code and data exploration.

The Power of Python Libraries

One of Python’s most significant advantages is its extensive collection of libraries and frameworks. These pre-written pieces of code allow developers to avoid reinventing the wheel, saving both time and effort. Whether you are working with machine learning, web development, data analysis, or automation, there is a Python library available to make your task easier.

For machine learning and artificial intelligence, libraries like TensorFlow, Keras, and PyTorch provide powerful tools for building and training complex models. In the realm of web development, frameworks such as Django and Flask allow for rapid creation of secure and scalable applications. Python’s requests library simplifies HTTP requests for web scraping, while libraries like BeautifulSoup and Scrapy are used for extracting data from websites. The sheer number and diversity of libraries make Python an indispensable tool for any developer.

Robust Community and Resources

Python’s vibrant community is another reason why it remains so popular. Since Python is open-source, there is a large and active community of developers contributing to its growth. Whether you are a beginner or an expert, there are countless resources available, including forums, tutorials, books, and even online courses, all aimed at helping you learn and improve your skills. Websites like Stack Overflow, Reddit, and the official Python Documentation offer excellent support for anyone looking to troubleshoot problems or expand their knowledge.

The Python Software Foundation (PSF), the organization behind the development of Python, also ensures that the language continues to evolve and improve. Regular updates and new versions are released, adding new features, improving performance, and enhancing security.

Python for Automation and Productivity

Another key area where Python shines is in automation. Python’s simplicity and powerful libraries make it an excellent choice for automating repetitive tasks, saving both time and effort. Whether it’s automating file organization, sending automated emails, scraping data from websites, or automating system administration tasks, Python can handle it all. Tools like Selenium for web automation and PyAutoGUI for GUI automation have made Python a go-to language for automating day-to-day workflows in both personal and professional settings.

For example, a simple Python script can be used to automatically download files from the internet, process them, and save them in a specific directory—saving hours of manual labor. As businesses and organizations look to improve productivity, Python’s automation capabilities are increasingly in demand.

The Future of Python

As we look towards the future, Python’s popularity shows no signs of slowing down. The rise of artificial intelligence and machine learning has only further cemented Python as the leading language in these fields. Python’s integration with cutting-edge technologies such as cloud computing and big data ensures that it remains at the forefront of the tech industry.

Moreover, as Python continues to evolve and mature, it is being adapted for more niche use cases, from game development to cybersecurity. Whether you are building a video game with Pygame, working with blockchain technology, or applying natural language processing (NLP), Python is a flexible tool that adapts to a variety of needs. At Omdayal Group of Institutions we offers AICTE approved 4-year BCA degree program.

Power transmission systems are at the heart of electrical engineering, powering everything from machines to metropolitans. But industrial machinery, automobiles, power grids, and renewable energy systems need smarter, more efficient, sustainable solutions.

For aspiring electrical engineers, understanding these advancements is key to navigating this ever-changing field.

Design renovations to renewable energy setups, this blog takes you through the latest advancements, real-world challenges and future trends in power transmission.

Let us explore this fascinating landscape of energy conversions.

Emerging Technologies in Power Transmission Systems

The future looks brighter as emerging technologies change the game, making energy distribution more efficient and long-lasting. Whether it is High Voltage Direct Current (HVDC) systems bridging the gap of long-distance power transfer or smart grids using IoT and AI for optimised power flow monitoring, innovations flow smoothly in critical landscapes.

Superconductors with cryogenic cooling redefine the way we transmit power, as they operate on a zero-resistance index, ensuring unhindered, continuous electricity flow. Carbon nanotubes with low density and high strength-to-weight ratio reduce material and installation costs and the eco-footprint of power lines, giving them a competitive edge over conventional conductors.

Sustainability and Energy Efficiency in Transmission Systems

In today’s fast-paced world, productivity demands are skyrocketing as traditional power transmission systems lose approximately 10% of generated energy during transmission. Developers are experimenting with hybrid systems with AI-driven load management to integrate renewable energy seamlessly, meeting energy demands while lowering negative impact.

Techniques like dynamic line rating and real-time monitoring are implemented to optimise transmission and reduce waste. Real-time weather data and sensors can help adjust line capacity and efficient energy transfer. Batteries and super capacitors are fitted to stabilise the grid, reduce energy waste and provide backup during outages.

Challenges in Modern Transmissions – From Design to Maintenance

Modern transmission systems are the backbone of our energy infrastructure, but they come with their challenges. Complex designs that aim to improve efficiency often charge hefty amounts for the installation and take a longer development period. Even the materials used can be prone to issues like overheating and wear or tear of the insulation.

Once these systems are up and running, maintenance becomes another hurdle. Identifying faults in intricate networks or replacing hi-tech components can be time-consuming and expensive. Moreover, adapting to sudden load changes or incorporating renewable energy sources without disruptions adds to the complexity of the scenario.

It is a tricky balancing act, but these challenges open scopes for engineers to innovate and push boundaries.

Simulation and AI in Power Transmission Systems

Engineers can test system designs in a virtual environment through simulation, identifying potential issues before they become real-world problems. Meanwhile, AI is stepping in to remodel fault detection, predictive maintenance, and energy load management areas.

AI-powered algorithms can analyse massive amounts of data in real time, making grids smarter and more responsive to demand fluctuations. AI-driven forecasting and planning facilitate the process of smooth integration of renewable energy sources into the grid.

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Knowing what is surge, how it impacts and how the devices are to be protected is of paramount importance for electrical engineers. A surge is a sudden rise in the voltage usually called a high rise spike that can originate due to lightning strikes, faulty wiring, switching operations, tripped breakers etc.

From power grids to high-speed communication networks, electrical surges significantly threaten hardware and data integrity. That is where surge protection technology comes into play!

This blog acts as a catalogue, briefly explaining the essential aspects of mastering surge protection by means of electrical and electronic devices.

Resilient Electrical Network for Surge Immunity Testing

In real-world applications, even a brief surge, lasting a few microseconds, can damage industrial machinery, medical devices or communication systems, leading to costly downtime. Engineers design networks with reinforced grounding, SPDs, and properly shielded cables to absorb excess energy.

Surge protection technology involves simulating real-world surge conditions in a controlled lab setting to ensure that electrical networks can withstand the impact. By designing and testing resilient electrical networks, engineers can help protect critical infrastructure, prevent costly downtime, and ensure the reliable delivery of electricity to homes, businesses and industries.

Surge Protection Technology for High-Frequency Digital Circuits

High-frequency digital circuits like those in microprocessors, communication systems and high-speed data lines are especially vulnerable to voltage surges. Even a small transient spike can disrupt signal integrity, cause data loss or permanently damage delicate components.

These are the reasons why surge protection for these circuits goes beyond traditional methods. It involves fast-acting TVS (Transient Voltage Suppression) diodes, low-capacitance SPDs and proper PCB layout techniques to minimise electromagnetic interference (EMI).

Advanced Protection Techniques for Hybrid and Multi-Surge Suppression

When safeguarding electrical systems from surges, a single line of defence isn’t always enough. Hybrid and multi-surge suppression techniques combine multiple protection layers to handle a wide range of transient threats through surge protection technology.

Lightning-induced surges or internally generated switching spikes, the approach to diminish their negative effect often integrates MOVs (Metal Oxide Varistors) for energy absorption, TVS diodes for rapid response to fast transients and gas discharge tubes (GDTs) for long-lasting durability.

Best Practices for Surge Protection in Electrical System Design

Designing an electrical system with strong surge protection is not just about adding a few SPDs; it takes smart planning from the ground up. Best practices include a layered protection strategy at key entry points, ensuring proper grounding and bonding to direct surges safely into the earth.

Printed Circuit Board or PCBs are designed to minimise noise and interference. For example, engineers often install surge arresters in commercial buildings at the main power supply and protection for sensitive equipment like servers and medical devices. Regular maintenance and surge testing also play a crucial role in keeping systems resilient over time.

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The advancements in medical imaging technologies that have radically altered healthcare diagnostics in the past few decades include X-rays, MRIs, and CT scans, among others. They enable doctors to visualise the internal anatomy of the human body non-invasively. But have you ever considered the underlying physics and engineering that make these technologies possible? As Electrical and Electronics Engineering students, you’ll recognise the crucial role that concepts like electromagnetic waves, magnetic fields, and modern computations play in the physics of medical imaging.

In this blog, we’ll delve into the fascinating intersection of physics, engineering, and medicine, exploring how these principles are harnessed to create cutting-edge diagnostic tools. Let us examine the innovative technologies that are transforming healthcare.

The Role of Electromagnetic Rays in X-Ray Imaging

X-ray imaging, a cornerstone of medical diagnostics, relies on electromagnetic rays. Each ray in the light spectrum has a wavelength from 0.01 to 10 nanometres. These radiations penetrate body tissues to varying degrees based on density.

For instance, bones absorb more X-rays due to their high calcium content, appearing white on radiographs, while softer tissues absorb less, producing grey areas. The process involves emission through a tungsten target, where high-speed electrons decelerate to produce radiation.

The physics of medical imaging is crucial, especially in designing X-ray generator circuits, optimising tube voltage, and ensuring efficient image capture using digital detectors.

Quantum Mechanism in Magnetic Resonance Imaging

MRI leverages the principles of quantum mechanics to visualise internal body structures with exceptional clarity. This technique harnesses the quantum behaviour of hydrogen nuclei (protons) in our body, which naturally align with a powerful magnetic field. When a burst of radiofrequency energy jolts these protons, they jump to higher energy states—only to relax and send out signals that are transformed into the images we see.

Thanks to the physics of medical imaging, MRI scans now boast sharper resolution, quicker imaging, and even the ability to map brain activity in real time through functional MRI (fMRI).

Electrical Engineering behind CT Scan Technology

The power of a CT scan lies in its ability to create detailed cross-sectional images using advanced physics. At its core lies X-ray technology, where an X-ray tube emits a controlled beam of radiation that passes through the body.

Detectors on the opposite side capture the X-rays that have passed through, converting them into electrical signals. Complex algorithms then process these signals to generate high-resolution 3D images.

Electrical engineers continuously improve the precision of these systems by enhancing detector sensitivity, optimising the power of the X-ray source, and refining the software algorithms, leading to faster scans and more accurate diagnoses.

OmDayal Group of Institutions: Championing World-class Study of Modern Optics

We endorse the advancements in medical imaging physics that consistently push the boundaries of innovation and research. By providing students with cutting-edge resources, expert faculty, and hands-on experience, we are shaping the next generation of professional engineers, empowering them to lead and contribute to this field.

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In a world racing against climate change, sustainable living isn’t just a trend—it’s a responsibility we all share. Imagine buildings that breathe life into cities, reduce energy use, and last for generations without harming the planet. Modern architecture is leading the way, blending innovation and eco-consciousness to create homes that are not only resilient but also sustainable. From solar-powered rooftops to walls covered in lush greenery, today’s architects are redefining what it means to live green.

In this blog, we unveil the groundbreaking practices reshaping modern architecture, offering passionate future architects a blueprint for designing structures that harmonise with the environment.

Green Roofs & Vertical Gardens

Buildings where rooftops come with a green cover, and plants grown on walls or vertical platforms blend aesthetics and functionality effortlessly. These spaces absorb pollutants, manage stormwater runoff and promote biodiversity. They contribute to cleaner and cooler air by combatting urban heat island effects.

Such designs serve as recreational spaces, such as rooftop gardens, patios, or walkways, enhancing sustainable living for the residents.

Energy Efficient Passive House Designs

These architectural techniques prioritise natural insulation, airtight construction, and strategic window placement to regulate indoor temperatures without relying heavily on artificial heating or cooling.

Smart orientation techniques like Landscaping, Solar Shading, Thermal Mass, and Heat Recovery Ventilation (HRV) Systems ensure comfort while significantly reducing energy consumption. By smart integration of sunlight and optimum ventilation, these practices promote sustainable living in urban spaces.

Rainwater Harvesting and Greywater Recycling

Rainwater harvesting systems collect and store rainwater from rooftops for non-potable uses like flushing toilets and irrigation. Greywater systems reuse wastewater from sinks, showers, and washing machines for irrigation and flushing toilets.

Both systems reduce potable water demand, decrease stormwater runoff, and minimise wastewater generation. This helps conserve water resources and reduce strain on municipal water treatment facilities for sustainable living.

Building-Integrated Photovoltaics (BIPV)

With photovoltaic modules, BIPV systems replace traditional building materials, such as roofing shingles or façade panels. These modules generate electricity while providing insulation, weatherproofing, and structural support.

Building-integrated photovoltaics (BIPV) seamlessly integrates solar panels into building design, serving as both a building envelope component and a power generator, reducing greenhouse emissions.

Sustainable Materials & Waste Reduction Techniques

Innovative building technologies, including IoT and smart systems, optimise energy and water usage, curtailing environmental impact.

To reduce waste, materials like recycled steel, bamboo, and low-carbon concrete are used with innovative techniques like modular construction. Effective waste reduction techniques include design for deconstruction, material reuse and recycling, minimised packaging, on-site recycling, and waste management planning.

Laying the Cornerstone for Best Architectural Practices: OmDayal Group of Institutions

On our campus, the journey toward sustainable architecture begins in the classroom. With a curriculum that integrates modern sustainable practices, hands-on workshops, and exposure to green technologies, future architects are empowered to design with a purpose.

By fostering innovation, environmental awareness, and a commitment to creating resilient structures, we equip our students with the skills and mindset to lead the charge toward a greener, more sustainable future.

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The modern schooling ecosystem demands more than just literary prowess; intellectual distinction is powered by a unique blend of skills, learning and cognitive ability, and emotional intelligence in education, which has emerged as a vital catalyst for success. EI, the ability to recognise, understand, and manage emotions effectively, empowers students and educators alike to navigate the complexities of learning environments.

Beyond scholastic improvements, optimal EI fosters empathy, collaboration, and resilience—traits essential for thriving in peer interactions, overcoming challenges, and building meaningful relationships. In this blog, we explore the many facets of EI and introspect on the non-negotiable parameter for holistic development that empowers young learners.

Convergence with Artificial Intelligence in Modern Learning

Artificial intelligence transforms student curriculums, impacting how we approach the learning system and seamlessly blending emotional intelligence in education with class performance. Socratic by Google and Woebot use natural language processing and machine learning to engage students. These tools offer personalised learning experiences, adapting to students’ emotional and intellectual needs.

An AI-powered mental health assistant helps students improve their emotional regulation and resilience by providing real-time support and teaching coping strategies through conversations. Analytics, specially those used in platforms like Cognify can assess student behaviour and emotional cues, offering educators insights to address the emotional needs of their students better.

This fusion of AI and EI promotes more adaptive, empathetic learning environments, empowering students to develop critical social and emotional skills alongside their academic growth.

Fostering Leadership Skills in Emerging Scholars

Organising school events or leading a community service project facilitates hands-on opportunities to take initiative, collaborate, and solve problems. Students leading a charity drive learn empathy by understanding the needs of others while enhancing their communication skills.

Through such experiences, learners also develop tenacity by overcoming challenges, such as managing time or resolving team conflicts. These leadership opportunities enable students to build self-awareness, inspire their peers, and create a positive, inclusive environment vital for their academic and personal growth.

Impact on Eco-Conscious Education

Eco-conscious education shapes learners into responsible stewards of the environment by blending awareness with action. Creating a school garden, organising clean-up drives in local parks, or crafting art from recycled materials help students connect classroom lessons to real-world challenges.

For instance, learning about the impact of plastic pollution through a beach-cleaning initiative fosters empathy and a deeper understanding of environmental issues. By promoting sustainable practices, eco-conscious learning equips students with much-needed emotional intelligence in education and problem-solving skills needed to address pressing ecological concerns and contribute meaningfully to a greener future.

Shaping Future-Ready Minds: OmDayal Group of Institutions

We believe in nurturing young minds gradually as they develop emotional intelligence in education, balancing academic success with personal well-being. The inclusive and supportive environment prevailing inside the institute empowers the students to excel in their pursuits with resilience, empathy and critical thinking.

Our innovative pedagogy integrates modern learning techniques, leadership development and sustainability, ensuring that every pupil graduates as a confident, emotionally intelligent and academically accomplished individual, ready to make a meaningful impact on the world.

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Quantum computers use the principles of quantum mechanics to perform complex computations, offering unprecedented power that could solve problems beyond the reach of classical computers.

This blog explores their potential to advance artificial intelligence, optimise logistics, and crack encryption while examining core principles, applications, and the future they promise to shape.

The Power of Qubits

Qubits, the quantum equivalent of classical bits, revolutionise information processing by utilising superposition and entanglement. Unlike traditional bits that are either 0 or 1, qubits can exist in multiple states simultaneously, allowing for numerous calculations to be performed simultaneously and significantly enhancing processing power.

Entanglement links qubits, so the state of one affects another, even at a distance. These unique properties empower quantum computers to tackle complex problems in cryptography, optimisation, and artificial intelligence much faster than classical computers, opening new possibilities in computation.

Quantum Speedup

Quantum speedup has ground-breaking potential in modern computing, allowing for significantly faster solutions to complex problems than traditional computing.

Notable algorithms like Shor’s and Grover’s illustrate this speedup by dramatically reducing the time needed for tasks such as breaking encryption and searching unstructured data. This efficiency could transform various fields, including cryptography, drug discovery, climate modelling, and artificial intelligence, paving the way for innovations previously thought impossible.

Ultimately, quantum speedup enhances speed and opens up new solutions to problems that were once deemed intractable.

Quantum Computing in Engineering and Design

Quantum computers can rapidly assess multiple options, leading to optimal resource allocation, supply chain management, and structural design solutions.

In materials science, they facilitate simulations of molecular interactions, resulting in the development of advanced materials for aerospace and energy storage applications. Quantum algorithms enhance the accuracy of testing and prototyping models, significantly saving time and costs. They also improve machine learning and artificial intelligence, creating more intelligent and adaptive systems in engineering design.

As quantum technology continues to progress, its integration into these fields is expected to revolutionise product conceptualisation, design, and production.

Challenges and the Potential of Quantum Computing

The journey toward mainstream quantum computing adoption is filled with challenges, primarily due to the technical complexities of stable quantum systems, where qubits are sensitive to noise and errors.

Scalability is a major concern as researchers work to develop powerful quantum computers for real-world issues. Advances in quantum error correction, hardware, and algorithms are paving the way for applications in climate change and artificial intelligence.

While the path is challenging, the potential for innovation and global collaboration is vast.

OmDayal Group of Institutions: Quantum Computing at the Forefront of Innovation

Our institution promotes innovation by equipping students with the necessary skills to thrive in a rapidly evolving digital world. We prepare future engineers and scientists through hands-on lessons, research opportunities, and expert mentorship.

Quantum computers represent transformative technology, aligning with our progressive strategy and inspiring students to explore their potential and contribute to development.

The OmDayal Group aims to merge education and innovation, shaping leaders who will drive change and enhance possibilities in the emerging era of quantum-powered solutions.

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Irrespective of how clichéd it sounds, the 21st Century is indeed the age of computers. With computers becoming integral to every aspect of life, the BCA course shows that this field has become one of the most sought-after areas to explore. BCA (Bachelor of Computer Applications) course is an undergraduate program focusing on computer applications and software development. The BCA course structure typically covers programming languages, database management, computer networks, software engineering, web development, and computer architecture.

Career Opportunities Post BCA

Upon completing the AICTE Approved BCA course at OmDayal Group of Institute, the best BCA college in Kolkata, students enter the IT sector in various job roles such as Software Developer, Web Developer, Database Administrator, and more. Some even choose to pursue higher education like MCA or MBA. This versatility offered by the BCA course after 12th science enables graduates to succeed in a highly competitive market. Successful BCA graduates also often land well-paying jobs, and their skills remain in high demand across industries.

Eligibility Criteria

Candidates who have completed BCA education qualification requirements, such as passing 10+2 or an equivalent exam from a recognized board, are eligible to apply. The flexibility in eligibility criteria, including options for science students, makes the AICTE Approved BCA course at OmDayal Group of Institutions an attractive option for many.

Course Overview

Programming Languages

Students begin their studies in their BCA 1st year, focusing on foundational programming skills. These include learning languages like C, Java, Python, and JavaScript. The curriculum develops structured programming techniques and real-world problem-solving abilities.

Networking And System Development

Modules like Cyber Security emphasize essential topics like Ethical Hacking and more. The course also covers Database Management Systems, where students learn to manage databases and perform SQL tasks.

Modern Computer Applications

Advanced subjects in AICTE Approved BCA computer science course details include Data Mining & Data Warehousing, Blockchain Technology, Data Analysis with Python, and Cloud Computing.

Artificial Intelligence And Machine Learning

The curriculum is designed to prepare students for careers in AI and ML, giving them the ability to build innovative systems using advanced algorithms and techniques.

Why Choose OmDayal Group of Institutions – the best AICTE Approved BCA College in Kolkata?

OmDayal Group of Institutions is the best AICTE Approved BCA College in Kolkata. As an AICTE-approved institution, we offer students a well-rounded education that is globally recognized. The BCA course fees structure is highly competitive, and our industry connections provide excellent networking opportunities. Our state-of-the-art labs, along with extensive training programs, make sure students are prepared for all challenges.

AICTE Approval
OmDayal Group of Institutions ensures that all programs are approved and regularly reviewed by AICTE, offering students both national and global recognition. This approval also allows credit transfers between institutions, facilitating a smooth educational journey.
Industry-Driven Education
Our strong connections with the industry enable students to gain practical experience through internships, workshops, and industry visits. This practical exposure ensures that students are prepared for real-world challenges, further enhancing the credibility of their BCA qualification in high-demand roles.
Top-Notch Facilities
We provide modern laboratories with cutting-edge software tools and an Innovation Lab to encourage students and beyond to innovate and think creatively.
Placement Opportunities
Our placement programs are designed to ensure that students graduate with job-ready skills. We provide specialized grooming and coding classes, along with real-world project opportunities, making us a top choice for students looking for BCA.
Comprehensive Cyber Security Training
Our course meets BCA cyber security eligibility standards, ensuring students are well-versed in modern cybersecurity challenges.

The Path Ahead

In conclusion, the AICTE Approved BCA course at OmDayal Group of Institutions offers a detailed, structured path to success in the IT industry. Whether you’re interested in software development, cybersecurity, or AI, the skills and knowledge provided will open doors to countless career possibilities. With a competitive AICTE Approved BCA degree and a globally recognized qualification, pursuing a BCA at OmDayal can be your gateway to a thriving career.

The concept of business dates back to the inception of civilization, and since then, it has been an evolving field. In today’s world, business is a highly competitive domain, especially due to the advent of disruptive technologies and a myriad of intricate societal aspects. Under such a volatile environment, it is imperative for every individual engaged in business to receive appropriate training, both theoretically and empirically. This is where a BBA course becomes indispensable for those who wish to create a niche for themselves in business innovation and strategy. The AICTE approved BBA course, comprising modules on Management, Marketing, Finances, Human Resources, Economics, Law, Statistics, and others, provides a holistic overview of business to students, thereby allowing them to hone and strengthen their acumen. In order to propel students towards practical understanding of the subject, a BBA college also consists of internship programs and other similar hands-on learning experiences.

Eligibility

Any candidate who has passed 10+2 or equivalent from a recognized board can apply for a Bachelor of Business Administration admission. This flexibility in terms of eligibility criteria also makes BBA course a coveted program among students.

Major Subjects taught under a BBA Course

Principles of Management

Principles of Management have been designed to provide valuable insights into the functions of modern-day managers. It orients the learners towards a basic understanding of managerial functions like planning, organizing, staffing, motivation, communication, controlling, and supervision. By focusing on the contemporary challenges faced by organizations in recent years, it enables the proponents to gather knowledge about skills which would have a real-time application in the corporate world, especially in an AICTE approved BBA course.

Financial Accounting

As an introductory course on accounting, this course provides fundamental accounting knowledge on accounting principles and processes, including the theoretical base on GAAP and Accounting Standards. This course focuses on the application of accounting principles to record business transactions in appropriate books of accounts, i.e., preparation of journal, ledger, subsidiary books including cash book, and trial balance. Rectification of errors and bank reconciliation statements are also discussed in this AICTE approved BBA course in detail. Students can get elaborate knowledge on Partnership Accounts, Company accounts, Depreciation accounting, Bank Reconciliation Statement, Final Accounts, etc.

Business Economics

This common core course helps students think in the economic way of establishing a connection between unlimited wants and limited resources available to an individual, firm, and society. It deals with the application of economic analysis in the formulation of business decisions. In this context, the course deals with demand, supply, pricing, theory of consumer choice, theories of production, and market structures. Students will learn to interpret the functioning of the economy at a macro level. **BBA admission** will enable students to understand the concept of National Income Accounting, Public Finance, and International Trade and Finance.

Production and Operations Management (POM)

Production and Operations Management (POM) focuses on carefully managing the processes to produce and distribute products and services. Major topics under POM include product creation, development, production, and distribution. Major functions of POM include Managing purchases, Inventory control, Quality control, Storage, Logistics, and Evaluations. Focus will be on efficiency and effectiveness of the processes, crucial for a Bachelor of Business Administration admission.

Marketing Management

Marketing management involves developing and implementing strategic marketing programs, processes, and activities that align with wider business objectives while utilizing customer insights, tracking metrics, and optimizing internal processes to achieve success, as taught in a comprehensive AICTE approved BBA course.

Human Resource Management

The course will provide an overview of human resource management, with an emphasis on human resource planning and strategy, personnel selection, equal employment opportunity, training, performance appraisal, compensation, and contemporary issues in organizational behavior. All these subjects make a BBA college crucial in developing skilled HR professionals.

Business Communication

This subject aims at helping students understand the nature, meaning, and scope of business communication, thereby enabling them to apply a myriad of communication theories in the practical world. Students will learn the implications of technical communication in business, thus further augmenting their understanding of the intricacies involved in communication. It will prepare students to communicate effectively in a transnational, globalized business environment. The AICTE approved BBA course will introduce students to the basic formats, principles, and ethics of business communication as well as strategies and abilities to adapt to different circumstances in business situations.

Human Behavior and Organization

This subject is designed to enable students to understand the conceptual frameworks of motivation, learning and development, group dynamics, leadership, communication, power and influence, change, diversity, organizational design, and culture. Students will learn to understand the social psychology behind group behavior in professional organizations, and the ways in which productivity and effectiveness can be improved.

Media Literacy and Critical Thinking

This course is crafted to provide students with the ability to discern facts they come across in the media. This is, therefore, a pivotal learning instrument for students to undertake various business decisions and strategies. Students would, therefore, attain the capacity to break down complex information into simpler elements and evaluate them in a prudent manner, as emphasized in an AICTE approved BBA course.

Entrepreneurial Leadership

The BBA course is designed to provide students with the capacity to understand the entrepreneurial ecosystem with respect to practical approaches towards manifesting entrepreneurial ideas, change management, team management, finance, and marketing, long-term planning, etc. BBA at OmDayal Group of Institutions will allow students to gain these entrepreneurial skills.

AI for Business

The course will train students to understand the role and importance of AI in Business and teach them its implications, a crucial component of a modern AICTE approved BBA course.

Business Research Methodology

This will enable students to understand the basic frameworks of research processes, designs, and techniques, by helping them identify data sources, and in turn, collect data effectively. Since research forms an integral part of the Bachelor of Business Administration course, it is, therefore, imperative for students to undertake this course.

Why Choose Us?

After etching a niche for itself as a leading name in core Engineering and Architecture education, OmDayal Group of Institutions is now ready to disrupt the field of management with its AICTE approved BBA course.

As an AICTE approved institution, we offer a wide range of opportunities to our students, therefore, making them prepared to face an era as competitive and demanding as the 21st Century.

The process of education, including infrastructure, learning methods, and qualified faculty members, offered by us is thoroughly monitored by the AICTE, therefore, adorning us with a seal of quality that matches national as well as global standards. We are accredited by NAAC, which makes us follow a regulatory framework of high quality.
Our excellent industry connections enable us to conduct a myriad of events and activities, such as internships, seminars, webinars, workshops, project works, and industry visits. This allows students to bridge the gap between theoretical and practical learning and provides them with the opportunity to evaluate the feasibility of theories in the real world. This makes our BBA college stand out.
AICTE, being a globally recognized body, provides its affiliated institutions with a proper stamp of credibility, allowing students to explore various educational and professional opportunities in India, as well as abroad. It also increases the employability of students, as esteemed government and private bodies trust students who have graduated from an AICTE approved college.
We allow and train students to indulge in extensive networking opportunities, thereby further augmenting their employability skills.
AICTE approved BBA courses allow students to transfer credits to other approved institutions, thus ensuring a seamless educational journey.
We provide extreme placement and training to students in order to make them job-ready. We conduct specialized communication and grooming classes, and also coding classes, so that our students become ready to face group discussions, personal interviews, etc., making our BBA college a preferred choice.
We also provide state-of-the-art laboratory facilities to students to foster creative thinking and innovative ideation as part of our Bachelor of Business Administration course.
We provide students with excellent placement opportunities, making BBA admission at our institution a gateway to a successful career.

An undergraduate degree in Bachelor of Business Administration (BBA) is the foremost stepping stone for those who wish to create a niche for themselves in business innovation and strategy. The BBA course, comprising modules on Management, Marketing, Finances, Human Resources, Economics, Law, Statistics, and others, provides a holistic overview of business to students, thereby allowing them to hone and strengthen their acumen. BCA (Bachelor of Computer Applications), on the other hand, is an undergraduate degree program that focuses on computer applications and software development. The BCA course typically covers subjects such as programming languages, database management, computer networks, software engineering, web development, and computer architecture.

However, in an era as competitive as the 21st Century, it is not only imperative for students to undertake an appropriate degree but to also choose the institution with utmost caution. Students should be self-actualized regarding their decisions and strategize their education in such a manner that would propel them toward holistic education and adequate career opportunities in the future.

BBA admissions and BCA admissions require careful consideration, especially in selecting institutions that are AICTE approved. Students must ensure that the degree is well-recognized by leading authorities across India and the globe. In this regard, institutions approved and accredited by the All India Council for Technical Education (AICTE) beckon the trust of students.

The advantages of attaining a BBA and BCA degree from an AICTE approved institution:

The process of education, including infrastructure, learning methods, and qualified faculty members offered by these institutions, is thoroughly monitored by the AICTE. This monitoring adorns them with a seal of quality that matches national and global standards. Most AICTE approved institutions also hold accreditations from credible authorities, such as the NAAC and the NBA, ensuring they follow a high-quality regulatory framework.
The curricula followed by the AICTE approved institutions are carefully crafted according to the demands of the 21st Century and are regularly reviewed and updated. This keeps the BBA course and BCA course relevant, preparing students to face empirical challenges and tackle real-life situations.
Institutions approved by the AICTE possess excellent industry connections, enabling them to conduct a myriad of events and activities such as internships, seminars, webinars, workshops, project works, and industry visits. This approach helps bridge the gap between theoretical and practical learning, providing students with the opportunity to evaluate the feasibility of theories in the real world.
The AICTE, being a globally recognized body, provides its affiliated institutions with a proper stamp of credibility. This allows students to explore various educational and professional opportunities in India and abroad. It also increases employability, as esteemed government and private bodies trust students who have graduated from AICTE approved institutions.
AICTE approved institutions also offer students extensive networking opportunities, further augmenting their employability skills.
AICTE approved degrees allow students to transfer credits to other approved institutions, ensuring a seamless educational journey.

Why should you NOT pursue a BBA or a BCA degree from an institution without AICTE approval:

Institutions functioning without AICTE approval often do not follow a regulatory framework and are, therefore, prone to infrastructural issues and a lack of qualified staff members.
Government bodies and other reputed private organizations do not recognize degrees obtained from institutions not affiliated with the AICTE. This drastically reduces the chances for students to get employed.
Degrees offered by non-AICTE approved institutions are not recognized on a global level.
Credits from unapproved institutions cannot be transferred.

In B.Tech electrical engineering, the fundamental pillars of modern technology are intricately tied to microprocessor and microcontroller systems. These powerful components serve as the heartbeat of numerous electronic devices, making them indispensable in the curriculum for aspiring engineers.

Let’s delve into the fascinating world of microprocessor and microcontroller technology and explore the key aspects that make them quintessential for engineering students.

Understanding the Basics

At the core of electronic systems, a microprocessor acts as the brain, processing instructions and executing tasks. On the other hand, a microcontroller is a compact integrated circuit that combines the functions of a microprocessor with peripheral devices like timers, counters, and memory. Both are vital in the electrical engineering curriculum, offering a foundational understanding of computing and control systems.

**An Engineering student working with a microprocessor**

Applications in Real-World Systems

B.Tech electrical engineering students encounter these technologies in various applications, from embedded systems in consumer electronics to industrial automation. Microprocessors drive the functionality of computers, while microcontrollers power everyday devices like washing machines, microwave ovens, and even the electronic control units in automobiles. The practical exposure to these systems is invaluable for engineering students entering diverse industries.

Programming Paradigms

An essential skill for electrical engineering students is mastering the programming languages associated with microprocessors and microcontrollers. Learning languages like “Assembly” and “C” is more than just an academic exercise; it is a gateway to effectively communicate with these embedded systems. This proficiency empowers students to design and optimise algorithms, enhancing their problem-solving capabilities.

Innovation and Integration

As technology advances, the integration of microprocessors and microcontrollers becomes more sophisticated. Electrical engineering students are at the forefront of this evolution, exploring innovations like Internet of Things (IoT) devices, where these components play a pivotal role. The ability to adapt and integrate these technologies into emerging fields positions students for success in a rapidly changing technological landscape.

Hands-on Experience

The practical application of theoretical knowledge is crucial in engineering education. B.Tech electrical engineering students benefit immensely from hands-on projects involving microprocessors and microcontrollers. Whether designing a smart home system or an autonomous robot, these projects provide a tangible connection between classroom learning and real-world implementation.

**Embracing microprocessor technology with hand-on experience**

In conclusion, a solid grasp of microprocessor and microcontroller technology is paramount for B.Tech electrical engineering students aiming to navigate the complexities of modern electronic systems. The fusion of theoretical understanding, programming proficiency, and hands-on experience equips students with the skills to drive innovation and excel in diverse industries.

OmDayal Group of Institutions: Shaping Future Innovators

Since its establishment in 2010, OmDayal Group of Institutions has remained committed to fostering the next generation of innovative architects and engineers. Renowned as one of the foremost electrical engineering departments in West Bengal’s private engineering colleges, the Department of Electrical Engineering is affiliated with Maulana Abul Kalam Azad University of Technology (MAKAUT).

Our students have worked on a project integrating gesture manual and voice control into a robotic car. By combining gesture recognition technology with voice commands, they created a robotic car that responds seamlessly to the user’s movements and vocal instructions. The gesture manual control aspect involves using sensors to detect and interpret hand gestures, enabling the user to direct the car’s movement effortlessly. Simultaneously, incorporating voice control introduces a convenience layer, allowing users to navigate, command, and interact with the robotic car using spoken instructions.

For more insights into West Bengal’s premier electrical engineering program, click the following link.

For more information, visit https://omdayal.com.

References:

In the dynamic engineering industry, staying abreast of cutting-edge technologies is not just an option but a necessity for B.Tech mechanical engineering students. One such ground breaking field that has seen remarkable advancements in recent years is welding technology. As we delve into the intricacies of advanced welding techniques, it becomes evident that these innovations are shaping the present and charting the course for the future of mechanical engineering.

Advanced welding technologies are at the forefront of enhancing efficiency, precision, and durability in various industries. B.Tech mechanical engineering students keen on staying ahead should pay close attention to these transformative developments.

Automation and Robotics Integration

Automation has become a buzzword in the industrial landscape, and welding is no exception. Advanced welding techniques leverage robotics for precision and consistency in welding tasks. B.Tech mechanical engineering students exploring this realm will find that automation increases productivity and minimises errors, resulting in high-quality welds.

Laser Welding Precision

Laser welding has emerged as a game-changer in the field of advanced manufacturing. This technique utilises laser beams to melt and fuse metals with unparalleled precision. B.Tech mechanical engineering students can appreciate the significance of laser welding in applications where intricate designs and minimal heat-affected zones are critical.

3D Printing in Welding

The convergence of 3D printing and welding opens up new dimensions in manufacturing. This innovative approach allows for creating complex geometries, enabling B.Tech mechanical engineering students to design and fabricate components that were once deemed challenging or impossible. This amalgamation of technologies not only fosters creativity but also optimises material usage.

Augmented Reality (AR) in Welding Training

Training in welding has traditionally been hands-on, but advanced technology transforms the learning experience. Augmented Reality (AR) is being employed to simulate welding scenarios, providing B.Tech mechanical engineering students with a virtual environment to practice and refine their skills. This not only enhances safety during training but also accelerates the learning curve.

IoT-enabled Welding Equipment

The Internet of Things (IoT) has permeated various sectors, and welding is embracing this connectivity revolution. IoT-enabled welding equipment allows real-time monitoring of parameters such as temperature, pressure, and voltage. B.Tech mechanical engineering students engaging with this technology gain insights into predictive maintenance, ensuring the longevity and reliability of welding equipment.

Thus, advanced welding technology is a treasure trove of opportunities for B.Tech mechanical engineering students. Embracing these innovations prepares students for the demands of modern industries and positions them as pioneers in shaping the future of mechanical engineering. As we witness the fusion of precision, automation, and connectivity, the B.Tech mechanical engineering landscape is set to be revolutionised by the transformative power of advanced welding technologies.

Pioneering Excellence with Exciting Projects

Our students have undertaken a project focused on the experimental investigation of microstructure and mechanical properties of laser-welded sheets, representing a commendable initiative in materials science and engineering. This project involves a meticulous exploration into the intricate details of the weld joint’s microstructure, aiming to understand the structural changes induced by laser welding.

The students would delve into the crystalline arrangement, grain boundaries, and any potential defects within the welded sheets, employing advanced microscopy techniques. Simultaneously, the project would rigorously assess the mechanical properties of the welds, such as tensile strength, hardness, and flexibility, providing valuable insights into the weld’s structural integrity. This hands-on endeavour enhances the students’ practical skills in experimental techniques. It contributes valuable data to the broader field of welding technology, fostering a deeper comprehension of the relationship between microstructure and mechanical performance in laser-welded materials.

OmDayal Group of Institutions: Fostering Innovation in Education

In 2010, the OmDayal Group of Institutions was established to realise the potential of aspiring architects and engineers. Celebrated for its exceptional engineering and architecture programmes aligned with MAKAUT (Maulana Abul Kalam Azad University of Technology), this institution has etched its mark on education.

With NAAC recognition and the approval of AICTE and COA, the OmDayal Group of Institutions unfolds a comprehensive academic expedition. With an experienced faculty and a nurturing academic environment, it forges the path for imminent triumphs.

For more information, visit https://omdayal.com.

References:

B.Tech in Computer Science is transforming the landscape of modern healthcare. The fusion of cutting-edge technology and medical science has revolutionised many fields, including cardiology. It equips individuals to cultivate technical prowess and offers a bridge to enhance healthcare practices and patient care.

In this blog, let’s delve into the remarkable ways in which B.Tech in Computer Science students can contribute towards a new era of innovation within the realm of cardiology.

**Innovation at the Intersection of Technology and Medicine**

The Intersection of Technology and Cardiology

A B.Tech in Computer Science graduate’s journey starts with mastering computational algorithms, data analysis, and programming languages. When applied to heart health, this technical expertise unveils vital insights that help analyse data, enhance medical imaging, and refine diagnostics. These insights become a potent tool in the hands of cardiologists.

Revolutionising Diagnosis and Treatment

In the field of cardiology, accurate and timely diagnosis are of utmost importance. B.Tech graduates bring a fresh perspective by developing innovative software solutions that aid in the early detection of cardiac anomalies. From designing algorithms that analyse electrocardiograms (ECGs) for irregular patterns to creating predictive models that assess cardiovascular risks, their contribution paves the way for swift intervention and precise treatment plans.

**Precision in Medicine Enabled by Computer Science**

Data-Driven Precision in Medicine

Individuals who opt for B.Tech in Computer Science admission are interested in harnessing the power of big data. Applying their knowledge to cardiology helps create personalised treatment regimens. By analysing extensive patient records, genetic data, and lifestyle factors, these specialists assist cardiologists in tailoring interventions that cater to individual needs. This data-driven approach maximises treatment efficacy, ultimately improving health outcomes.

Enhancing Medical Imaging and Visualisation

When computer science meets cardiology, it takes the form of advanced medical imaging techniques. B.Tech in Computer Science graduates bring their talents and help in medically studying patients with projects like creating three-dimensional reconstructions of the heart, aiding cardiologists in visualising intricate structures and identifying anomalies. Advanced facilities like these minimise invasive procedures, reduce risks, and enhance the precision of surgical interventions.

Pioneering Wearable Technology

The development of wearable technology has redefined how patients and physicians interact with healthcare. These devices play an influential role in empowering individuals to take care of their hearts and provide cardiologists with real-time data for accurate monitoring and diagnosis.

Collaboration of B.Tech in Computer Science and cardiology

The convergence of Computer Science and cardiology has created a symbiotic relationship between technology and medical expertise. Cardiologists gain access to tools that amplify their diagnostic accuracy, treatment efficacy, and research capabilities.

On the other hand, students find a fulfilling avenue to apply their technical skills to real-world challenges, contributing to the betterment of healthcare.

In conclusion, in the ever-evolving landscape of medicine, the role of engineering in the field of cardiology is increasingly indispensable. This convergence will continue to yield breakthroughs that redefine the possibilities of cardiac care.

**The Future of Medicine is powered by Code**

OmDayal Group of Institutions: Unleashing Potential in Education

The OmDayal Group of Institutions was established in 2010 with the aim to unlock the potential of aspiring architects and engineers. They are widely recognised for their exceptional engineering and architecture programs in alignment with MAKAUT (Maulana Abul Kalam Azad University of Technology).

Backed by NAAC acknowledgement and endorsed by AICTE and COA, the OmDayal Group of Institutions offers a comprehensive academic experience. With dedicated faculty and a supportive learning system, they pave the path to a successful future.

Our Computer Science and Engineering students are involved in exciting project topics, like ‘Heart Disease Prediction using DBSCAN clustering’, where the students dive into heart disease prediction and analyse a dataset for valuable insights on feature correlations and weightage. Their focus is pinpointing the likelihood of severe heart issues. These projects enable students with a B.Tech in Computer Science degree to unleash their potential, driving industry evolution and fostering a healthier tomorrow.

Follow this link for more details about West Bengal’s leading computer science & engineering programme.

For more information, visit https://omdayal.com.

References:

In the field of B.Tech mechanical engineering, a fascinating process is crucial in various industries: oil-water separation. This process, often taken for granted, involves intricate scientific principles that underpin its efficiency and significance.

This blog will explore the science behind oil-water separation, highlighting its importance and applications in B.Tech mechanical engineering.

**Separating the essential from the harmful**

Understanding Oil-Water Separation

Though seemingly incompatible, oil and water often coexist in industrial processes. The challenge lies in efficiently separating these two immiscible liquids to ensure environmental compliance, efficient machinery operation, and optimal product quality.

At its core, oil-water separation relies on the differences in density, viscosity, and surface tension between the two liquids. Engineers leverage these properties to design separation techniques that capitalise on the unique behaviours exhibited by oil and water.

Principles at Play

Students quickly become acquainted with oil-water separation principles. Gravity is harnessed through techniques like gravity settling and hydrocyclone separation. These methods exploit the density disparity between oil and water, allowing them to segregate naturally.

Moreover, coalescence and flotation contribute to separation processes. Coalescence involves merging droplets of one liquid suspended in another, forming larger entities that are easier to separate. Conversely, flotation exploits variations in surface affinities, compelling either oil or water to adhere to bubbles, thus facilitating separation.

**Efficient oil-water separation in action**

Applications in B.Tech Mechanical Engineering

From automotive manufacturing and metal processing to wastewater treatment and offshore oil production, mastering effective separation techniques is indispensable.

Students knowledgeable about oil-water separation are well-prepared to tackle challenges in equipment design, process optimisation, and environmental sustainability across these industries.

Innovation and Future Trends

As technology evolves, so do the methods used in oil-water separation. Advanced techniques like membrane filtration and electrocoagulation are gaining traction. These methods offer enhanced efficiency, reduced environmental impact, and broader applicability, further underscoring the evolving nature of this field.

In conclusion, the science behind oil-water separation is a testament to the intricate harmony between scientific principles and real-world applications. As students delve into the complexities of density, viscosity, and surface tension, they unlock the potential to revolutionise industries and contribute to a more sustainable future. With a solid understanding of oil-water separation, graduates are poised to make remarkable strides in engineering innovation.

**Clean water, clear conscience: the result of effective separation**

OmDayal Group of Institutions: Embracing Excellence in Education

Our B.Tech mechanical engineering students are involved in exciting project topics, including ‘The extraction of oil from the surface of water’. As they delve into the complexities of density, viscosity, and surface tension during engaging projects, they grasp the theoretical underpinnings and gain hands-on experience. It empowers them to unlock the potential to revolutionise industries and contribute to a more sustainable future.

For more information, visit https://omdayal.com.

References:

In recent years, mechanical engineering has taken significant strides in improving the safety of transportation systems. Among these innovations, the Hyperloop system stands out as a revolutionary mode of transportation that promises speed and enhanced safety features.

In this blog, we will explore how advancements in mechanical engineering contribute to the improved safety of Hyperloop systems.

Redefining Transportation with Hyperloop

Imagine a mode of transportation that propels you at near-supersonic speeds through a network of near-vacuum tubes. This is the Hyperloop — a visionary idea that promises to revolutionise how we travel.

Hyperloop’s innovative propulsion relies on magnetic levitation—a simple yet ground-breaking concept. This idea involves suspending and propelling a vehicle atop a track constructed with permanent or temporary magnets.

Developed by innovators and engineers, the Hyperloop envisions sleek capsules gliding effortlessly on a cushion of air, slashing travel times and reducing environmental impact. With speeds potentially reaching over 700 miles per hour (1,120 kilometres per hour), the Hyperloop seeks to make the world more connected, turning distant cities into mere minutes away.

**Concept of magnetic levitation train in a tunnel**

Safety by Design in Hyperloop Systems

In the ambitious pursuit of pushing transportation boundaries, every element of Hyperloop technology is meticulously crafted with safety at its core. From the capsule’s aerodynamic design to the fail-safe systems, every aspect is engineered not just to meet but exceed the most stringent safety standards.

The Hyperloop system prioritises safety by utilising state-of-the-art monitoring and control systems. These systems perform real-time checks on tube pressure, pod speed, and various critical parameters to guarantee the well-being of passengers and cargo.

Advanced Materials for Structural Integrity

One of the critical aspects of Hyperloop safety is the use of advanced materials. These materials offer exceptional strength, durability, and resistance to wear and tear. Incorporating such materials ensures that the Hyperloop’s structure remains robust and secure, even in extreme conditions.

Precision Engineering and Maintenance

The Hyperloop relies on the expertise of mechanical engineers to ensure flawless operations. Through routine maintenance and diligent inspections, they detect and address potential issues, ensuring the system runs at peak efficiency and safety.

**Designed for speed, safety and precision**

Fail-Safe Mechanisms

Implementing fail-safe mechanisms is a testament to the safety-first approach of Hyperloop technology. Expertise has led to the development of backup systems and fail-safes that can swiftly take control in unforeseen circumstances.

Safety Protocols and Emergency Response

Mechanical engineers are instrumental in establishing comprehensive safety protocols and emergency response plans for Hyperloop systems. These protocols cover everything from passenger safety to system shutdown procedures, ensuring a swift and effective response to any emergency.

Avishkar Hyperloop: Pioneering High-Speed Travel

Avishkar Hyperloop, a student team from the Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Madras, took part in the SpaceX Hyperloop Pod Competition – an initiative led by SpaceX and Tesla CEO Elon Musk. This global competition aimed to foster the growth of high-speed transportation technology, specifically by developing hyperloop pods.

Among the participants, Avishkar Hyperloop was one of the teams that successfully designed and constructed a prototype hyperloop pod. Their efforts stand as a shining example of the incredible possibilities that lie ahead in high-speed travel.

Engineering the safety of high-speed travel

In summary, mechanical engineering is paramount in enhancing the safety of Hyperloop systems. Employing innovative design, advanced materials, precise engineering, fail-safe mechanisms, and stringent safety protocols, mechanical engineers stand at the forefront, shaping the Hyperloop into a secure and efficient mode of transportation for tomorrow.

As engineering continues to evolve and refine its contributions to Hyperloop technology, we can anticipate even more significant strides in safety, further solidifying the Hyperloop’s place as a game-changer in transportation.

**Concept of a Hyperloop train moving across a landscape**

OmDayal Group of Institutions: Elevating Educational Standards

OmDayal Group of Institutions has been steadfast in its mission to nurture innovative architects and engineers since its establishment in 2010.

The Department of Mechanical Engineering is one of the most prestigious mechanical engineering departments in West Bengal’s private Engineering Colleges. Affiliated with Maulana Abul Kalam Azad University of Technology (MAKAUT), its reputation among mechanical engineering departments is unmatched.

The students have advanced theoretical knowledge, transforming classroom concepts into real-world marvels. From sustainable structures to cutting-edge infrastructure solutions, their projects reflect their dedication to shaping a better future. These projects are based on remarkable developments including “An investigation in improved safety of Hyperloop System”.

Follow this link for more details about West Bengal’s leading mechanical engineering programme.

References:

Automatic Power Factor Correction (APFC) is a technology used in electrical engineering to manage and improve the power factor of an electrical load. The power factor measures how efficiently electrical power is used in a system. It is the ratio of real power (in watts) to apparent power (in volt-amperes), and it indicates how effectively the current is being converted into useful work.

In this blog, we explore APFC and highlight its significance in electrical engineering.

**Transforming inefficiency to precision**

The Significance of Automatic Power Factor Correction

APFC holds tremendous importance in electrical engineering for several reasons:

Energy Efficiency: APFC systems improve the power factor, meaning less reactive power needs to be generated and transmitted. This reduces energy losses in power distribution systems and more efficient electrical power utilisation.

Reduced Energy Costs: Many utility companies charge industrial and commercial consumers based on their power factor. A poor power factor results in higher electricity bills due to low power factor consumption penalties. APFC systems can help avoid these penalties by maintaining a high power factor.

Optimal Resource Utilisation: APFC systems allow electrical systems to operate efficiently. By reducing the need for reactive power generation, utilities can allocate their resources more effectively, leading to cost savings and better grid management.

Improved Voltage Regulation: Power factor correction can improve voltage regulation in distribution systems. Voltage drops caused by reactive power consumption are minimised, ensuring that connected equipment operates within specified voltage limits.

Extended Equipment Life: Inductive loads with poor power factor draw excess current from the supply, causing additional stress on electrical equipment like motors, transformers, and cables. By improving the power factor, these loads can operate with reduced current, potentially extending the lifespan of equipment.

Capacity Release: Power factor correction can free up capacity in distribution systems. Improved power factor reduces the current flowing through the system, allowing more loads to be connected without overloading the infrastructure.

Environmental Impact: APFC systems contribute to environmental sustainability by reducing energy losses and decreasing the need for excessive power generation. This can lead to lower greenhouse gas emissions associated with electricity production.

Compliance with Regulations: Many countries have regulations or standards requiring certain industrial facilities to maintain a specified power factor. APFC systems help industries meet these requirements and avoid legal consequences.

Reliability and Stability: By maintaining a balanced power factor, APFC systems contribute to electrical grids’ overall stability and reliability. Uncontrolled reactive power can lead to voltage fluctuations and instability.

In essence, automatic power factor correction is a critical aspect of modern electrical engineering that contributes to energy efficiency, cost savings, improved equipment performance, and overall power distribution and consumption sustainability.

OmDayal Group of Institutions: Redefining Global Education Standards

Elevating education since its inception in 2010, the OmDayal Group of Institutions has been a torchbearer for aspiring architects and engineers. The institution stands as a testament to excellence, offering a spectrum of engineering and architectural courses endorsed by MAKAUT (Maulana Abul Kalam Azad University of Technology). Having NAAC accreditation, along with the stamp of approval from AICTE and COA for its Architecture and Engineering programs, this institution paves the way for knowledge-seekers.

At the forefront of electrical engineering advancements, our students are orchestrating remarkable feats. Notably, their project on “Auto Power Factor Correction” is emerging as a standout initiative, garnering substantial attention.

For more information, visit https://omdayal.com.

References:

When pursuing a career in civil engineering, the foundation of your success lies in selecting the best civil engineering course. A well-crafted civil engineering curriculum is pivotal in shaping the educational experience for aspiring engineers.

Such a curriculum should seamlessly blend theoretical knowledge with hands-on practical applications, fostering a comprehensive understanding of the field.

In this blog, we will walk you through the essential considerations in selecting the best civil engineering course that sets you on a path of remarkable achievements.

**Begin a journey that culminates in lucrative opportunities with civil engineering**

Why choosing the Best Civil Engineering Course matters

Choosing the best civil engineering course sets the stage for your future as a skilled engineer.

First and foremost, it should have a strong foundation in core subjects like structural analysis, geotechnical engineering, transportation, and environmental engineering. These subjects form the bedrock of civil engineering and equip students with the essential skills to address real-world challenges.

Accreditation and Recognition

Begin your search by evaluating the accreditation and recognition of the institutions offering civil engineering courses. Look for programmes accredited by relevant engineering bodies, ensuring the curriculum meets industry standards. Accreditation enhances the value of your degree and opens a broader range of job opportunities.

Specialisations Offered

Civil engineering is a diverse field with various specialisations, including structural, environmental, transportation, and more. Consider your interests and career aspirations when choosing a course. Opt for the best civil engineering course that offers a specialisation aligned with your goals, allowing you to delve deeper into your chosen area of expertise.

Faculty and Industry Expertise

The expertise of the faculty members is a significant factor in determining the best civil engineering course. Industry professionals who bring real-world experiences into the classroom can offer valuable insights and practical knowledge that enrich your learning.

Furthermore, a well-rounded curriculum should incorporate emerging technologies like Building Information Modeling (BIM), sustainable design principles, and computer-aided design (CAD) tools. Keeping pace with industry trends ensures graduates have the latest tools and knowledge.

Interdisciplinary studies and soft skills development should not be overlooked. Collaborative projects with other engineering disciplines and communication skills training prepare graduates for multidisciplinary work environments.

**Gain industry expertise with expert guidance and mentorship**

Hands-on Learning and Research Opportunities

A robust civil engineering course goes beyond theoretical knowledge and incorporates hands-on learning experiences.

An emphasis on practical learning through laboratory sessions, field trips, and hands-on projects is crucial. Practical experience helps students bridge the gap between theory and real-world implementation, allowing them to develop problem-solving skills and creativity.

Aspiring engineering students should participate in field visits, industrial training, survey camp and project work to become industry ready.

Alumni Success and Industry Connections

The success stories of a programme’s alums can provide valuable insights into the course’s effectiveness. It is imperative to research where graduates of the programme are employed and the positions they hold. Additionally, consider the programme’s industry connections, as collaborations with reputable companies and organisations can lead to internships, networking opportunities, and potential job placements.

Read our blog to learn more about the importance of networking and industry connections.

For tips to secure engineering internships, read our blog.

**Make connections that catapult you towards success**

In conclusion, the best civil engineering curriculum balances theoretical knowledge, practical experience, technological integration, and interdisciplinary learning. It prepares students to become adept problem solvers, innovative thinkers, and well-rounded professionals ready to make meaningful contributions to civil engineering.

OmDayal Group of Institutions: Elevating Educational Standards

OmDayal Group of Institutions has been steadfast in its mission to nurture innovative architects and engineers since its establishment in 2010.

The Department of Civil Engineering stands as one of the most prestigious civil engineering departments in West Bengal’s private Engineering Colleges. Affiliated with Maulana Abul Kalam Azad University of Technology (MAKAUT), its reputation among civil engineering departments is unmatched.

Most of these projects are based on novel concepts, including:

– Rooftop rainwater harvesting by recycling methods

– The application of GPS technology in existing metro projects and a review of its future scope in metro railway systems in India.

Follow this link for more details about West Bengal’s leading civil engineering programme.

References:

Securing admission for electrical engineering is the first step towards a promising career filled with innovation and technological marvels.

This blog will guide you through valuable strategies to ensure you make the most of your electrical engineering admission and set the stage for a successful academic and professional future.

Embrace the Foundation

Your admission for electrical engineering marks the beginning of a rigorous learning experience. Ensure you have a firm grasp of fundamental mathematics and physics concepts, as they form the foundation of your studies. Building a solid base will make complex topics easier to grasp, giving you a significant advantage throughout your academic journey.

**Explore a career wired for innovation with Electrical Engineering**

Engage in Practical Learning

Beyond textbooks and lectures, hands-on experience is invaluable. Seek out laboratory sessions, workshops, and projects that allow you to apply theoretical knowledge to real-world situations. Practical learning deepens your understanding and demonstrates your commitment to the field.

Leverage Resources

Your institution is a treasure trove of resources. Professors, research facilities, and peer groups can significantly enrich your educational experience. Do not hesitate to contact your professors for guidance and explore opportunities for research projects. Collaboration and networking can open doors to internships, co-op programs, and industry connections.

**Engineering students can fine-tune their skills with guidance**

Stay Updated

Electrical engineering is a rapidly evolving field. Stay up-to-date with the latest advancements, trends, and breakthroughs. Follow industry publications, attend seminars, and participate in webinars. Demonstrating your knowledge of current developments will set you apart as a proactive and informed student.

Time Management and Balance

Balancing coursework, projects, and personal life is essential. Effective time management will prevent burnout and ensure you stay motivated and productive. Join student organizations related to electrical engineering to connect with peers who share your passion and interests, fostering a supportive community.

As you embark on your journey of admission for electrical engineering, remember that consistent effort and dedication will be your guiding light. Strive to excel academically, engage with the practical aspects of your field, and build a strong network. By embracing these strategies, you will be well on your way to making the most of your electrical engineering admission.

Remember, your admission for electrical engineering is just the beginning. Seize every opportunity, and let your journey be the spark that ignites your passion and success in this dynamic field.

**Gain expertise with hands-on learning**

OmDayal Group of Institutions: Embracing Excellence in Education

In 2010, the OmDayal Group of Institutions was founded to educate ambitious architects and engineers. The college is renowned for its top-notch engineering and architecture courses affiliated with MAKAUT (Maulana Abul Kalam Azad University of Technology). Accredited by NAAC and with AICTE and COA approval for its architecture and engineering courses, OmDayal Group of Institutions offers students a comprehensive learning experience. The institute offers a seasoned faculty and a supportive learning environment that lays the foundation for future success.

Our students are actively taking charge of achieving immense strides in electrical engineering. One remarkable project gaining traction is focused on “Three Phase Fault Detection Systems in Transmission Lines.” As the world leans towards sustainable and efficient energy solutions, fault detection remains at the core of reliable power distribution.

For more information on admission for electrical engineering, follow this link.

References:

Networking can open up new opportunities for career advancement, professional development, and personal growth. The engineering industry is a vast and constantly evolving field, and a strong network of peers and colleagues is imperative to stay ahead of the curve.

This article will explore the importance of networking in the engineering industry. You can start building your network while pursuing B.Tech and other engineering courses.

**You can unlock your engineering potential with the right connections**

Why networking is important

The engineering industry is highly specialised, with many different sub-disciplines and areas of expertise. To succeed as an engineer, it is crucial to stay current on the latest developments in your field and be aware of what your peers are working on. Networking helps you be informed about new opportunities to collaborate and work with like-minded individuals.

Benefits of networking

One of the most obvious benefits of networking in the engineering industry is meeting other engineers and learning from their experiences. By attending industry events and conferences, you can meet engineers working in different industry areas and learn about their projects and experiences. Furthermore, internships can help you gain a better understanding of the industry as a whole and can also provide you with insights into new developments and trends.

Another benefit of networking in the engineering industry is finding new career opportunities. Many engineers find new jobs in many roles, including data science, robotic engineering, and cloud computing, through their professional network through direct referrals or connections made at industry events. Expanding your network can increase your chances of finding new job opportunities and advancing your career while studying B.Tech.

Engineering courses can also help you build your network. By taking engineering courses at reputable colleges, you can meet and work with other aspiring engineers who share your interests and goals. This can help you build strong, long-lasting relationships that can be beneficial throughout your career. In addition to providing networking opportunities, studying B.Tech or taking engineering courses can also help you develop your technical skills and knowledge.

**Strong networks lead to stronger outcomes**

Of course, networking while pursuing B.Tech and engineering courses are just two of the many ways to build a strong career in engineering. Other strategies include attending industry conferences, participating in online forums and communities, and joining professional organizations.

Engaging with your local community is one of the most effective strategies to keep abreast of the latest developments in the engineering industry and expand your network. This may involve volunteering for engineering initiatives or organizations, attending community gatherings and meetings, or fostering relationships with other engineers in your vicinity. By building robust connections with your peers and colleagues, you can glean valuable insights and support to propel your career forward.

In conclusion, networking is essential in the engineering industry. Taking engineering courses in computer science can be an excellent way to build your network and stay up-to-date on the latest developments in the field. By attending industry events, volunteering, and participating in online communities, you can expand your network and gain valuable insights and support from your peers and colleagues. Whether you are a B.Tech student, a seasoned engineer, or just starting in the field, building a strong network is crucial for success in the engineering industry.

**Networking: The secret weapon to engineering success**

OmDayal Group of Institutions: Building a Legacy in Education

For more information, visit: https://omdayal.com.

References:

Engineering internships are a great way to gain practical experience, build your resume, and make valuable connections in the industry. However, landing excellent engineering internships can be daunting, especially if you are just starting your career. This blog will share some tips to help you land engineering internships.

Start early and be proactive

It is never too early to start looking for internships, so start exploring your options as soon as possible. Check out job boards, company websites, and career fairs for internship opportunities. Do not wait for companies to reach out to you; instead, be proactive and apply for as many internships as possible.

Network

Networking is crucial for landing a great engineering internship. Attend career fairs and networking events to meet people in the industry. Connect with alums from B.Tech colleges nearby and ask for their advice and guidance. Make sure also to utilise social media platforms like LinkedIn to expand your network.

Research companies

Before applying for any internship, research the companies you are interested in. Look at their websites, social media profiles, and news articles to learn about their culture, mission, and projects. This will aid you in making your resume and cover letter to their needs and demonstrate your interest in the company.

**Researching allows students find the best fit for their career development**

Tailor your resume and cover letter

Your resume and cover letter should showcase your skills and experience. Highlight relevant coursework, projects, or extracurricular activities demonstrating your knowledge and passion for the field. Customise your resume and cover letter for each company and position you apply.

Prepare for interviews

Once you have landed an interview, prepare thoroughly. Research the company and practice common interview questions. Dress professionally and arrive early. During the interview, be confident and articulate, and ask thoughtful questions about the company and position.

Consider local opportunities

If you are looking for internships, consider local opportunities. Look for firms, manufacturing companies, and research labs in your area. You may also want to consider government agencies or non-profits with suitable programs.

Be persistent

Landing an excellent engineering internship can be competitive, so keep going if you aren’t accepted to your first choice. Keep applying and networking, and continue to build your skills and experience through coursework, projects, and extracurricular activities.

**Persistence is necessary when finding sought after internships**

In conclusion, landing a great engineering internship requires persistence, networking, and preparation. Utilise these tips to enhance your chances of landing the internship that will help jumpstart your career. Remember to explore opportunities, connect with people in B.Tech colleges nearby, and tailor your application to showcase your passion and skills.

OmDayal Group of Institutions: Instilling Exceptionalism in Education

The OmDayal Group of Institutions was founded in 2010 to educate innovative architects and engineers. The college offers engineering and architecture courses affiliated with MAKAUT (Maulana Abul Kalam Azad University of Technology). It is accredited by NAAC, and the Architecture and Engineering courses are approved by AICTE and COA.

The students have access to a solid foundation, a vibrant learning environment, and knowledgeable instructors. The institute is associated with the West Bengal State Council for Technical and Vocational Education and Skill Development and offers Vocational Diploma programmes. It also provides flexible scheduling and on-the-job training in collaboration with the National Small Industries Corporation (NSIC), a government enterprise in India, to encourage better placements.

For more information, visit: https://omdayal.com.

References:

As an engineering student, having access to the right tools and resources enhances your learning experience. Fortunately, a wealth of online resources are available to aid your academic success in engineering courses. These resources can be invaluable in providing information on diverse topics like the Internet of Things (IoT), Artificial Intelligence (AI), Machine Learning, Robotics, Cloud Computing and 5G technology.

Students can improve their academic performance by properly understanding and applying these tools and resources. Some of the online resources that help you succeed in engineering courses are as follows:

Online Courses –

Online courses offer guidance and crucial information on various topics. Some of the most sought-after platforms are:

Coursera: Coursera offers a variety of courses, including programming courses from top universities.
edX: edX provides access to numerous engineering courses focusing on computer science and related subjects.
Khan Academy: Khan Academy provides free video tutorials and practice exercises in mathematics and science.

**Online course are popular among students trying to learn new skills**

Engineering Software –

Another critical resource for B.Tech students is engineering software, helping students with everything from Computer-Aided Design (CAD) to simulation and analysis. Some of the most widely used engineering software programs include:

AutoCAD: AutoCAD is a popular CAD design software that is widely used in engineering and related fields.
SolidWorks: SolidWorks is another widely used CAD design software.
MATLAB: MATLAB is a programming language and software environment used widely in engineering and other scientific fields.
ANSYS: ANSYS is a simulation and analysis software widely used.

**Engineering software help avoid errors and enhance accuracy**

Online Study Materials –

In addition to online courses, many online study materials are available to students across different subjects. B.Tech students can satisfy their curiosity and interest in exciting topics such as Big Data, Blockchain Technology and Quantum Computing. These resources provide access to textbooks, lecture notes, and research papers. Some popular online resources include:

MIT OpenCourseWare: MIT OpenCourseWare offers free access to lecture notes, videos, and other course materials for B.Tech students.
NPTEL: NPTEL is an initiative by the Indian Institutes of Technology (IITs) that offers free video lectures and course materials for computer science and other fields.
GitHub: GitHub provides access to a vast array of open-source software projects, which can help develop their skills and build their portfolios.

**Online study material help bridge knowledge gaps**

Study Groups

Finally, study groups can be a valuable resource. Joining a study group provides opportunities for collaboration, discussion, and sharing of resources. Study groups can help students stay motivated and accountable and can be a great way to build a network of peers.

In conclusion, engineering courses can be challenging, but with the right resources, B.Tech students can learn and succeed in their engineering courses. Online courses, engineering software, online study materials, and study groups are just a few resources to help B.Tech students succeed in their studies. By taking advantage of these resources, students can develop the skills and knowledge they need to thrive in engineering.

OmDayal Group of Institutions: Providing high-quality education

The OmDayal Group of Institutions was founded in 2010 to educate innovative architects and engineers. The institution provides engineering and architecture courses linked with MAKAUT (Maulana Abul Kalam Azad University of Technology). It is accredited by the NAAC, and the Architecture and Engineering programmes are authorised by the AICTE and COA. The pupils have a solid foundation thanks to the robust learning environment and knowledgeable staff.

The institute also provides flexible scheduling and on-the-job training in collaboration with the National Small Industries Corporation (NSIC), a Government of India enterprise, to improve placements. OmDayal Group of Institutions, a leading college in West Bengal, develops its students holistically as future professionals.

For more information, visit https://omdayal.com.

References:

Robotic engineering is the study of the design, production, and use of robots. As technology becomes more sophisticated, the use of robots is expected to increase since they are engineered to mimic human movements with higher accuracy and precision.

Robotic engineering requires knowledge and integrates various fields of engineering, including –

mechanical engineering;
electrical engineering;
bioengineering;
control engineering;
software engineering;

**Robotic engineering offers advancement in several fields**

The scope of robotics in India

In contemporary times, robotics encompasses the invention, construction, and deployment of robots that explore the planet, simplify medical procedures, and fulfil several diverse tasks. Some examples of its applications are as follows:

Healthcare: Robots can help transform the healthcare sector by making it more precise and accurate. It also introduces more innovation within the sector. For instance, in 2018, a cardiac surgeon performed a telerobotic surgery on a woman who was 32 kilometres away. In 2020, when COVID was at its peak, the AIIMS hospital in Delhi employed two robots to help with physical distancing between health workers and patients.

Education: The study of robotics has entered the education sector and offers diverse applications. For instance, a school in Hyderabad has introduced robots as teachers, which will help students understand technology and robotics from a young age and build interest.

Manufacturing: Manufacturing relies on many machines, with an increasing demand for further automation. Companies in India adopt the concept of ‘Industry 4.0’ mainly to fulfil the rise in demand for products. Industry 4.0 refers to using data, the internet of things (IoT), robots, AI, MI, and cloud services in industries for automation.
Career paths in the robotics field

The application of robotics can be found in almost every field and opens doors to several roles. Some of these roles include –

Robot design engineers
Robotics test engineers
Analysts
Senior robotics specialists
Quality assurance technicians
Aerospace robotics engineers
Automation programmers
Robotics system engineers
Robotics technicians

From manufacturing units to experimental robots for the medical, military, automotive sectors and everyday life, robotic engineering provides immense opportunities for young professionals to explore.

**Robotic engineering can be applied in the manufacturing industry**

Robotic Engineering – Latest innovations in India

India has showcased new developments within robotic engineering across multiple sectors. Some of the significant projects are as follows:

India’s first 3D-printed humanoid robot, Manav

With an in-built processor and pre-programmed sensors, Manav can walk and talk without the help of a laptop. It can also perform tasks with people controlling it from long distances.

RoboCop

The police department in Kerala employs a humanoid robocop as a Sub Inspector (SI). The robot has been deployed to handle front-office activities at the police headquarters, including greeting guests and directing them to appropriate locations.

There are many more such instances where robots have been employed in various sectors to help make the job easier, faster and more accurate. With improved innovations and everyone adopting the technology, the job roles in robotic engineering are only expected to rise in India.

**Robotic engineering is gaining momentum in India**

OmDayal Group of Institutions: Guiding the future generation

The OmDayal Group of Institutions was founded in 2010 to educate progressive architects and engineers. It provides engineering and architecture courses linked with MAKAUT (Maulana Abul Kalam Azad University of Technology). It is accredited by the NAAC, and the Architecture and Engineering programmes are approved by the AICTE and COA. The students have access to a solid foundation, a vibrant learning environment, and knowledgeable faculty.

The institute also offers on-job training in collaboration with the National Small Industries Corporation (NSIC), a government-owned enterprise in India, to assist in better placements. OmDayal Group of Institutions, a premier college in West Bengal, comprehensively prepares its students as future professionals.

For more information, visit https://omdayal.com.

Reference:

The Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO) is one of the world’s largest and most prestigious space agencies, well-known for its innovative programmes. It offers several challenging opportunities, from developing cutting-edge space research facilities to conceiving new technological avenues.

Many students aspire to pursue their careers with ISRO with engineering to fulfil their potential and contribute towards India’s space endeavours. However, they need guidance to understand the recruiting process of ISRO. In that regard, we will show you the educational path allowing you to join ISRO.

**Let your ambition take off with ISRO**

Why pursue a career in ISRO?

ISRO has grown tremendously in its research and missions and is deemed one of the world’s most prestigious organisations. From Chandrayan to the Mars Orbiter Mission (MOM), ISRO has brought India to the forefront of global aerospace. Joining an organisation such as ISRO allows you to learn from the best minds in the country and contribute to the nation’s development.

The job offers a perfect work-life balance due to its timing, decent salary, and huge perks. It also allows you to undertake postgraduation from the best institutes in the country, like the Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) and the Indian Institute of Science (IISc).

**Explore an exciting career while contributing towards the nation’s growth**

Educational background required for ISRO:

Students aspiring for career opportunities at ISRO must consider the following points to have the ideal educational background:

Study PCM after the 10th Standard.

During high school, students interested in ISRO must opt for the science stream and should focus on physics, chemistry, and maths (PCM).

Study Engineering after 12th Standard

Studying engineering is your best choice if you want to join ISRO after completing your secondary education. Students are required to earn a B.Tech or BE in one of many related engineering disciplines, including but not limited to computer science, mechanical engineering, radio engineering, aerospace engineering, electrical engineering, engineering physics, and related professions.

Pass the ICRB entrance exam after completion of engineering

To be eligible to take the ISRO Centralised Recruitment Board (ICRB) exam, a candidate must have earned a B.Tech or BE with a minimum of 65 per cent marks or 6.8 CGPA on a scale of ten in computer science, mechanical engineering, radio engineering, aerospace engineering, electrical engineering, engineering physics, or any other relevant discipline.

Before moving on to the personal interview, candidates must first pass the offline national-level written exam. After these procedures are completed, the candidates’ combined scores from the written exam and the interview will be used to determine their final rankings on the All India Merit List. Successful applicants who score over the ISRO Final Cutoff will be invited to join the organisation.

Pursue a Master’s or PhD programme in Engineering

A Master’s degree (M.Sc., M.E., or M.Tech.) and a doctorate in a relevant field are options for individuals considering joining ISRO after graduation.

Written test and Personal Interview for recruitment after Master’s or PhD in Engineering

After completing the M.Tech programme, some of the best electives you can take include applied mathematics, geophysics, instrumentation, geo-informatics, etc. Direct applicants to the ISRO will undergo a two-stage selection process consisting of a written exam and an interview. After passing this, the candidates will be qualified to apply for a position as a scientist at ISRO.

ISRO offers scientists and engineers the opportunity to apply for positions as junior research fellows so that they can conduct research. The standards set by such an organisation are high, and the selection process to become a scientist there is highly competitive.

ISRO also keeps a “Live Register” open to PG/Ph.D. applicants with a relevant research background interested in working for the organisation. The registered candidates may be selected if a suitable post becomes available. ISRO also puts out advertisements to recruit individuals for various roles through written and aptitude exams sometimes. Depending on the nature of the job, different requirements & criteria may be in place, including age restrictions.

**Work together with the nation’s most gifted and talented minds**

OmDayal Group of Institutions: Pioneering Education

The OmDayal Group of Institutions was established in 2010 to educate forward-thinking architects and engineers. The college offers engineering and architectural courses approved by MAKAUT (Maulana Abul Kalam Azad University of Technology). It is accredited by NAAC, and the Architecture and Engineering courses are approved by AICTE and COA. The pupils have a solid foundation, a rich learning environment, and seasoned professors.

The institute also offers flexible scheduling and on-the-job training in collaboration with the National Small Industries Corporation (NSIC), a government-owned enterprise in India, to assist in better placements. OmDayal Group of Institutions, a preeminent college in West Bengal, develops its students as future professionals in a comprehensive manner.

For more information, visit https://omdayal.com.

References:

In the ever-evolving field of architecture, there is always a fresh, dazzling style to imitate or an exciting new trend to anticipate. Architecture is one of the few disciplines that has never attempted to be static. It is a rapidly developing field that accurately reflects the evolution of society as a whole.

The advent of Modernism in architecture

Modernism emerged in the early 20th century as a style emphasising volume, asymmetries, and minimal embellishments. It introduced an analytical approach to the function of structures, a rational use of materials, and an openness to structural innovation.

Modernism grew across many artistic disciplines, not just architecture, to accommodate and respond to new technologies, automation, and urban planning. The industrial revolution played a significant effect in the development of function-driven architecture.

Styles that emerged after Modernism

Some of the innovative styles that have established themselves after Modernism are as follows:

Parametric Buildings – As the name says, this style is characterised by the use of parametric design tools to produce structures that are created utilising parametric technologies and software. It is founded on the idea that all aspects of a structure are interconnected, and an external impact that alters one element affects all others.

It mixes beauty and usefulness to produce incredibly adaptive, dynamic, and even exceedingly intricate structures. Some examples include the Mueso Soumya (Mexico), Walt Disney Concert Hall (Los Angeles), and Canton Tower (Guangzhou).

Deconstructivism – Deconstructivism is a postmodern architectural movement that refers to the disintegration or destruction of a fully-built structure to generate a new one.

Several notable architects exhibit a style considered a kind of deconstructionism today. This style can be viewed as a means of “distorting” a building to produce “managed chaos.” The objective is to produce a completed whole by assembling multiple deconstructed sections. It has many admirers and has significantly impacted the world of architecture.

Blobitecture – Blobitecture is a subtype of postmodern architecture, characterised by curved and spherical building forms, also known as “blobs.” These buildings have a free-flowing and organic aspect that might be deceivingly basic. However, they are produced employing various materials and computer-aided design software.

This fashion has slowly gained popularity over the past many decades. The Guggenheim Museum in Bilbao, Spain, designed by Frank Gehry, is an example of Blobitecture.

Digital Morphogenesis – Inspired by their biological counterparts, morphogenetic designs can simultaneously support many functions. This movement has yet to reach its full potential and is advancing at a breakneck pace. Tom Wiscombe, an architect, incorporated the concept of digital morphogenesis into his design approach for the San Francisco Bus Terminal. He was motivated by the method through which algae grew and decided to apply it to this project, successfully combining biomimetic design.

Neo-Futurism – Neo-futurism is an avant-garde trend that draws inspiration from the future to construct architecturally innovative structures. These structures could resemble futuristic domes, sleek skyscrapers, or high-tech cityscapes. This style is primarily experimental and opposes traditional architecture’s rigid principles.

This movement aims to develop nonconformist, one-of-a-kind buildings using glass, aluminium, and steel materials. The structures may be angular, curved, complicated, or simple; there appears to be no restriction. This pattern has inspired the construction of several notable structures in the present day.

**The Haydar Aliyev Centre is a well-known example of neo-futurism**

Eco Architecture – Also known as sustainable architecture, this style strives to lessen the negative environmental impact of buildings systematically and deliberately. It incorporates eco-friendly technologies, materials, and methods. Solar panels, wind turbines, etc., and materials like trass, linoleum, recycled glass, sustainably obtained wood, vermiculite, bamboo, and recycled metals are promoted for usage in buildings. This style is here to stay and must be incorporated to make buildings more environmentally friendly.

In conclusion, as new technologies and methods keep emerging, architecture will continue to witness the rise of new styles. It would be interesting to see how the field will evolve and change due to the impact of these exciting and inspiring architectural styles.

**The Museum of Tomorrow – an example of eco architecture**

OmDayal Group of Institutions: Instilling exceptionalism in education

The students have access to a solid foundation, a vibrant learning environment, and knowledgeable instructors. The Institute is also associated with the West Bengal State Council for Technical and Vocational Education and Skill Development and offers Vocational Diploma programmes. It also provides flexible scheduling and on-the-job training in collaboration with the National Small Industries Corporation (NSIC), a government enterprise in India, to encourage better placements. OmDayal Group of Institutions, a leading college in West Bengal, develops its students holistically as future professionals.

For more information, visit: https://omdayal.com.

References:

With the dangers of climate change looming large on the horizon, architecture is reconsidering how to develop aesthetically pleasing buildings while reducing their environmental effects. Architects are deliberating about using sustainable materials in construction. In this regard, wood has emerged as an ideal choice when constructing skyscrapers.

**Wood is an eco-friendly material for construction**

The advantages of wooden construction

Wooden constructions are at the top of the trend scale, with wood emerging as the material of the future due to the increasing demand for ecocentric designs.

The advantages of using wood in urban construction are as follows:

Beneficial in employing significant human resources

Cross-laminated timber (CLT) panels are made by stacking and adhering layers of wood. Manufacturing these panels helps to house and employ many people in urban construction areas.

Light-weight material

Wood is a durable yet lightweight material that is relatively simple to use as a building material while significantly reducing costs. It is the most economically competitive and environmentally friendly alternative to concrete and steel. In reality, wood is the sole material capable of lowering emissions.

**CLT is light, sturdy and easy to use**

Using wood for constructing skyscrapers

Using wood to create a 125-metre-tall skyscraper might lower the building’s carbon footprint by as much as 75%. Since wood is robust enough to construct skyscrapers while sequestering large quantities of carbon, they are vital for addressing climate change.

Moreover, collaborative software solutions can automatically shape the CLT elements within a building. The software offers several tools for the automatic placement and modification of elements, as well as the automated creation of views, schedules, and shop drawings, which can be utilised to create automated production lines. It may also manage large-scale projects, particularly in the construction of wooden or wood skyscrapers, by making architects’ and engineers’ jobs easier. The work speed is an added benefit, reducing at least a few weeks of effort and providing architects and engineers with greater room for creativity.

Thus, CLT is a promising building material that could revolutionise how we view housing and can save the earth. Future obstacles consist primarily of convincing individuals that CLT is safe and reduces construction costs.

**Wooden constructions are on the rise**

OmDayal Group of Institutions: Establishing a legacy in education

The OmDayal Group of Institutions was established in 2010 to prepare forward-thinking architects and engineers. The college offers engineering and architecture courses affiliated with MAKAUT (Maulana Abul Kalam Azad University of Technology). It is accredited by NAAC, and the Architecture and Engineering courses are approved by AICTE and COA. The students receive a strong foundation for success, including a robust learning environment and experienced faculty.

The Institute is associated with the West Bengal State Council of Technical and Vocational Education and Skill Development and provides Vocational Diploma programmes. The National Small Industries Corporation (NSIC), a government enterprise in India, also provides on-the-job training and flexible scheduling to help find suitable candidates for employment. OmDayal Group of Institutions, a top university in West Bengal, provides students with a well-rounded education to help them succeed in their chosen careers.

For more information, visit: https://omdayal.com.

References:

Aerospace engineering is a specialised field that deals with all aspects of making and maintaining aerial vehicles, such as planes, missiles, satellites, and spacecraft. Since the aviation and space industry is expanding rapidly, qualified aerospace engineers will be in high demand across many sectors. An aeronautical engineer earns one of the top five salaries in engineering.

The stellar progress of the Indian aviation industry

India’s aviation industry is expanding rapidly. As a result of the growing popularity of air travel, India is now the world’s third-largest civil aviation market.

The growth of the India Space Program aims to teach the country how to use its space technology and create practical initiatives to help it reach its goals. India’s primary space objectives are in the realms of enhancing communications and weather forecasting. Remote sensing for agriculture, soil, mineral, and water resource management, and the improvement of distance education are also top priorities. This expanding market will require the establishment of new occupations requiring specialised knowledge.

**Aerospace engineering discussing innovation in satellite construction**

Aerospace engineering courses

Numerous schools in India, both public and private, offer aerospace engineering degrees. At the undergraduate level, students spend four years learning the fundamentals. Undergraduates receive a Bachelor of Engineering or a Bachelor of Technology, while graduate students can choose between a Master of Engineering, Master of Technology, or Master of Science.

Some Universities may also offer Short Term Courses as follows:

Introduction to Aviation Engineering
Avionics Design and Maintenance
Aircraft Electrical and Instrument Systems
Airframe Maintenance Procedures
Aircraft Systems
Fuel and Lubrication Management
Aero Engine Maintenance and Overhauling
Flight Safety and Airworthiness
Repair and Maintenance of Composite Aircraft Structures

**Indian aerospace engineer building a new engine prototype**

Job Roles in Career Opportunities for Aerospace Engineers

Aerospace engineering has a lot of room to grow. The future seems bright for India’s aeronautical endeavours, as the country now holds the record for the most satellites launched in a single mission. ISRO currently ranks sixth in the world. Aerospace engineers will be in demand in the future due to an allocated budget of over $1.5 billion.

Jobs for Aerospace Engineers in a variety of fields, including

Directors of Aircraft Production
Verification Procedures for Aircraft Designs
Validators for Mechanical Designs
Those Who Work Behind the Scenes as Technical Assistants
Professionals in Thermal Analysis and Design

Airlines and helicopter companies, the Indian Air Force, the Indian Space Research Organization, the Defence Research and Development Organization, aviation equipment manufacturers, and the Indian Space Science and Research Organization are only a few potential employers. Engineers working in aerospace will eventually reach new heights of success.

In conclusion, the aerospace engineering domain is lucrative, as it has tremendous job potential and fulfils the passion of those aspiring to pursue this as a dream job.

**Engineers experimenting with unmanned aerial vehicle design**

OmDayal Group of Institutions: Committed to High Standards in Education

The OmDayal Group of Institutions was established in 2010 to prepare progressive architects and engineers. The college offers engineering and architecture courses affiliated with MAKAUT (Maulana Abul Kalam Azad University of Technology). It is accredited by NAAC, and the Architecture and Engineering courses are approved by AICTE and COA. With a robust learning environment and experienced faculty, the students are equipped with a strong foundation. The Institute also offers Vocational Diploma courses and is affiliated with the West Bengal State Council of Technical and Vocational Education and Skill Development. It also offers flexible timing and on-job-training in partnership with National Small Industries Corporation (NSIC), Govt. of India Enterprise to facilitate better placements. A leading college in West Bengal, Om Dayal Group of Institutions holistically prepares its students as future professionals.

For more information, visit: https://omdayal.com.

References:

Engineering is the discipline of science and technology that focuses on the design, construction, and operation of machines, buildings, and engines. It is a fascinating career path for people who enjoy learning new things and working with machinery.

Engineers work on initiatives that help society, including creating clean and efficient transportation systems, discovering new energy sources, and improving living conditions in developing nations.

**Engineering promises a dynamic career path with immense possibilities**

Reasons why engineering is an exceptional career path

There are several reasons which make engineering a fantastic career option. These reasons are as follows:

Unparalleled technical knowledge – Engineering provides a comprehensive understanding of technology and its various applications. An active and vibrant study topic, it also offers lucrative career opportunities. In a sense, engineering always stays in style.

Multifaceted career launchpad – Engineering is one of the most reliable ways to launch a career. It offers a variety of fields, including telecommunications, electronics, computers, mechanical, and electrical. If desired, there can be career flexibility among the many fields. The field is expanding daily, with Cloud Computing, IoT, and AI providing new job opportunities.

Job security – Engineers are in high demand on the job market and are unaffected by economic downturns and recessions. They have the potential to bring technical expertise to the table and are assets to all organisations.

Job satisfaction – Profession satisfaction is crucial to any job and contributes to excellent mental health. It offers a stimulating, ever-changing workplace with fresh challenges.

**Engineering can build a solid foundation in mechanical & technical knowledge of technology**

Diverse career opportunities in Engineering

A job in engineering allows for creative thought, imaginative experimentation, and fascinating design and development. Engineers may have the chance to work in the construction, aeronautics, biomedical, software design, and textiles industries.

Since all engineering disciplines are interconnected, students can select a career path based on their experience and reasoning. Depending on their field of interest, a student might choose between Electrical and Computer Science, Environmental and Biomedical Engineering. The career provides the student with a great deal of flexibility and advantages. These advantages are:

Application beyond learning experience – Engineering is an application-based subject that allows students to get valuable knowledge outside the classroom. It involves a great deal of research, workshops, and rapidly developing technologies. It also cultivates knowledge that extends beyond what is taught in textbooks.

Further study options – After completing an undergraduate engineering degree, it is possible to pursue a postgraduate or doctoral degree. Higher education and upskilling make employment opportunities more lucrative. There are numerous areas of expertise to choose from and the potential to obtain a dual degree.

Combination of creativity and professionalism – Research and design require a great deal of creativity and originality. This opportunity in engineering, along with professionalism, offers an exciting place for an engineer’s career. Creativity, understanding of technology and the capacity to apply information are ideal qualities for a successful engineer.

In conclusion, engineering is not a degree but a combination of opportunities and a way of life. Engineers are the future changemakers, making engineering a lucrative and fulfilling professional path.

**Engineering is suitable for emerging career paths including cloud computing and AI**

OmDayal Group of Institutions: Establishing a Global Standard in Education

The OmDayal Group of Institutions was created in 2010 to educate progressive architects and engineers. The college offers engineering and architectural courses approved by MAKAUT (Maulana Abul Kalam Azad University of Technology). It is accredited by the NAAC, and the Architecture and Engineering programmes are authorised by the AICTE and the COA. Students have a solid foundation due to the dynamic learning environment and knowledgeable staff.

In addition, the university offers flexible scheduling and on-the-job training in collaboration with the National Small Industries Corporation (NSIC), a Government of India enterprise, to aid in better employment.

For more information, visit https://omdayal.com.

References:

Architecture deals with the art and science of building design and construction. It defines the physical environment in which people participate and thrive. However, architecture is more than just the built environment; it is also an integral element of our culture. It is a reflection of how we perceive ourselves and the world. Thus, studying architecture teaches us much more than how to create structures and buildings.

As a minimum qualification, architects must have a professional degree in architecture from an approved university. Students may pursue further study, including a Postgraduate or Doctorate programme or participate in research programmes to expand their knowledge and competence.

Reasons why you should study architecture

The reasons for pursuing this rewarding and demanding profession are as follows:

Architecture is a creative field.

Architects spend a great deal of time innovating and making drawings, paintings, design forms, 3D computer drawings, and pictures. The study of architecture enables and rewards both creative and analytical thinking. The logic of mathematics is essential for an architect, as they must calculate floor areas and plot areas to transform sketches into actual structures and spaces therein. This logic can be developed and applied through extensive practice and learning exercises.

Architects develop excellent problem-solving and analytical skills.

Architects build problem-solving and analytical skills when striving to comprehend the numerous parts of a building’s necessities, design elements, structural elements, services and aesthetics. Architects can transmute their problem-solving and analytic abilities to tackle the most complex challenges in their jobs.

**With practice, architects can understand complex architectural forms**

Architecture encourages travel.

Architects travel to learn about new concepts, locations, and structure designs, such as cathedrals, monuments, palaces, castles, pagodas, domes, and other forms of architecture, and also about the history, culture and building practices. They are inspired by the angles and light effects of buildings, as well as the shape of buildings. An architect is an avid traveller who learns from the architectural styles that differ from region to region.

Architecture is an excellent option for team players and extroverts.

Architecture is an excellent career choice for extroverts and individuals who enjoy working in a group. The field emphasises teamwork because projects must be completed collaboratively, and diverse domains and skills come together to reach a consensus on creating architectural marvels.

**Architects are excellent team players and work well in groups**

Architecture encourages innovation and uniqueness.

The architecture supports innovation and originality since students must examine problems from various perspectives and develop original solutions. There is always something novel to discover and explore.

Architecture is a constantly evolving field.

Architecture is an ever-changing field in which novelty is welcomed. Using new materials and building techniques are factors that architects must consider while designing novel structures. Thus, architecture is a dynamic profession.

Ample opportunity for entrepreneurship.

Architecture is a career that may be pursued anywhere. They can work everywhere, whether in rural areas or global hub cities. Entrepreneurs may form partnerships to pursue autonomous work.

Architects are now concerned with environmentally and socially responsible building strategies and materials. Green buildings are gaining popularity. While geometry and light are the primary goals of design, engineering aspires towards zero-carbon and environmentally friendly structures.

In conclusion, architecture is a respected and esteemed profession. Deftly fusing design, style and comfort; architects evolve structures and spaces to appeal to the aesthetics and utility crucial for human existence. A passion for design and innovation and an analytical and imaginative mindset make architecture the right choice for an individual.

OmDayal Group of Institutions: Providing high-quality education

For more information, visit https://omdayal.com.

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Cloud Engineering is a subfield of Information Technology (IT) that prepare individuals to work in the constantly expanding cloud-computing industry. The cloud computing business is poised to surpass $330 billion by 2022, and it has become a lucrative career option for students aspiring to work in the technology industry.

The evolution of Cloud Computing over the past few years and the subsequent rise of Cloud Engineers are nothing short of astounding. Therefore, it is not surprising that the position continues to gain significance among employers.

Cloud Engineering - A rising industry — **Cloud Engineering – A rising industry**

Examples of prominent Cloud Providers

Some of the most well-known cloud service providers are Microsoft with Azure, Amazon with AWS, and Google with the Google Cloud Platform. Among them, the cloud service provider AWS, which is part of the Amazon group, stands out. It provides services to Facebook, Twitter, Netflix, LinkedIn, and other popular social media sites.

Many Cloud Service providers, such as Dropbox, Oracle Cloud, Salesforce, and VMware, offer one-off services. For example, Salesforce’s primary goal is to keep track of company-to-customer (C2C) relationships.

Skills required to become a Cloud Engineering

Cloud Engineering provides significant work opportunities since the skills required are not limited to infrastructure management alone. It includes network management, security, data protection, disaster recovery, and many others. Every day, you can work on new projects.

The skills required to excel as a Cloud Engineer are as follows:

Hard skills – Proficiency in Operating systems, networking, and programming languages.

Soft Skills – Ability to communicate effectively, willingness to learn, attention to detail, and leadership qualities.

Understanding of how software works – A technology background in software is an asset for becoming a Cloud Engineer. Knowledge of Java, Python and SQL also helps Cloud Engineers solve real-world problems affecting people worldwide.

Thus, cloud computing involves creative and varied skills pivotal to software development, utilising DevOps, Web Security, Disaster Recovery, Networking, Machine Learning and System Design skills.

**Cloud Engineering presents limitless possibilities**

Different roles of Cloud Engineers

As the cloud computing industry rises, cloud engineers enjoy more security and leverage when advancing their careers. Their primary job roles include:

Cloud Architecture – Cloud architects oversee a vast portion of the cloud network. They work on planning and management of all the cloud components, which includes the hardware, software or applications. A cloud architect is in charge of assessing the company’s needs and the pathway of its service expansions. In addition, they regularly review cloud performance and develop technical solutions to overcome obstacles posed by cloud components that may interfere with cloud services.

Cloud Development – Cloud development entails programming procedures that centre on the cloud architect’s vision in order to produce codes on the appropriate platforms. Here, traditional technical abilities are coupled with cloud knowledge competence in order to develop, deploy, and optimise cloud-based applications. Cloud developers utilise their software development expertise in app development, computer networking, UX, UI, and other areas to advance the coding paths.

Cloud Support – Cloud support is a type of service in which the engineer works directly with cloud clients to meet their requirements and maintain the various cloud components. The engineer has knowledge of certain cloud technologies or hosting services and therefore collaborates effectively with the client. Occasionally, cloud support engineers collaborate with cloud architects to explore new technologies and troubleshoot solutions for larger-scale challenges.

Cloud Administration – Cloud administration entails monitoring an organisation’s on-premises gear and software, whilst cloud engineers are solely concerned with cloud services. Their key responsibilities include the creation and implementation of cloud services, the management of requests for new technology, and the establishment of a secure cloud environment.

**Cloud Engineering offers lucrative opportunities in diverse roles**

Steps to Become a Cloud Engineer

To become a cloud engineer, you must consider the following points, which act as guidelines to acquire expertise in the field. These points are:

Pursue a bachelor’s degree in computer science and gain expertise in Java, Angular JS, and Python. An extensive knowledge of software and Cloud networking will help you excel.
Learn about deployment models, auto-scaling, clustering, data storage infrastructure, DevOps, and other cloud concepts.
Acquire familiarity with Cloud tools like VMware, Jenkins, Ansible, Docker, and others.
Get certified to work with cloud computing services such as Microsoft Azure, Amazon Web Services (AWS), and Google Cloud Platform.
Finally, be prepared to apply for jobs with a solid résumé.

OmDayal Group of Institutions: Pioneering Education

The OmDayal Group of Institutions was founded in 2010 in order to educate progressive architects and engineers. The institution provides engineering and architecture courses linked with MAKAUT (Maulana Abul Kalam Azad University of Technology). It is accredited by the NAAC, and the Architecture and Engineering programmes are approved by the AICTE and COA. The students have access to a solid foundation, a vibrant learning environment, and knowledgeable faculty.

The institute also offers on-job training in collaboration with the National Small Industries Corporation (NSIC), a government-owned enterprise in India, in order to assist better placements. OmDayal Group of Institutions, a premier college in West Bengal, comprehensively prepares its students as future professionals.

For more information, visit https://omdayal.com.

Disclaimer:

OmDayal Group of Institutions blog posts has been written with the information gathered from approved articles and websites online. Our research and technical team strive to provide relevant information through such articles.

References:

Data Science is the academic discipline that integrates domain expertise, programming abilities, and mathematics and statistics to extract valuable insights from data. It has gained popularity because it enables firms to process and interpret data efficiently. People can use this information to make informed company decisions, promote growth, optimise spending, and enhance performance.

What is Data Science?

Data Science is an amalgamation of data cleaning, analysis, and preparation. It uses several scientific methods to find patterns in raw data that might not be obvious initially. It also includes using prototypes, algorithms, predictive models, and custom analysis to solve business problems in multidimensional ways.

It finds application in various sectors such as banking, finance, transport, healthcare, E-commerce, pharmaceuticals and others.

Consequently, data analysis skills is much in demand, where data scientists do the process of analysing big data through an algorithmic or mechanical process to understand the correlations between each other and draw conclusions about the information they contain.

Skills associated with Data Science

These are the skills needed to excel as a Data Scientist:

A sound foundation in financials – A strong background in finance forms the ideal foundation for success in machine learning, artificial intelligence and data science. Data scientists need to know the basics of supervised and unsupervised learning, the difference between regression and classification, and the difference between data engineering and business analytics.
Proficiency in programming – Data scientists need to know how to use programming languages like Python, Perl, SQL, Java, and C/C++. They help the data scientists put the different kinds of unstructured data in order.
Statistics – Having a basic understanding of descriptive statistics, including mean, mode, standard deviation, variance, probability distributions, CLT, sample and population, and inferential statistics, is essential.
Data Visualisation – Data visualisation is the visual depiction of data and information. By employing visual elements such as charts, graphs, and maps, data visualisation tools facilitate identifying and comprehending trends, outliers, and patterns in data.
Deep Learning – Deep learning is a subset of machine learning. A neural network with three or more layers is what deep learning is. These neural networks try to mimic how the human brain works, even though they aren’t very good at it. It lets them “learn” from large amounts of data. To do well in Deep Learning, you also need to know how to use Tensor Flow, Pytorch, and Keres.
Big data – Big Data can help in data mining, leading to better decisions and strategic business moves. It cuts costs, saves time, plans new products, and makes intelligent decisions.

Data Science is on the rise and is a promising career for engineers to pursue.

**Data Science promises to be a lucrative career opportunity**

OmDayal Group of Institutions: Maintaining Excellence in Education

The OmDayal Group of Institutions was founded in 2010 with the goal of training progressive architects and engineers. The college offers engineering and architecture courses affiliated with MAKAUT (Maulana Abul Kalam Azad University of Technology). It is accredited by NAAC, and the Architecture and Engineering courses are approved by AICTE and COA. Students benefit from a solid foundation, a conducive learning environment, and experienced professors. The Institute is also associated with the West Bengal State Council of Technical and Vocational Education and Skill Development and offers Vocational Diploma programmes. It also provides flexible on-the-job training in collaboration with the National Small Industries Corporation (NSIC), a Government of India Enterprise, in order to achieve better placements. OmDayal Group of Institutions, a leading college in West Bengal, thoroughly develops its students to be future professionals.

For more information, visit: https://omdayal.com.

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References:

Photovoltaic glazing (PV glazing) is a revolutionary technology that turns sunlight into electricity and decreases energy usage in cooling, heating and artificial lighting.

The semiconductor-based PV cells are sandwiched between two sheets of glass. They are also known as solar cells. Although photovoltaic glass is not entirely transparent, it does allow some light to flow through. The buildings that use photovoltaic structures in their construction can generate a portion of their electrical needs.

**Photovoltaic panels installed on a roof**

Applications in construction

Photovoltaic cells (PV) convert sunlight directly into energy. Solar cells, measuring roughly 150mm, could generate up to 5 volts. To create a greater voltage, one would require a large number of PV cells to make a panel and a large number of panels to build an array. However, new technologies continue to enhance the application for PV cells in construction.

Building-integrated photovoltaics (BIPV)

Traditional PV systems have evolved into building-integrated photovoltaics to boost their efficiency and reduce the amount of materials utilised in buildings. These photovoltaic materials may be utilised in various construction settings, including roofs, facades, curtain walls and glass stairwells.

Building integrated photovoltaic glazing is a technique that enables buildings to generate power by converting the entire structure into a solar panel. The primary objective of this system is to maximise energy efficiency to meet the energy needs of the building. It is possible to design windows, skylights and facade shelves to receive more solar energy.

Due to technological advancements, BIPV may also be incorporated into existing building infrastructures. Additionally, it helps the development of net-zero energy buildings.

Given the current need for sustainable infrastructure, incorporating PV cells and PV glazing will be a game-changer. PV cell production has improved performance and helped reduced the use of construction materials while lowering carbon impact. The most common form of photovoltaic cell is crystalline PV, which can generate more electricity per square foot.

**Photovoltaic panels can be a part of everyday life**

Advantages of PV Glazing

The advantages offered by PV glazing are as follows:

PV electricity is considered green or clean energy since its source is renewable and does not contribute to pollution.
Photovoltaic glass reduces the facility’s carbon footprint and improves the organisation’s reputation.
PV Glazing is visually pleasing and helps improve the infrastructure’s overall architecture.
PV Glazing aids in building cost-effectiveness. BIPV replaces some of the building materials and becomes a dual-purpose solution for construction & power generation. Instead of purchasing glass windows, it is sufficient to purchase photovoltaic glazing, which generates power and functions as windows. Therefore, BIPV systems reduce the cost of conventional structures.
PV Glazing can aid in the creation of zero-energy structures. Integrating renewable energy and energy-saving methods is crucial to the zero-energy construction paradigm.

OmDayal Group of Institutions: Maintaining a Global Standard in Education

The OmDayal Group of Institutions was established in 2010 with a vision to prepare progressive architects and engineers. The college offers engineering and architecture courses affiliated with MAKAUT (Maulana Abul Kalam Azad University of Technology). It is accredited by NAAC, and the Architecture and Engineering courses are approved by AICTE and COA. The students have a strong foundation, a robust learning environment, and experienced faculty. The Institute also offers Vocational Diploma courses and is affiliated with the West Bengal State Council of Technical and Vocational Education and Skill Development. It also offers flexible timing and on-job-training in partnership with the National Small Industries Corporation (NSIC), Govt. of India Enterprise, to facilitate better placements. A leading college in West Bengal, OmDayal Group of Institutions holistically prepares its students as future professionals.

For more information, visit: https://omdayal.com.

References:

Mixed Reality (MR) uses augmented and virtual reality to combine the real and virtual worlds into an interactive environment filled with digital and physical components.

It is situated at the intersection between the physical and virtual reality environments, where users can interact with physical and virtual objects. Mixed Reality Architecture (MRA) dynamically links and overlays physical and virtual spaces. It offers an exciting new paradigm for architects. By projecting a BIM model directly over a physical site in mixed reality, architects can communicate design ideas to the team and clients in an immersive and interactive way.

VR, AR & MR

Virtual reality (VR) uses a computer to create a simulated environment wholly isolated from the physical environment. It offers an immersive experience but also blocks any relationship between the virtual and physical worlds. While, augmented reality (AR), a technology that has been around for decades, presents virtual information on top of a real physical environment.

Now, Mixed Reality (MR) using the HoloLens falls between AR and VR, where an individual can experience the virtual objects merged with the physical objects.

Deep dive into MR

Design communication is advancing rapidly. Using tools such as virtual reality (VR) has become commonplace for design teams. Mixed reality offers additional benefits to virtual reality by overlaying virtual objects onto a natural physical environment. It could be a game-changing tool for all phases of design and communication.

The objectives of MR are to explore design communication using mixed reality for all phases of architectural design. The design spaces explored are:

Concept Design: Small-scale building modelling.

Schematic Design: Interior space designs, spatial alignment, and options.
Construction Administration: Clash detection for interior spaces, spatial annotation, and recording data.

Technological inventions such as Microsoft’s HoloLens, Sketchup Viewer and other equipment have enabled the MRA endeavours. HoloLens is a Mixed Reality set of “smart glasses” that uses tracking technology first developed for Kinect, the motion-tracking add-on for Xbox gaming consoles. HoloLens has sprouted many applications in industries ranging from medicine to architecture. Designers can also jump back and forth from a scale model to the 1:1 virtual space and share their experience with other architects, contractors, and clients.

**Diverse applications of emerging technologies**

Gamma AR – The future of architecture

Gamma AR, a mobile application, connects a designer’s office and project sites using fully interactive overlays of building information models. With Gamma AR, designers can overlay and edit 3D models of anything from walls to HVAC systems on a project under construction and share this information with on-site contractors or clients through a smart device. It allows for remote management and supervision of a site. It eliminates many potential misunderstandings that frequently cost firms both time and costs.

For example, renovating a vacation home could be expedited by sharing design ideas via HoloLens, allowing clients to visualize design decisions and immerse themselves in space long before construction starts. Solutions targeting the construction process itself are currently being explored. The HoloLens application accurately positions digital content in any physical space. It has already been used in constructing wireframe pavilion-scale structures. This partial automation of the design process and the ability to deliver clear instructions to builders is relevant to residential design and disaster relief initiatives.

The challenges in MR may be the expensive hardware. Still, there are already applications out there that exploit the immense potential of this technology and address immediate challenges facing our industry.

It is safe to say the future of architecture lies with designers guiding the entire construction process remotely by sharing interactive digital content. Using MR in the design and remote fabrication of construction materials opens the door to an increasingly automated building process. Projects that could be easily assembled by local personnel with little training or experience.

OmDayal Group of Institutions: Maintaining Excellence in Education

The OmDayal Group of Institutions was established in 2010 with a vision to prepare progressive architects and engineers. The college offers engineering and architecture courses affiliated with MAKAUT (Maulana Abul Kalam Azad University of Technology). It is accredited by NAAC, and the Architecture and Engineering courses are approved by AICTE and COA. The students have a strong foundation, a robust learning environment, and experienced faculty. The Institute also offers Vocational Diploma courses and is affiliated with the West Bengal State Council of Technical and Vocational Education and Skill Development. It also offers flexible timing and on-job-training in partnership with the National Small Industries Corporation (NSIC), Govt. of India Enterprise, to facilitate better placements. A leading college in West Bengal, OmDayal Group of Institutions, holistically prepares its students as future professionals.

For more information, visit: https://omdayal.com.

References:

Drones are famous for their agility, speed, excellent acceleration and manoeuvrability. They are adept at providing smooth and stable flights for aerial views, surveying and photography.

In engineering, drones are becoming popular as they improve efficiency and minimise the risks and costs of specific tasks.

These tasks are as follows:

Project Surveillance – Construction engineers use drones to gather real-time data about projects. They can gather accurate information without being physically present on site. Aerial insights help improve progress tracking, detect problems before they become costly, and add weeks to a project’s timeline.

Drones offer advantages in project surveillance
Project Planning – Getting a brief idea of the land is a vital planning phase in construction projects. Surveying is done by drones using two methods – photogrammetry and LiDAR surveys. The drone-based surveys generate 3D models of the surface and terrain. It can aid civil engineers in site location. It can also be used as a basis for volume and distance calculations. An accurate 3D model is also an essential component of the building information modelling (BIM) process, which is a reliable model for information in construction planning.
Hazardous or hard-to-reach sites – Civil engineers use drones to cover areas where it is difficult for humans to reach. They can monitor hazardous work sites, like hydropower dams, highways and other construction sites.
Non-Destructive Testing – Drones can fly inside the equipment structures and execute visual inspections or Non-Destructive Testing, eliminating the need for confined spray entry. The drone can even test the combination of the hazardous compounds.
Inspection of grid stations and pylons – Electrical engineers can inspect pylons and grid stations at heights difficult for a human to access. Thus, engineers can detect and repair any power outage on towers or overhead faults over the high-tension power lines.

Drone can seamlessly conduct land surveys
Detailed 3D models – Drones can be used to survey and generate 3D high-resolution models of sites where no data or low-quality data is available. Thus, high-accuracy cadastral maps are produced rapidly and easily, even in complex or challenging terrain.
Inspection of existing infrastructure – Inspecting an infrastructure such as a skyscraper, bridge, or tunnel can be a complex, rigorous and hazardous task. Inspection crews can be time-consuming and unreliable if required to walk the stretch of the mega structures. Drones can easily access these areas without compromising safety and health issues for any human. The drone footage is reliable and well documented.
Renewable Energy Sector – The engineers in the renewable energy sector use drones to monitor solar PV harms or wind farms, widespread across acres of land.
Drones with Cloud-based features and Predictive AI – Drone with cloud-based features and AI present the future. The inspection photos taken by the drone can be synced to a cloud server which can be further fed into a complex algorithm supported by top-of-the-line processing power. This analysis can be downloaded, and the AI can develop predictive functions for identifying potential defects and repair.

Drone can carry out infrastructure inspection
Drones are helpful technological advancements whose applications have changed how things are done across the engineering industry.

OmDayal Group of Institutions: Maintaining Excellence in Education

The OmDayal Group of Institutions was established in 2010 with a vision to prepare progressive architects and engineers. The college offers engineering and architecture courses affiliated with MAKAUT (Maulana Abul Kalam Azad University of Technology). It is accredited by NAAC, and the Architecture and Engineering courses are approved by AICTE and COA. The students have a strong foundation, a robust learning environment, and experienced faculty. The Institute also offers Vocational Diploma courses and is affiliated with the West Bengal State Council of Technical and Vocational Education and Skill Development. It also offers flexible timing and on-job-training in partnership with the National Small Industries Corporation (NSIC), Govt. of India Enterprise, to facilitate better placements. A leading college in West Bengal, OmDayal Group of Institutions, holistically prepares its students as future professionals.

For more information, visit: https://omdayal.com

Disclaimer:

Om Dayal Group of Institutions blog posts have been written with the information gathered from approved articles and websites online. Our research and technical team strive to provide relevant information through such articles.

References:

Generative design for architecture is a new design process that enables the discovery of innovative ideas and the negotiation of trade-offs between high-performing designs, sketch restrictions, and goals, as opposed to form and human-computer co-design. It mixes parametric design and artificial intelligence with designer-supplied constraints and data.

Generative design is a method for enhancing human resources by algorithmically automating design thinking. Instead of modelling one object at a time, generative design software allows us to develop several alternatives simultaneously. Even “fortuitous coincidences” that are difficult to recognise can be identified using standard methods, along with unique and unexpected solutions and deviations.

Generative Design Illustrated

Consider trees as an illustration. Large tree trunks are broad and solid at the base to bear the strain and weight of the wind. From there, countless other slender branches sprout leaves. The selected shape is ideal for their surroundings, and there are no physical remnants. Natural selection has drastically transformed the composition of trees on sandy soils in windy locations over millions of years.

The same applies to beauty, design, and building. The forms generated by generative design are only sometimes detailed and organic. It can exacerbate the already laborious and iterative design process with which we are familiar. Architects, engineers, and contractors may use computers to handle the design and construction, allowing them to focus on creating stunning projects and constructions.

Creative Concepts inside the design studio

Generative Design for architecture is initially conceptualised in the design studio. The building industry is undergoing a digital-to-computational transition. Digital is all about “creating data” with technologies like CAD and digital photographs. However, computational designers are now “using data” computers to produce, modify, and use data to enhance results.

People have utilised digital documents, including CAD drawings and spreadsheets, for decades. When scripts are applied to CAD software and spreadsheets, architectural, engineering, and construction (AEC) data may be accessed, modified, and even produced in new ways. It is the Generation Design idea utilised in construction and building design.

Architects utilised a procedure known as scripting or programming with conventional design consequences a couple of decades back. Today, scripts are complex algorithms that govern the new notion of generative design and production.

**Conceptualisation in a design studio**

Generative Design on the Building Site

Generativity is not restricted to the design studio. It may select the optimally modelled technique for erecting a structure using precast panels. In addition, the algorithm can monitor the site, the position of the cranes that lower the panels, the most efficient building design process, equipment capabilities, and access points. The architect has created the generative script and devised an assembly strategy. The whole project team can access this information to guarantee a systems-based approach. Everything unfolds as expected.

In conclusion, the construction industry will let teams employ computational knowledge to improve outcomes and procedures. Thus, Generative Design has helped revolutionise architecture.

**The Heydar Aliyev Centre, an example of generative design in architecture**

OmDayal Group of Institutions: Pioneering Education

The institute also provides flexible timing and on-job training in partnership with the National Small Industries Corporation (NSIC), Govt. of India Enterprise, to facilitate better placements. A leading college in West Bengal, OmDayal Group of Institutions, holistically prepares its students as future professionals.

For more information, visit https://omdayal.com.

References:

Engineering is all about applying the theories of science to solve practical problems. The technology and the smart gadgets we use are inventions by our esteemed engineering fraternity. India has produced numerous engineers who did pioneering work in their field and became inspirational figures for the country. Some of our pioneers and their contributions are highlighted below: 

Verghese Kurien

He is considered the father of the White Revolution in India. His “1 billion litre idea”, Operation Flood, has transformed dairy products into India’s largest self-sufficient industry and primary rural employment sector. He pioneered the Anand model of the dairy cooperative. He replicated it nationwide based on various top-down and bottom-up approaches.

With this approach, farmers did not refuse milk, and 70-80% of the price was paid in cash by consumers to the dairy farmers who control the marketing. This model has made India the largest milk producer in the world, quadrupling milk production in 30 years.

**Verghese Kurien – Father of the White Revolution in India**

Sir Mokshagundam Visvesvaraya

He is known for revolutionising the flood control system in Hyderabad and was the chief engineer of the Krishnarajasagaladam near Mysore. He is famous for inventing “automatic locks” and “block irrigation systems”, which are considered engineering wonders. In 1895, he devised an efficient way to filter water through “collector wells,” which were rarely seen anywhere in the world. Recognising his achievement, he received India’s highest award, Bharat Ratna. His birthday is on September 15th and is celebrated as Engineer’s Day.

Kalpana Chawala

Kalpana Chawala was the first Indian woman to go to space. She earned a degree in Aeronautical Engineering from Punjab Engineering College before moving to the United States. In 1988, she completed her doctorate in aerospace engineering from the University of Colorado. 

In November 1997, she had her first opportunity to enter space aboard her STS-87 space shuttle, Columbia. Her second flight took place in 2003. However, on her way back to Earth, she lost her life along with her other crew members. Kalpana continues to be an inspiration to young women across the world.

Dr A P J Abdul Kalam

As an aerospace engineer, he was known as an Indian rocket man for his involvement in developing ballistic missiles and rocket technology. He was the project leader for India’s first domestic satellite launch vehicle (SLV-III), successfully launching the Rohini satellite into low earth orbit in July 1980. He played an essential organisational, technical and political role in India’s 1998 Pokhran II nuclear test. Moreover, he served as the 11th President of India (2002-2007).

E Sreedharan

He is known as the Indian Metro Man. He designs projects such as Delhi Metro and Kolkata Metro. For his contributions to the public transport system, he received the Padma Shri Medal in 2001 and the Padma Viboushan Award in 2008. He was also awarded France’s highest folk decoration, the Medal of Honour.

Vinod Dham

He is the father of the Pentium microprocessor chip, a common term in the computer domain. Vinod is also the co-inventor of flash memory technology, commonly known as SD card, widely used in USB drives and digital cameras. Later he invented the AMD K6, known as the “Pentium Killer”. He is also one of the first co-inventors of Intel’s Flash Memory Technology (ETOX). He has been promoted to Vice President of the Microprocessor Group at Intel Co.

Sundar Pichai

He serves as the CEO of Alphabet Inc. and leads product management and innovation efforts for many Google client software products, including Google Chrome and Chrome OS. He was mainly in charge of Google Drive. He also oversaw the development of other applications such as Gmail and Google Maps. In 2010, Pichai announced the open sourcing of Google’s new video codec VP8, introducing a new video format, WebM. In 2013, Pichai added Android to the list of Google products he supervises.

Satya Nadella

He is the CEO of Microsoft, leading key projects such as the move to cloud computing and the development of the world’s largest cloud infrastructure. He was praised for helping to deploy Microsoft’s databases, Windows Server, and developer tools in the Azure cloud. In 2022, Nadella was awarded the third highest civilian honour, Padma Bhushan, by the Government of India.

Numerous brilliant engineers in India have made a tremendous contribution, who have invented processes, products, gadgets and structures to make it a better world.

OmDayal Group of Institutions: Committed to High Standards in Education

The Institute provides flexible timing and on-job training in partnership with the National Small Industries Corporation (NSIC), Govt. of India Enterprise, to facilitate better placements. A leading college in West Bengal, OmDayal Group of Institutions, holistically prepares its students as future professionals. 

For more information, visit: https://omdayal.com

References:

Cloud computing involves delivering various services over the internet. From software analytics to data storage, anything can be delivered over the cloud. In the dynamic field of engineering, workload fluctuations can majorly affect the project and the demand for resources may also vary. Cloud computing is leveraged by systems and processes that adapt to the business needs. Companies are quick to adopt cloud computing to save on budgets and personnel significantly.

**Cloud computing offers immense applications from security to storage**

Advantages of cloud computing

With its increasing use, it becomes important to understand cloud computing and its potential. Cloud computing can provide the following advantages:

Stay ahead of the game – Cloud computing gives the time advantage to the business without any accrued investment in expensive equipment or playing with complicated systems. It allows access to infrastructure equivalent to a large corporate company in the market on a small business budget.
Fulfils business needs – Cloud computing is considered to be quite flexible. Companies can sign up, use features that the business needs, and increase or decrease them per their requirement.
Accessibility feature – Data systems can be accessed from anywhere, anytime, on any device. It enables users to access and update project information, order supplies or request services, track time, input timesheets, pay bills or collaborate with colleagues.
Documents sharing and storage – Cloud computing helps address situations where compressing and storing large files are daunting. It stores and shares documents seamlessly. Cloud document storage options are a cost-effective way of storing and instantly accessing plans, sitemaps, data sheets, instruction manuals and application-specific information.

**New technology to enhance productivity and collaboration**

Complete job visibility and effortless collaboration – Documents can be updated by multiple stakeholders who can view and evaluate changes and expedite the decision-making process. It mitigates miscommunication, repetition and errors, ultimately reducing time and costs. It lets people work more efficiently and effectively than ever before. No need to book conference rooms or take flights when people across the world can meet over a Skype call. You no longer need to take the print-out copies of the reports – they all are accessible on the cloud.
Ease of job management – With cloud-based job management systems to help the administration process, from quoting, costing, time tracking and invoicing, all in one place.
Enhanced security – Cloud software providers have the resources to invest significant money in ensuring that servers, data centres and connections are entirely secure with constant streaming. Research says that 94% of businesses improved security after switching to the cloud while 91% said that the cloud has made it easier to meet government compliance requirements.
Reduced overheads and a better ROI – Cloud computing support save on IT-related costs such as servers and IT support infrastructure. It means having professional software expertise available on demand. Cloud computing also provides you with more flexible subscriptions and variety in terms of software usage.
Real time reporting – Organisations can forecast profit centres, profitable employees, profitability across clients, estimated hours for a project, and customisation of fields to create project reports. All this gives a competitive edge to the business.
Disaster recovery – As the data is hosted on external servers, any disaster due to theft, fire, flood, technology outage or unforeseen incident; cannot hamper business operations. With the help of cloud computing, organisations can easily and quickly recover their data in the event of emergencies.
Environmental benefit – Cloud computing needs fewer physical servers for setup. Companies downsize data centres or even eliminate them while storing data on the cloud. Cloud data storage is 79 % to 93% more efficient.

Cloud computing has enhanced the quality of computer technology over the last few years. It provides more geographic reach, better-quality websites and servers, enhanced monitoring systems, multiple servers, and scale applications as considerable benefits to the world.

**Providing protection against hindrances and interruptions**

OmDayal Group of Institutions: Providing high quality education

The institute also offers flexible timing and on-job training in partnership with the National Small Industries Corporation (NSIC), Govt. of India Enterprise, to facilitate better placements. A leading college in West Bengal, OmDayal Group of Institutions, holistically prepares its students as future professionals.

For more information, visit: https://omdayal.com.

References:

Climate change impacts every aspect of our life and alters the environmental conditions in which the buildings and structures exist. Soaring temperatures, increased carbon dioxide emission and melting ice of the polar region are among its immediate effects. The buildings we live and work in are designed to withstand the local climate. They are built using standards and materials compatible with the range of temperature, rainfall, snow and wind pressures expected in the area, including any climatic deterrents such as earthquakes, floods, tsunamis, groundwater levels and other natural changes. However, climate change threaten our structures and cause significant damage to them.

**The need to address climate change is immediate**

Climate change and its impact

When climatic conditions exceed the normal parameters, it directly impacts the structure of the building. Climate change will breed conditions where these parameters are exceeded more often and to a far greater degree. What was previously considered once in a century flood may become a regular occurrence. The impacts are certainly more drastic. As already evident, heat waves are more drastic now, affecting the building structures. Frequently occurring floods are wiping away entire dwellings with them. Some effects may be controllable, but the insidious effects of climate change can gradually undermine the core functions of a building.

**Withstanding extreme weather conditions takes a toll on structures**

Damage to Structures

The impacts of Climate Change on infrastructure can be observed as follows:

External cladding of buildings will be damaged more rapidly with the consistent and intense wind and rain. Leaking may also be possible on continuous damage due to water.
Wet structures will give way to termite infestation when tempered with high temperatures. The timber-eating termites can cause significant structural damage.
Stagnation of water can also lead to the breeding of mosquitoes and malaria prevalence. Living spaces need to be designed to combat this condition.
As temperatures get higher, materials such as metal expand, leading them to buckle once buildings’ design tolerance is exceeded. As in an incident in China, a skyscraper needed to be evacuated as the structure made of metal began to shake when the steel frame stretched in the heat.
Extreme temperatures can even cause metals to melt, causing irreversible damage. The surface layer of bitumen on roads begins to soften at extremely high temperatures, causing bleeding.
Buildings with foundations in clay soil are vulnerable to cracking or collapse in the ground as they absorb more water and then harden and shrink with time. It is expedited by the changing rainfall patterns.
Reinforced concrete is a popular construction material used in buildings. It is used from the skyscrapers and bridges to the lintels above windows in homes; reinforced concrete is made by placing steel rods within a mould and pouring wet concrete in. Once dry, this produces robust structures. A damper and warmer climate will affect the durability of this material. The steel inside the frame will get wet, rust and expand, thus cracking the concrete and weakening the structure. It is referred to as Concrete Cancer. In coastal regions, the high chloride content in the salt water accelerates rusting.
In places on the sea coast, the rising sea levels raise the water table and make it saltier, thus, affecting the building foundations. The strong winds give rise to salt spray, further damaging building exteriors.
The ring CO2 in the atmosphere means more carbonation. The CO2 reacts with the cement to form a different chemical element called calcium carbonate. It lowers the pH of concrete and makes the steel more exposed to corrosion.

**Terminate infestations can cause tremendous internal damage to structures**

The impact of climate change on infrastructure is evident and imminent. However, with sustainable building design, we may counter climate change and its effects more effectively.

OmDayal Group of Institutions: Maintaining Excellence in Education

The Institute also offers flexible timing and on-job training in partnership with the National Small Industries Corporation (NSIC), Govt. of India Enterprise, to facilitate better placements. A leading college in West Bengal, OmDayal Group of Institutions holistically prepares its students as future professionals.

For more information, visit: https://omdayal.com

References:

Remote Virtual Inspection (RVI) in construction engineering is a method that allows the inspector or inspection team to perform their duties remotely. It helps facilitate the social distancing norms during the onset of the Covid-19 pandemic.

The construction industry is closely associated with actual physical space, and now virtual reality offers immense benefits to people engaged within the industry. The applications are tremendous and may become a standard tool for inspection in the future.

**Technology has enabled the successfully implementation of remote virtual inspection**

Benefits offered by Virtual Inspections

Reduce On-Site visits – Construction workers, managers, and supervisors are the people whose presence on construction sites is vital. Besides them, many stakeholders and key team members such as architects, designers, and company representatives are involved in the project. Virtual inspection, then, promotes their engagement without visiting the real-life location.
Efficient System – When a problem arises during construction, there is no delay or disruption in work. The manager adapts to VR to assess the situation and provide the solution. Performance efficiency of the manager to handle multiple projects simultaneously is also achievable by RVI. It is particularly beneficial in global construction companies since it allows experts to advice without needing transit experts to visit the site.
Proactive Solutions to Problems – Virtual inspections detect errors abundantly and fix them before a project begins. This proactive approach is easy as a problem discovered during the construction could be expensive and causes delays. The virtual model offers details and accuracy, which are highly beneficial.
Cost Control – VR cuts the cost on unnecessary supplies and enables better logistics control. Extra materials required, the feasibility of reuse and waste management of materials impact cost control and profitability.
Ease of Workflow – Augmented Reality (AR) enables the construction worker or manager to work hands-free (using headsets and glasses) on virtual plans to specify the actual layouts in physical space, precise installation and placement of components and fixtures. The AR model on the job helps overlay the 3D model with the real world, allowing users to view spatial relationships with pinpoint accuracy and identify issues with the mechanical, electrical, and plumbing systems before they occur.

**Augmented Reality presented in a theoretical concept of engine inspection**

Improve Customer Experience – It is possible with RVI to give the customer a guided tour through their new building even before the construction commences. Owners and shareholders can have a clear project vision, and the builder can meet the client’s expectations. The client can schedule virtual site visits and track the project’s status.
Better Training and Safety – VR can train the staff for machine operations, refresher training or simulator training. Training becomes more accessible as the Training simulators create a 3D environment where operators learn how to use their tools and fix problems in contingency situations without being exposed to natural physical aberrations. It ensures minimal damage to equipment and the safety of the trainees.
Increased Safety – VR ensures better planning, fewer accidents and a safer environment. Remote operation of machines is possible, with mitigation of any danger to the people on the premise.
Upgrade Collaboration – BIM (Building Information Modelling) are Business Intelligence systems which store information about the project centrally so that any team member can work on models. A new feature or renovation can more easily involve stakeholder collaboration on a virtual model. The combination of cloud computing and BIM is a powerful medium, keeping everyone on the same page.
Involve Top of the Line Industry Expertise – Cloud data sets and VR ensure accurate 3D models to get the best people on the job globally without geographical barriers, eliminating travel time and top-of-the-line expertise.

**BIM technology combined with VR possessed immense potential in creating working models**

Inspections at the construction site are an integral part of the project site. Safety planning, improved construction quality, better task focus, greener construction, resource waste prevention, and time schedules can ease operations when done virtually in construction engineering.

OmDayal Group of Institutions: Maintaining a Global Standard in Education

The institution also provide flexible timing and on-job training in partnership with the National Small Industries Corporation (NSIC), Govt. of India Enterprise, to facilitate better placements. A leading college in West Bengal, OmDayal Group of Institutions holistically prepares its students as future professionals.

For more information, visit: https://omdayal.com.

References:

Invisible architecture is a new trend in architectural design that focuses on ways to minimise or hide the structure’s appearance. Whether it is a building, a walkway or a partition separating different spaces, the architecture creates an illusion of ”nothingness”. This style is taken up when the architect considers a novel concept as an accentuating feature in the design. Sometimes, the most desired part of the design is the surrounding nature and the green beauty reflected in the building’s camouflage.

**The Maraya Concert Hall – A modern marvel**

How is Invisible Architecture achieved?

The buildings blend into their environments and disappear from view. The technology and paradigms used in building design for the invisible feature can be explained as follows:

Emerging technologies like artificial intelligence (AI) and LED panels make the structures possible to disappear from view.
Structures are digitally visible but physically absent, as in BIM architecture. Building information models (BIM) are virtual files that help with decision-making during the construction process. A BIM model is a three-dimensional visual design for a project created using building information modelling software. BIM designers collaborate closely with architects and engineers to create designs for customers.
With Augmented Reality in Architecture, making buildings disappear with physical means will be replaced with manipulating physical environments with digital means to augment alternative overlays.
Digitally rendered ghost architecture may come to define our future urban spaces. Virtually generated interior designs will become the norm.
Mirrors are used to visually expand nature. The goal is to make the structure as unobtrusive as possible. It is often sufficient to just use glass to allow visitors to look into/straight through the structure from the outside and inside.
Sometimes, a complex system of high-definition cameras and LED panels to capture the surrounding sky is used, projected onto its façade. It allows the structure to blend visually with the surrounding atmosphere, making it almost invisible to the naked eye.

**Desert X by Doug Aitken – Invisible Architecture amidst a desert landscape**

Examples of Invisible Architecture

While on Invisible Architecture, it will be fair to highlight some marvels of Invisible Architecture worldwide.

The Optical Glass House by Hiroshi Nakamura – utilises glass bricks so that people can see both out and inside the house. The only prominent section from the outside is the garden which creates greater privacy for the proper living space and a green area for the inhabitants.
The Glass House by the Santambrogiomilao Group – is a concept house built entirely of glass – even furniture. It is an example of invisible architecture where one can see right through it.
The Moses Bridge in the Netherlands is built on a body of water to create an illusion that anyone walking on it feels literal like he is walking on water. Invisible Architecture Design can also be used for privacy partitions, walkways and public sculptures.

The calling card of science fiction design, Invisible Architecture, is a fantasy widely explored by the architect community, and it is becoming a reality now.

**Mirage by Doug Aitken – Another showcase of creative brilliance**

OmDayal Group of Institutions: Pioneers in Education

The institute also provides flexible timing and on-job training in partnership with the National Small Industries Corporation (NSIC), Govt. of India Enterprise to facilitate better placements. A leading college in West Bengal, OmDayal Group of Institutions, holistically prepares its students as future professionals.

For more information, visit: https://omdayal.com.

References:

Bridges are made primarily to connect people and reduce the distance between two places over physical barriers like water, valleys or caverns. They tend to become a landmark and iconic element in the city’s skyline, imparting identity and character. The Golden Gate Bridge of San Francisco, Tower Bridge of London and even the Howrah Bridge connecting Howrah and Calcutta serve as ideal examples.

**Howrah Bridge is an iconic landmark of Kolkata**

Inception & Evolution of Bridges

The evolution of bridge construction is old in history. Initially, timber and stone were used, and the ancient Romans even used pozzolana cement made of ingredients like water, lime, sand and volcanic rock to build them. With the onset of the industrial revolution, materials with high tensile strength like steel were initiated to build bigger bridges with longer spans.

Hypnotic Bridges – Presenting the future

With the integration of AI and machine learning, bridges have undergone a massive transformation. Now, the suspension bridges or arched overpasses have taken a backseat. Hypnotic bridges are widely considered the future of bridges. In contrast to the square or oval type of design, the architects are moving towards a cleaner and fluid design concept, including curved shapes and natural twists and a more colourful and bright representation for the bridge design.

The bridges of the future have some changes in design elements:

Building Information Modeling (BIM) in the bridge design and the execution of large bridge projects have facilitated structures with a more fluid design concept.
Concrete and steel mean more robust and more resilient materials for constructing bridges.
The inclusion of minor adaptations of the existing longitudinal configurations facilitates the design and construction of multi-span suspension bridges easier. Classic illustrations of these are the Taizhou Bridge in China & Chacao Bridge in Chile, with partially earth-anchored cable-stayed bridges for spans up to 2000 m.
Prefabrication enables construction in a controlled environment using high-quality materials and standardized production processes. The amount of building at the site reduces the amount of time that the construction workforce and motorists are exposed to the dangers of work zones. It also leads to improved quality for extension of the structure service life. Furthermore, it assists in keeping a project on schedule and grip environmental limitations. This way, construction can be undertaken over complex sites such as water bodies, valleys or uneven terrain.

**A pedestrian bridge which incorporates futuristic design elements**

The Lucky Knot – more than just a connection between two places

A classic and recent example is the hypnotic bridge, ‘The Lucky Knot’ bridge, in Changsha, China. This unique footbridge is inspired by the Mobius strip. The design has three lanes swirling over in a continuous curvaceous manner at different heights. It gives pedestrians an option of various routes across the Dragon King Harbour River. This bridge has been designed based on two concepts: the exciting connections of a Mobius ring and a Chinese knot.

The bridge connects multiple levels, the river banks, the road, and a park, all at different heights. Accessibility to various sites at different levels is a new concept altogether. The knots connect all of these routes. Its length is 285 meters, and its height of 22 meters. It offers a picturesque view of the river and the surrounding mountain range. With its distinctive appearance, it aims to develop an identity for the city of Changsha in China.

OmDayal Group of Institutions: Bringing Innovation in Architecture and Engineering

The institute also offers flexible timing and on-job training in partnership with the National Small Industries Corporation (NSIC), Govt. of India Enterprise to facilitate better placements. A leading college in West Bengal, OmDayal Group of Institutions, holistically prepares its students as future professionals.

For more information, visit: https://omdayal.com.

References:

The Internet of Things (IoT) is a network of physical things embedded with sensors, software, and other technologies that allow devices and systems to connect and share data. Physical objects may range from everyday domestic items to industrial instruments. According to research, there are around 7.62 billion people in the world. With a growing trend of IoT devices, there may be about 20 billion IoT smart devices up and operating by 2022, with a rise in the need for 5G networks.

**IoT – A versatile technology for better connectivity in diverse fields**

Applications of IoT

Before we understand the implication of IoT, it is crucial to understand the applications of IoT in the various engineering fields. These applications are:

Mechanical Engineering – IoT helps improve communication, strengthen ethical systems and impart value to digital twin technology. Virtual data will help the engineers govern machines through remotely controlled software.
Electronic Engineering – IoT has revolutionised electronic engineering by enabling home automation, improving security and surveillance systems, instructing solar panels, and microcontroller monitoring.
Civil Engineering – IoT prevents breakdowns and provides real-time construction management solutions, automated documentation, worker safety, and timely decision-making in project construction.
Bio Medical Engineering – IoT finds various applications in health care. Typical examples would be health tracking IoT wearable devices. Moreover, it may lead to an early and fast diagnosis and fewer hospital visits.

**Smart Home with the improved security and remotely controlled devices**

Advantages of IoT

IoT has emerged as a widely accepted technology which better integrates devices. It offers significant advantages such as:

Improved Quality and Ease of Life – Using sensors embedded in different products, IoT can gather information on the expiration date of consumable products. Thus, it ensures a good quality as well as ease of life.
Time Management in Everyday Decisions – Data influences effective decision-making. Everyday decisions become precise while time management becomes more effective through IoT.
Cost-Effective – IoT could be a considerable cost-saving technology for managing workforce requirements and monitoring and maintaining supplies.
Enhance Device to Device Communication – IoT is a web of physical devices connected which are interacting. Hence, this system improves device-to-device communication.
Automation – Machines can give faster outputs and reduce any interaction gap through automation brought forward by IoT.

Challenges of IoT

Along with the advantages, IoT applications will bring with them numerous challenges:

Data Traffic – IoT creates a massive amount of data that will have an unpredictable impact on the networking systems. The devices may share the same emails and apps, making device management cumbersome.
Agility – To manage the flexibility and scalability of data, a cloud solution to manage the network and resources will be required.
Security of Data – Keeping the integrity and privacy of sensitive information intact presents the biggest challenge.

IoT can provide efficient data management, making everyday life accessible and qualitative.

**Connectivity the world seamlessly through a vast network of interconnected devices**

OmDayal Group of Institutions: Instilling Excellence in Engineering

The institution also provides flexible timing and on-job training in partnership with the National Small Industries Corporation (NSIC), Govt. of India Enterprise to facilitate better placements. A leading college in West Bengal, OmDayal Group of Institutions, holistically prepares its students as future professionals.

For more information, visit: https://omdayal.com.

References:

The transportation industry has witnessed the emergence of significant trends to accommodate the need for environmentally friendly and resilient ways of commuting. Rapid advancements in technology, especially in engineering, offer more refinement in this regard. There is a common understanding that technology will mould the transportation industry in the coming years. The trends are associated with improved speeds, less commute time and the rise of autonomous modes of movement, made possible by engineering concepts.

Emerging trends in transportation

High-Speed Travel – High speeds travelling options will revolutionise the industry, with Hyperloops rapidly gaining traction worldwide. Hyperloop is a fast mass transport system, much faster than the traditional transportation system. The speed could reach up to 700 miles per hour, almost the speed of an aircraft or supersonic jet. It uses the technology of magnetic levitation, where long tubes connecting one location to the other above or underground is possible. The passenger carrying cars called Pods travel inside these tubes, and the accelerators are made of magnets to get the speed of 700 mph. The magnetic accelerators are placed throughout the tubes to help the pods accelerate speed. The pressure inside the tubes is extremely low, so the pods are surrounded by little air. Thus, supersonic speed would become possible.

Radical New Technologies – Transportation is about to move ahead more rapidly in the coming years with the advent of new technologies -frictionless vehicles and binary power. The flying cars are seen on the radar screen to become a next generation automotive technology. They will begin with a more convenient version of today’s aeroplanes and eventually convert to frictionless cars.

Fully automated vehicles for Human freedom and control – Automotive companies will focus on fully automated vehicles where people can “punch in” or “speak” the place they want to go to, and the car will automatically take them there. This feature will give a sense of freedom and control to the human system; and be highly compatible with the elderly, physically disabled, and visually and mentally challenged people. Fully automatic navigation systems for ground-based vehicles will become the future trend.

Luminous Pathways to Increase Safety – The road surface is covered with a synthetic material that has material to absorb the solar energy during the day and transforms it into a glow at night. This technology ensures better visibility on pathways even without light sources, and it can improve traffic safety and the visual appeal of streets and the city.

Solar Panel Roads to Generate Electricity – Solar panels are installed on road surfaces to boost local renewable energy production significantly. The Netherlands has already piloted this venture in the future of transportation, and solar panelled cycling pathways could be the future promise.

Hydrogen Fuel for Greener Transport in the Future – Hydrogen is an ideal fuel from the environmental and climate point of view because it is pollution-free and abundantly available. Overcoming the challenges of hydrogen production from resources apart from fossil fuels and the storage of hydrogen as it is highly explosive – could revolutionise the future of transport by being used as fuel for, e.g. cars, trains, aeroplanes, and airships.

AI and Data drove Maritime Transport – The advancement of AI is a crucial driver in technological change in the transport system. Autonomous ships with AI to calculate transport velocity, weather, and sea currents could produce intelligent maritime transport systems for efficient cargo transport.

Cabins on Robot Platforms – Robot vehicles will give way to a new technology, whereby a Robot Drone carrying a passenger can be moved from one transportation platform to another without the need for the passenger to enter and exit another vehicle: the cabin can travel on a railway carriage, ship, in a vacuum tube, or on an aerial vehicle. It could be an economy worth billion and create a service economy of cabin entertainment while in transport mode.

Thus, we can enhance the transport industry through advancements in technology and engineering. We can ensure greater security for commuters and sustainability for the public and the environment. Engineering concepts like artificial intelligence can enhance and innovate the current modes of transport. It can also revolutionise the industry for the foreseeable future.

OmDayal Group of Institutions: Providing high-quality education

The OmDayal Group of Institutions was established in 2010 with a vision to prepare progressive architects and engineers. The college offers engineering and architecture courses affiliated with MAKAUT (Maulana Abul Kalam Azad University of Technology). It is accredited by NAAC, and the architecture and engineering courses are approved by AICTE and COA. With a robust learning environment and experienced faculty, the students are equipped with a strong foundation. The Institute also provides flexible timing and on-job training in partnership with the National Small Industries Corporation (NSIC), Govt. of India Enterprise to facilitate better placements. A leading college in West Bengal, OmDayal Group of Institutions, holistically prepares its students as future professionals.

For more information, visit: https://omdayal.com.

References

Machine Learning (ML) has assumed significant importance in architecture in recent times. When coupled with data science technology, ML offers substantial advantages in data forecasting and predictive analysis. Moreover, it involves the processes of data acquisition, data processing, model engineering, excursion and deployment within its ambit.

**Link between Machine Learning and Predictive Analysis within Data Science**

Urbanisation and carbon dioxide emissions

With the influx of urbanisation predicted to cause a 70% increase in urban population over the next 15 years, the need for construction is very high. About 7 billion people will live in cities, and this boom will further contribute to climate catastrophe and further devastation. Urbanisation generates a significant amount of carbon dioxide emissions, adversely affecting the environment. Thus, there is a need to apply sustainable solutions to architecture and construction, and ML can offer a helping hand in this endeavour.

Application in architecture

Machine Learning will contribute toward the reduction of CO2 emissions by incorporating aspects of architecture and building design:

ML provides the foundation for long term, sustainable and adaptable solutions to global sustainable architecture problems. A systematic map of the consumption of building materials without wastage will determine environmental impact.
Increasing the energy efficiency of the systems based on renewable energy resources and integrating ML models in the design will facilitate the optimal flow of energy in a green building.
Due to access to big data available, ML systems will enable individual needs and preferences in the design and interior of a home and focus on mass personalisation with almost zero waste.
Movable walls and mobile infrastructure made possible by ML based model designs will increase space flexibility in architecture.
The minimisation of construction waste is an important area of impact. ML will recommend suitable solutions to component use based on environmental impact and the budgets available. Implementing reusable components will be a huge disruptive change.
ML models will suggest the optimal location of objects in home design using platforms and artificial intelligence based on user needs. A uniform communication system will thus get enabled.
Intelligent environments can be created with the advancement of the Internet of Things (IoT) and applications that connect the environment and users.
Decentralised systems can be developed with the help of blockchain technology and the IoT. ML models help with the amount of data and minimise the impact on the environment.
Digital platforms and the use of artificial intelligence will help create user-oriented environments. ML will help provide solutions to this for each user.
The construction industry’s potential can be enhanced by introducing integrated solutions to optimise the construction process in terms of the carbon footprint. The use of biodegradable materials and natural fibres is sustainable, and ML will suggest optimal materials vis a vis environmental impact, cost and durability. It also offers single transport modules for transportation of building construction material and can recommend the infrastructure and transport capacity constraints.
ML will help create a sustainable urban environment. Due to the construction of many residencies and multi-functional buildings, it will help to optimise resources sustainably.

**Machine Learning is the future in architecture and engineering**

Moving forward with Machine Learning

The integration of Machine Learning in architecture can be very beneficial in reducing the carbon footprint and sustainable building design. It presents the way forward in architecture and construction.

OmDayal Group of Institutions: Cultivating excellence in the next generation of engineers

The OmDayal Group of Institutions was established in 2010 with a vision to prepare progressive architects and engineers. The college offers engineering and architecture courses affiliated with MAKAUT (Maulana Abul Kalam Azad University of Technology). It is accredited by NAAC and approved by AICTE and COA. With a robust learning environment and experienced faculty, the students are equipped with a strong foundation. The Institute also offers Vocational Diploma courses and is affiliated with the West Bengal State Council of Technical and Vocational Education and Skill Development. It also provides flexible timing and on-job training in partnership with the National Small Industries Corporation (NSIC), Govt. of India Enterprise to facilitate better placements. A leading college in West Bengal, OmDayal Group of Institutions, holistically prepares its students as future professionals.

For more information, visit https://omdayal.com.

References:

5G will be one of the crucial factors in establishing and enabling advances in engineering. It offers manufacturers and telecom operators the opportunity to set up smart factories and leverage automation, artificial intelligence, augmented reality for troubleshooting, and the Internet of Things (IoT).

With its signature features such as superfast broadband, ultra-reliable low latency communication, massive machine-type communications, high reliability/availability and efficient energy usage, 5G presents the way forward. Industry digitalisation can leverage unprecedented connectivity, optimal energy and utility use to address shorter product and business life cycles. It also leverages cloud infrastructure, virtualised network core and intelligent edge services.

**5G offers seamless connectivity and fast communication in diverse industries**

5G in the field of engineering

5G and the automotive industry – With 5G technology, the first generation of automated cars will be manufactured. A surreal collaboration between an autonomous car and a smart city can be seen. The automatic car will be able to sense and choose the optimal route on the roads with the ETA based on traffic data communicated from other cards and roadways. Another feature will be the facilitation by 5G for smart parking through efficient management of parking spaces, thereby reducing traffic and pollution. The union of the 5G network and intelligent devices will make the system scalable. The development of Artificial Intelligence and 5G supported Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X) communication will play a key role in enhancing the efficiency of traffic and reducing collisions.

**5G plays a vital role in the production of the next generation of smart cars**

Healthcare Sector – It is estimated that more than $1 trillion in products and services will be enabled by 5G for the global healthcare sector. Patients can wear a medical remote sensor which will transmit their vital signs to the healthcare providers. This data can be duly monitored by the doctors and provide medical advice via a webcam. In this way, instead of patients approaching doctors, the patients and doctors can be connected worldwide. It will also eliminate expensive in-patient care by connecting more medical devices to IoT, which will enable doctors to monitor patients remotely. Digital imaging and scan reports can be sent anywhere across the globe for expert analysis. Wearable devices like fitness trackers and smart watches can transmit vital statistics to doctors and notify doctors of any changes immediately. The elderly and physically challenged people will be significantly benefitted from these services.
5G and the Internet of Things (IoT) – 5G is ten times faster than 4G. Thus, it can connect seamlessly with multiple devices at a time, and it could eliminate the problems involving latency in cellular networks. It can connect to the cloud for storage, which can quickly solve the network latency issues, which will lead to increased efficiency and allow more connected devices. Since 5G will be able to swiftly transmit data, more connected devices could be set up by companies without the fear of an overcrowded network, worsening existing latency issues. Thus, 5G can help solve the most prominent mobile development challenges and fulfil the potential of ultrafast networks, powerful mobile devices and limitless developer imagination.

The vital functional drivers of 5G will unlock a broad range of opportunities, including optimising service delivery, decision-making, and end-user experience. It will result in $13.2 trillion in global economic value by 2035, generating 22.3 million jobs in the 5G global value chain alone.

**5G revolutionising healthcare by providing more connectivity between doctors and patients**

OmDayal Group of Institutions: Pioneering Education

The Institute also provides flexible timing and on-job training in partnership with the National Small Industries Corporation (NSIC), Govt. of India Enterprise, to facilitate better placements. A leading college in West Bengal, Om Dayal Group of Institutions, holistically prepares its students as future professionals.

For more information, visit: https://omdayal.com.

References:

The Covid-19 pandemic has changed the world and compelled us to adapt to the new normal. There is a conscious change in how we live, work, eat or entertain. Architects speculate how these changes will influence the next generation of homes, offices and other buildings around us. In the face of transformation, we have to learn to live with increased isolation and reduced contact. In the post pandemic world, adaptability and creation of spaces will be more functional than aesthetic. The several changes in diverse architectural forms are as follows:

Homes or Living Spaces

Designing homes or living spaces will require a whole new approach. With the possibility of being confined to the house, living spaces will be more ventilated, with a private outdoor space like a balcony or garden as a priority. The apartment schematics will reflect pandemic anxiety, as the kitchen, dining room, and living room are separate entities instead of flowing together. The bedrooms will be spaced apart for better acoustic buffering as workspaces and include more space for work desks to accommodate the work from home needs.

Technologically abled and competent homes will be the new avatar in homes. People will travel less for pleasure and focus more on their local quality of life, with a critical focus being their home. Hence, outdoor space and fresh air with daylight are perceived as lifestyle-enhancing and may become more desirable. Suburban living is preferred, which offers a more spacious home and open greens at affordable budgets.

**Private outdoor spaces are increasingly becoming popular**

Office or Work Spaces

Covid-19 calls for the prophylactic design, which means the consideration of the upkeep of health and not the mere absence of disease. Open plans at workplaces will be healthier than co-working spaces. As work from home and staggered office attendance is the new normal, segregation of desks with solid material and social distance norms will be more common. Conference-room chairs have been thinned out, and closed spaces must be exited clockwise, in unison, so that co-workers are socially distanced. As demand for virtual meetings, acoustic isolation will require architecture and furniture design innovations. An intentional blurring of the natural outdoor environments with interior space makes the office more comfortable, inviting, and healthful for the people who use it.

**Home office are easily adaptable to modern homes**

City Spaces

The big turnaround post pandemic is that public spaces in cities are accessed defensively. With public places such as restaurants, bars, hotels, and cafés reopening, people use them as the covid protocol demands. Life has transgressed majorly to an online mode, especially in the case of the retail sector. The pandemic’s impact on urbanism has emerged in small changes that can be implemented faster than a new building or zoning plan. Infrastructure like parks, pools, beaches, playgrounds and other facilities in dense urban living is anxiety-inducing. The temptation to visit them is balanced by the threat of exposure to the virus. So, architects have shifted their onus to introduce open spaces blending into the interiors. In cities and public areas, a new hygienic style has emerged.

**City infrastructure must adopt measures to protect the public**

Industry Specific Systems

Architecture is more than busy adapting to the changes in the various industry sectors. While the retail industry has witnessed a major online shift, the growing industry of the design industry is healthcare. The interior design of the increasing healthcare industry is to make hospitals and clinics as comfortable as possible and be able to mitigate crowding at any point in time. Catering to the patients’ psychological needs by incorporating design elements that spell openness, peace, and calm.

OmDayal Group of Institutions: Preparing the next generations of architects

The OmDayal Group of Institutions was established in 2010 with a vision to prepare progressive architects and engineers. The college offers engineering and architecture courses affiliated with MAKAUT (Maulana Abul Kalam Azad University of Technology). It is accredited by NAAC and approved by AICTE and COA. With a robust learning environment and experienced faculty, the students are equipped with a strong foundation. The Institute also offers Vocational Diploma courses and is affiliated with the West Bengal State Council of Technical and Vocational Education and Skill Development. It also provides flexible timing and on-job training in partnership with the National Small Industries Corporation (NSIC), Govt. of India Enterprise to facilitate better placements. A leading college in West Bengal, OmDayal Group of Institutions, holistically prepares its students as future professionals.

For more information, visit: https://omdayal.com.

References:

Gated communities or townships consist of residencies with shared amenities and streets. The demand for holiday homes and independent floors and villas within a gated community is now the prima donna of architecture. Prospective buyers look for managed standard amenities offering a healthy lifestyle and a safe environment. Thus, gated communities are on the rise in the real estate industry.

Concept of a Gated Township

The concept of townships has become extremely popular due to ever-increasing housing demand, particularly among the elite rich. It embraces the provision of basic facilities, including schools, hospitals and recreational centres. Premium and exclusive condominiums, villas, penthouses, row houses and duplexes with beautiful landscapes are the new attractions of the rich who seek a luxurious lifestyle.

High-end amenities within the apartments are a part of the package. Sought after features such as planned landscaping, huge large-scale layouts, facilities like central air conditioning, electronic access controls, swimming pools with Jacuzzis, and recreational spaces are included in luxury apartments. It makes it possible for residents to stay within the community for most daily activities.

Amenities should enhance the locational experience and make the apartment a coherent part of the natural surroundings. Residencies now emphasise smart living, greener homes and ample space to accommodate work and learn from home for the family members.

The location is also a significant factor as it should signify pride and dignity for the customer. The connectivity to retail, education and entertainment areas also adds value to the homeowner.

**Luxury Apartment with modern facilities, ample space and home office**

Requirement of a Gated Township

The gated township must be stylish, striking, and a symbol of the global lifestyle. Alongside with multi-layered security facility, it is considered a must-have by customers.

Exclusivity is the key feature. Right from the apartment premises, everything should be exclusive. The entrance foyer, the parking areas, the lift lobbies, fine interiors of the apartments, fully equipped kitchen, and utility spaces – should be well designed.

The scope for providing amenities is becoming increasingly evident by the day. Landscaped gardens with lakes and waterer fall, temperature-controlled swimming pools, a well-equipped Clubhouse, conference halls, sports area, gymnasium, squash courts, yoga room, tennis courts, fitness centre, cafe, salon, spas, lavish decks are all the essential features. These are for the luxurious baby boomers.

Brand millennials are educated, tech-savvy, curious, goal-oriented, financially astute, eco-conscious, and trendy. They think Green and opt for energy-efficient appliances such as high-efficiency stoves, refrigerators, washing machines, water heaters, furnaces, or air conditioning units. They seek pet-friendly and low maintenance houses. Millennials enjoy entertaining, and they prefer an open floor plan that fully engages the homeowner with their guests in a casual fashion. Also, a home office workspace is a must-have.

**An example of an open concept floor plan**

Choosing a home in gated townships

Indians are better placed monetarily now and demand world-class amenities with value-added services. Builders are willing to comply with customers eager to spend handsomely for better facilities. The security and well-being of the residents are of primary importance. Therefore, a layered security system with home level burglar alarms and security cameras and personnel at the entrance gates becomes mandatory.

Premium and luxury segments account for 14-15% of overall gated communities. Their contribution may go up to 20% in the next five years. The industry is shifting towards ready to move in houses, especially in condominiums and integrated townships. They offer a secured environment with more lavish amenities and facilities within the gated communities. Independent floors remain an attractive investment option due to lower investment costs.

While Millennials, with more investment income, continue to play a dominant role in today’s housing market. This generation knows what it wants, so gated townships are transcending to include features of green appliances, pet-friendly landscaping, and WFH capabilities. It is time to tout the open spaces inside and the low-maintenance outdoors.

**Modern homes emphasise security with new features including CCTV and locking systems**

Pioneers in Education

The Institute also offers Vocational Diploma courses and is affiliated with the West Bengal State Council of Technical and Vocational Education and Skill Development. It also provides flexible timing and on-job training in partnership with the National Small Industries Corporation (NSIC), Govt. of India Enterprise to facilitate better placements. A leading college in West Bengal, OmDayal Group of Institutions, holistically prepares its students as future professionals.

For more information, visit: https://omdayal.co m

References:

The incorporation of steel has been an essential innovation in architecture. It facilitates stronger and taller structures with reduced construction costs than stone, wood or brick. It also ensures greater unsupported spans over openings and interior and exterior spaces. The evolution of a steel frame in construction changed the entire concept of the wall and support technique in architecture.

**Incorporating steel in architecture was a game-changer**

History of Steel Architecture

In the history of architecture, Cast Iron was the first metal substituted for traditional and structural materials to build bridges. Its ability to bear loads, resistance to fire and corrosion encouraged architects to adapt. In the 19th century, cast iron was replaced mainly by steel, which is more uniformly robust, elastic and workable, with inherently high resistance. The Eiffel Tower, constructed in 1887-89 by Gustave Eiffel in Paris, stands as an ideal example of this transition. Other iconic steel structures such as the Brooklyn Bridge (the world’s first suspension bridge) constructed in 1883 and the world’s first steel skyscraper, the Home Insurance Building in Chicago, were also built.

Attributes of Steel as a Construction Material

Steel as a building material has specific attributes by which it has numerous applications and wide usage in architecture and construction:

Steel structures weigh less than typical structures.
It has high strength, is ductile, can be made into different shapes, and withstand high pressure.
It is highly durable with a longer lifespan than other construction materials and requires less maintenance.
With the ability to be prefabricated, it requires less construction time.
Its properties are controllable and predictable, unlike concrete.
Steel may be an expensive choice for construction material but is more economical in the long run.
It can be recycled on a large scale and hence a sustainable construction material.

**Steel in more durable and is cost-effective in the long-term**

Applications and Usage of Steel in Architecture

In architecture, steel has a wide range of possibilities.

Skyscrapers – In constructing tall buildings, steel is the primary material. Steel is used in beams, frames and trusses. The tallest building in the world, the 830 m high Burj Khalifa, is built from steel-reinforced concrete. Its spire, about 200 m high, is constructed from structural steel. The 1000 m high Jeddah Towers, with a construction area of 530,000 sq. m., will be the centrepiece of the Jeddah Economic City Development in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, near the Red Sea.
Long Spans – Steel allows long clear spans, which result in flexible internal spaces. Currently, the world’s longest clear span belongs to the Dallas Cowboys stadium in the US with two colossal arches, rising 292 feet above the ground and spanning 1225 feet in length. Both these are covered with a single retractable roof, covering a total area of 73 acres.
Cantilevers – Traditionally, cantilevers made of concrete could extend up to 1.5 to 2 m without buckling. With the use of steel, cantilevers can extend 40 times in length. The world’s longest cantilever is in South Korea’s Busan Cinema Centre and is 85 m long. Its gigantic roof is 163 m long and 60 m wide.
Finishings – Steel can also be used as a cladding material and framing doors and windows. Various buildings in modern architecture showcase steel as a finishing material. It can be used as straight and inclined columns to create a dramatic effect. Steel Frame Structure Foundation – Steel framed structure construction begins with the construction of the foundation of the building. The reinforced bearing pads or strip foundation help transfer loads to the soil capable of bearing this load.
Floor Systems – Steel frame structure construction in floors supports vertically applied loads. They act like diaphragms and resist lateral loads through the use of bracings.

With its many desirable characteristics, which make steel suitable for many applications in construction, steel has become popular in the fields of architecture and construction.

Inculcating Excellence in the Next Generation of Architects

The OmDayal Group of Institutions was established in 2010 with a vision to prepare progressive architects and engineers. The college offers engineering and architecture courses affiliated with MAKAUT (Maulana Abul Kalam Azad University of Technology). It is accredited by NAAC, and the Architecture and Engineering courses are approved by AICTE and COA. With a robust learning environment and experienced faculty, the students are equipped with a strong foundation. The Institute also offers Vocational Diploma courses and is affiliated with the West Bengal State Council of Technical and Vocational Education and Skill Development. It also provides flexible timing and on-job training in partnership with the National Small Industries Corporation (NSIC), Govt. of India Enterprise to facilitate better placements. A leading college in West Bengal, OmDayal Group of Institutions, holistically prepares its students as future professionals.

For more information, visit https://omdayal.com.

References:

Carbon neutrality refers to a state of net-zero carbon dioxide emissions. It is achieved by balancing carbon emissions with carbon offsetting or reducing and eliminating emissions from society. Carbon emission can be associated with processes in the transport industry, energy production, autonomous robotics technology, architectural projects and others. Accountability of carbon footprints and moving towards “Net Zero” is a commitment toward decarbonization and climate action by including more activities under the scope of indirect emissions of carbon.

Efforts to Reduce Carbon Emissions

The endeavours toward reducing carbon emissions through engineering are summarised as follows:

In the manufacturing industry, manufacturers can lower their carbon dioxide emissions management of eco-design. It is achieved by minimizing the environmental impact by using biodegradable materials, substituting the input material and designing with fewer input materials and lightweight designs. Processes from material extraction and supply to the end of the life cycle should be environmentally friendly.

Additive manufacturing uses less energy, produces fewer waste products and is highly versatile. ⁽¹⁾ In the actual process, two carbon dioxide molecules are made for every molecule of ammonia produced. But producing ammonia through electrochemical processes could reduce the carbon footprint and global energy usage on a larger scale. ⁽²⁾

In Autonomous Robotics, mobile robots used for various applications such as mapping, rescue, hazard detection and others; rely on traditional energy resources such as oil and electricity, which produce toxic emissions and a carbon footprint. Shifting to solar energy as an option could help mitigate the carbon emissions and damage ecosystems. ⁽³⁾

**The adoption of sustainable practices to reduce carbon emissions**

Sustainable Adaptations in Architecture

In Architecture, architects can make significant impacts during the building stages of the project. Renovation and reuse of buildings can save 50 to 75 per cent of embodied carbon emissions compared to the construction of new buildings. Specify low carbon concrete mixes by using fly ash, slag, and calcined clays should be made feasible.

In construction, materials such as aluminium, plastics, and foam insulation can reduce the carbon footprint.

Choosing low carbon materials and choosing carbon sequestering materials can significantly impact the embodied carbon in a project. Using straw and hemp insulation, which are annually renewable, is a good option instead of wood.

The reuse of materials is energy efficient. Whenever possible, the preference to salvage materials such as bricks, metals, broken concrete, or wood is an eco-friendly option.

Carbon emissions can be reduced by using high-recycled materials, fewer finish metals and minimizing waste. These contribute toward carbon savings and carbon sequestering. ⁽⁴⁾

Sustainable Adaptations in Engineering

Engineering solutions in the transport industry, such as the proliferation of engineered Electrical vehicles, green lanes, and Eco-Driving, can reduce fuel consumption in the transport industry and reduce carbon footprint. ⁽⁵⁾

Connectivity will be a crucial enabler for most exponential climate solutions. It is estimated that the digital technology sector is probably the world’s most potent influencer to accelerate action to stabilize global temperatures well below 2°C. While driving exponential growth in data performance, it has the opportunity to cut global emissions in half by 2030. The digital sector can also move towards 100% renewable energy demand. ⁽⁶⁾

**Engineering helps the transition towards renewable sources of energy to reduce carbon emission**

Sustainability and carbon emission management techniques are the way forward to address the imminent risk of tipping points in the Earth’s life support systems by efficiently reducing the carbon footprint so evident today.

OmDayal Group of Institutions: Providing High-Quality Education

The OmDayal Group of Institutions was established in 2010 with a vision to prepare progressive architects and engineers. The college offers engineering and architecture courses affiliated with MAKAUT (Maulana Abul Kalam Azad University of Technology). It is accredited by NAAC, and the Architecture and Engineering courses are approved by AICTE and COA. With a robust learning environment and experienced faculty, the students are equipped with a strong foundation. The Institute also offers Vocational Diploma courses and is affiliated with the West Bengal State Council of Technical and Vocational Education and Skill Development. It also provides flexible timing and on-job training in partnership with the National Small Industries Corporation (NSIC), Govt. of India Enterprise to facilitate better placements. A leading college in West Bengal, OmDayal Group of Institutions, holistically prepares its students as future professionals.

For more information, visit: https://omdayal.com

References:

Automation is about designing a system capable of operating and making decisions independently that requires little to no human involvement. It is an autonomous integration of different mechanics at play, reducing human efforts and assuring fewer defects for various products. It is applicable in multiple fields.

Engineering harnesses the power of automation to develop devices and design sites and data for companies to run their operations smoothly. It allows going beyond the traditional methods of production.

**Automation is applied in many industries**

Application of automation in engineering

The word ‘automation’ was coined in 1947 and has become an indispensable part of our lives. ⁽¹⁾ Almost every human task or industrial production requires machines, and automation provides several benefits.

Engineering is another aspect that affects humans at every level! It has modernised and upgraded everyday tasks conceivable.

Automation in engineering allows for the smooth functioning of various manufacturing and computer processes. Automation engineers update, change and program existing or new technologies to reduce human effort and monitoring!

Broadly dividing the engineering sector into two sections, there are several implementations of automation in the industry:

Mechanical engineering: Automation in this sector focuses on designing, manufacturing and developing controls for complex and minimal machines, making them easier to produce.

The automotive industry is heavily reliant on streamlining within its production process. Robots handle complex and heavy machinery building, allowing faster and better output. Artificial intelligence is a subdivision of automation that allows driverless/autonomous cars. ⁽²⁾ These devices learn from their surroundings to improve functionality and efficiency using different sensors.
Another ingenuity of automation in the engineering field is – ‘Machine Vision’ (MV). It detects flaws, facilitates practical positioning, bar code reading, etc. ⁽³⁾ It works like the eye of cameras and smart sensors devices. MV is an amalgamation of mechanical and software engineering. ⁽²⁾

**Automation in automobile production line**

Software engineering: Businesses are increasingly adopting automation to run things smoothly.

‘Chatbots’ are one example that navigates customers to the right person or solution for their enquiries. These bots give an automated response to the pre-stated questions. It reduces the time spent by each employee and client as simple doubts like – tracking details.
Self-checkouts at grocery stores have reduced human effort and involvement. Aside from saving costs for the company, it also reduces waiting time for the customers.

**Automation in software engineering concept**

Does automation create or destroy jobs?

While automation is a part of most industries, improving products and services for companies, the question arises of whether it creates or reduces jobs. Since the industrial revolution, workers have been concerned that machines might replace manual tasks, hence their jobs. According to Harvard Business Review, The World Economic Forum estimates that by 2025, technology will generate about 12 million more jobs than it destroys. ⁽⁴⁾ Although there can be various aspects in play, like education and training.

Automation is ushering the world into a new era of development! Harnessing the technique with care can help unlock technologies for safer and more reliable products and services.

OmDayal Group of Institutions: Aiming for excellence

Established in 2010, The OmDayal Group of Institutions offer courses affiliated with MAKAUT (Maulana Abul Kalam Azad University of Technology), accredited by NAAC and AICTE and approved by COA. We offer a wide range of courses in the engineering field to prepare future architects and engineers with world-class infrastructure, qualified faculty and updated course structures. Students are provided with multiple opportunities for comprehensive development and growth.

We train students and prepare them for future interviews by focusing on soft skill development.

For more information, visit https://omdayal.com

Reference:

Digital Twinning in Engineering and Architecture is a dynamic and updated replica of the product, process, system or facility. It aims at stimulating, predicting and advocating decisions in engineering, architecture and construction. ⁽¹⁾

The concept has been adopted for decades, particularly in the aerospace industry. Digital twinning replicates the physical assets of a building, a campus, a city or an infrastructure; that collates design, construction and real-time operational data using digital technology.

The benefits of Digital Twinning are manifold. It helps to give a multidimensional view into how an asset is designed and its performance using space utilization and traffic patterns. It is applied across industries to monitor performance and detect issues, simulate design without building a physical object, and provide visibility into a building or machine without the need for physical access. The impact of the invention, weather disruptions, security events, and others can be deciphered through this technology.

Digital twinning works by integrating the building’s system, sensor and utility meter data with intelligent multidimensional models. The ‘digital twin’ has the behavioural and operational awareness required to simulate, predict and inform the decisions based on real-world conditions. The technology provides many benefits, including improved data sharing, collaboration, safety, and trustworthiness. It also provides increased productivity, the capability to manage operations in real-time, conduct simulations and experiments, cost-effectiveness, and optimize asset performance and sustainability. ⁽²⁾

**Digital Twin of a car during manufacturing**

Types of Digital Twins:

Each type of digital twin possesses a greater degree of maturity and digital transformation, offering increased value to the business.

Status Twins are typically used for basic condition monitoring applications such as dashboards and simple alerting systems. Status twins include operating parameters and are created with visualization tools.
Operational twins provide more detailed information than status twins, allowing for use in decision making. These types of twins are linked to a set of actions or workflows so that users can interact with the twin and change operating parameters by informing decisions.
Simulation Twins different leverage types of simulation and uses AI capabilities to predict, forecast or provide insight into future operational states. It can be used for predictive maintenance or to improve the recovery yield of a processing plant. It operates using advanced algorithms for simulation and 3D visualization.

**Digital Twin concept in Architecture**

Application in Industries

Digital twinning has various benefits when applied to industries.

In the Architecture and Engineering Sector, a digital twin is in the form of an inbuilt asset. In the design of an office building, there is a digital replica of the entire building, which is a digital twin. The further detailed design incorporation becomes more accessible and accurate. Project life- cycles can be predicted well.
In the Manufacturing Industry, a digital twin is a virtual representation of the real-world product or asset, with an additional benefit of continuous real-time data from the object. It helps to improve business practices, reduce downtime and increase the ROI.
In the Construction industry, the simulation power of Digital twinning has a significant impact because it incorporates raw data, and the digital simulations can develop blueprints. The Construction companies thus have a foolproof method to conduct operations. ⁽¹⁾

Despite its benefits, the adoption of Digital Twinning in the Engineering and Construction Industry faces challenges and is slow to be adopted.

Technology – Digital twinning is nascent and requires time, skilled resources, proper governance and a clear implementation strategy. Many Engineering and Construction companies yet do not possess in house expertise. They need to depend on an outsourced technology service provider.
Financial – Incorporation of digital twinning need an upfront investment with a long ROI period. Companies should consider value addition to the project when initiating a digital twinning project decision. Projects should be prioritized where this technology is required. Not every project will eventually need the Digital Twinning technology.
Cultural – Challenges aim to slow the adoption of ant new technology and apply it to digital twinning.
Structure of the Industry – is a challenge per se. The procurement practices, fragmented nature of the industry and more should be assessed while considering the cost-benefit analysis in adopting the digital twinning technology of that particular industry.

Digital Twinning can simulate real-life situations and thus facilitate optimizing the systems and processes and is particularly beneficial in its application to the architecture and engineering industry.

**Futuristic concept of Digital Twinning**

OmDayal Group of Institutions

The OmDayal Group of Institutions was established in 2010 with a vision to prepare progressive architects and engineers. The college offers engineering and architecture courses affiliated with MAKAUT (Maulana Abul Kalam Azad University of Technology). It is accredited by NAAC, and the Architecture and Engineering courses are approved by AICTE and COA. With a robust learning environment and experienced faculty, the students are equipped with a strong foundation. The Institute also offers Vocational Diploma courses and is affiliated with the West Bengal State Council of Technical and Vocational Education and Skill Development. It also provides flexible timing and on-job training in partnership with National Small Industries Corporation (NSIC), Govt. of India Enterprise to facilitate better placements. A leading college in West Bengal, OmDayal Group of Institutions, holistically prepares its students as future professionals.

For more information, visit: https://omdayal.com.

References:

In an era where the Earth is being devastated by climate change and global warming, scientists have developed the concept of Green Engineering.

Green Engineering is the concept of design, commercialization and use of products and processes to reduce pollution, promote sustainability and minimize negative impacts on human health and the environment without reducing economic viability and efficiency. It uses cost-effectiveness as a significant factor in designing and developing a process or product.

Principles of Green Engineering

The need for Green Engineering is based on 12 Principles:

Inherent Rather than Circumstantial – Engineers and designers ensure that all material and energy are inherently non-hazardous.
Prevention instead of Treatment – The principle essentially means proactively avoiding creating waste rather than treating or cleaning up post-formation.
Design for Separation – The processes of Separation and Purification operations is designed to minimize energy consumption and materials used in the engineering process.
Maximize Efficiency – As per Green Engineering, the processes, products, and systems should be designed to maximize energy, space, mass and time efficiency.
Conserve Complexity – While making design choice decisions on recycling, reuse or beneficial waste disposal, the engineering system should consider the complexity and degree of randomness in the system.
Output Pulled vs Input Pushed – In Green Engineering, the systems should be output pulled rather than input pushed by energy and materials.
Durability rather than Immortality – The design goal in Green Engineering should be focused on durability.
Meet Need, Minimize Excess – The concept of One Size Fits All solutions is a fundamental design flaw, but design for unnecessary capacity or capability.
Minimize Material Diversity – Multi-component products can be minimized to promote disassembly and value retention.
Integrate Material and Energy Flows – Integration and Interconnectivity with the available energy and materials must be included in the design of products and processes.
Designed for a Commercial Afterlife – Products, processes and systems should be prepared for performance in a commercial afterlife.
Renewable Rather than Depleting – Material and Energy input should be of the renewable type. Depletable sources should be avoided.

**Incorporating Green engineering objectives to design**

Incorporating Different Methods and Practices

Green Engineering encompasses a continuously evolving group of methods and materials from technology to techniques to generate energy. The way forward includes deploying engineering processes to manufacture products, reducing waste and pollution and innovation in developing alternatives to traditional technology.

A Green future can be built through policy, education, incentives, government-industry interface, continuous innovation and application of technology.

OmDayal Group of Institutions: Inculcating Excellence

With a robust learning environment and experienced faculty, the students are instilled with a strong foundation. The Institute also offers Vocational Diploma courses and is affiliated with the West Bengal State Council of Technical and Vocational Education and Skill Development. It also provides flexible timing and on-job training in partnership with National Small Industries Corporation (NSIC), Govt. of India Enterprise to facilitate better placements. A leading college in West Bengal, OmDayal Group of Institutions, holistically prepares its students to be future professionals.

For more information, visit: https://omdayal.com.

References:

The energy produced from natural renewable sources and readily replenished is termed Renewable Energy. These sources are sunlight, water, wind, tides, geothermal heat and biomass found in nature. Architecture and building design with a strategy to include renewable energy resources in the 21st century will be a crucial disruption. New energy options and energy alternatives give shape to environment-friendly Green Buildings.

Green Building Features

Features that contribute to making a Green Building are:

Efficient use of energy, water and other renewable resources.
Incorporation of pollution and waste reduction processes and supporting re-use and recycling waste.
Good indoor environmental air quality index.
Use of materials that are non-toxic, ethical and sustainable.
Consideration of the environment in design, construction and operation.
Reviewing the quality of life of occupants in design, construction and operation.
Structures that enable adaptation to changing climates.

Green Buildings may be office, home, school, hospital, community centre, or any other type of building that includes the features listed above.

Applications of Renewable Energy in Architecture & Urban Development

It is essential to understand the various types of Renewable resources and their application in Architecture and Building Design.

Solar Energy – Topping the list of sources of Renewable Energy Resources, Solar Energy is a sustainable, safe and reliable resource. Solar power converts sunlight into electricity directly through photovoltaic (PV) cells or indirectly using Concentrated Solar Power (CSP). It is the cheapest form of renewable energy source, and their integration in building design is evident now. It can pump water, can be used for refrigeration, communication and charging batteries. Architects are busy innovating scale, proportion, material, colour scheme, and balance of buildings to include this technology in design. In 2014, the Netherlands unveiled the ‘solar bike paths in an endeavour to harness this energy. The Solar Road bike path comprises concrete modules, each measuring 2.5 to 3.5 metres, embedded with solar panels covered in tempered glass.
Wind Energy – It is generated when wind turbines convert the kinetic energy in the wind into mechanical power that runs a generator to produce clean energy, sans any greenhouse gas emissions. About 1% of the global energy generation comes from wind power. A 2-megawatt turbine can produce emission-free energy to power 500 homes for one year! Today, wind energy is a widely developed form of alternative energy globally. Wind energy may also be used in design for natural ventilation and temperature regulation in buildings and thereby reduce energy consumption by replacing air conditioners. The Masdar City in Abu Dhabi has tried to create natural ventilation by catching wind from above and percolating it to the lower levels, akin to the traditional Wind towers mechanism.
Hydropower – It is the power derived from the kinetic energy of flowing or falling water in water bodies like lakes, streams, reservoirs, rivers, dams and lagoons. Water energy is also harnessed to generate electricity in the naturally occurring water cycle when water evaporates to form clouds that come down as rain. This technology is well-proven and reliable, there is little use of fuel in the generation, and so emissions are very low. The amount of energy produced depends on the volume of water and also the sources of water available, especially in urban areas. Hydel power dams are productive in the use of this renewable energy.
Geothermal Energy -It is a clean and renewable resource derived from the heat of the Earth. It can be harnessed almost from anywhere to produce heat and electricity. It can be recognised in hot springs, geothermal energy is used for residential heating and cooling, and electricity generation. Geothermal energy is the most sustainable system of energy. A cold country as Iceland generates the country’s 25% total energy production from geothermal energy.
Biomass Energy -For Green Buildings, Biomass Energy is the most conducive yet under-utilised energy source. Biomass is an organic material that originates from plants and animals and is a valuable renewable energy source. The biomass contains stored energy from the sun, which is released as heat on burning. It can be converted to liquid biofuel or biogas also. By-products of the agricultural industry such as wood, straw, sugarcane may be green resources. These are available locally and at a low cost to support housing for all.

Architects are directing research and knowledge towards the development of Green Buildings; and, thus, increasing the efficiency of buildings by using renewable sources of energy, water and materials. The impact of good design and using the sustainable resources in the building has a definite effect on human health and the environment through better design, construction, operation and maintenance. By supporting local renewable resources, the community economies are strengthened, thereby setting up affordable housing and reducing economic inequality.

**Incorporating Renewable Energy Sources in Urban Development**

OmDayal Group of Institutions: Constant Innovation

The OmDayal Group of Institutions was established in 2010 with a vision to prepare progressive architects and engineers. The college offers engineering and architecture courses affiliated with MAKAUT (Maulana Abul Kalam Azad University of Technology). It is accredited by NAAC, and the Architecture and Engineering courses are approved by AICTE and COA. With a robust learning environment and experienced faculty, the students are instilled with a strong foundation. It also provides flexible timing and on-job training in partnership with National Small Industries Corporation (NSIC), Govt. of India Enterprise to facilitate better placements. A leading college in West Bengal, OmDayal Group of Institutions, prepares its students with a holistic approach to turn out as complete future professionals.

For more information, visit: https://omdayal.com.

References:

Robotics is the interdisciplinary branch of technology that deals with the design, construction, operation and application of robots. It aims to develop machines that can replicate human actions. ⁽¹⁾ Mechanical engineering is a significant branch in engineering, having to its credit the design and uses of some wonders such as aeroplanes, ships, automobiles, and automation. Robotics in mechanical engineering encompasses the composition and structure of robots. It aims to design intelligent machines that can help and assist humans in their day-to-day lives and keep them safe when used in dangerous environments.

A team of engineers working on a robotic model

Robotics: Scope and Applications

Robots are effective in high-risk environments, like inspection of radioactive materials, bomb detection and deactivation and manufacturing processes. Robots may be made of any form and size. Still, the bio-inspired models are designed to resemble human conditions and can replicate human behaviours. They can simulate human speech, cognition, walking, lifting and other human activities. Robots may require user input to operate, while different types may function autonomously. ⁽¹⁾

Robotics Engineering has a broad set of applications. Robots are used in the manufacturing, assembly, packaging, earth and space, transport, weaponry, surgery, research and mass production of consumer durables and industrial goods. On integration with IA, robots could learn to perform tasks more accurately, reliably and cheaply than humans. ⁽²⁾

With such a vast and ever-advancing arena of Robotics, the career avenues for Mechanical Engineering students are limitless. The college degree awarded will be a Mechanical Engineering degree, but many institutes may offer a specialised Robotics Engineering degree. These engineers can find jobs in the industries that use robotics at scales, such as manufacturing, energy, healthcare, and mining.

With the trend of continuous technology advancement, Robotics Engineering will be a much-in-demand career. Human Resource demand will be high, with good salary pay-outs. The skills essential to pursue a career in Robotics Engineering will typically be:

Building or hands-on construction of the robots and the tools and processes to build the robots. Being adept at 3D printing technology will be favourable too.
Computer-aided Draft and Design to work upon blueprints for the robotic systems using 3D modelling programs.
Research and Development – Robotic systems require research, redesign and upgradations. So, academic researchers, experts at critical thinking and soft skills, analysis and communications will enable valuable knowledge in research and design.

Robotic Engineers in jobs are primarily responsible for designing, testing, and building robots that perform functions faster, efficiently, safer, and cost-efficiently than humans. Responsibilities of a Robotic Engineer will include:

Defining problems, data collection, and presenting facts and conclusions
Evaluating and calibrating systems for optimal efficiency
Maintaining accurate records and documents
Programming of the complex robotics systems
Reading, writing, analysis, and interpretation of the technical procedures and schematics
Research, develop and sustain robotics systems and components
Troubleshoot the robotics systems and applications
Write software, build electronics, and design mechanisms

Based on their job responsibilities, the Job roles of the Robotic Engineers may be Robotic Research Engineers, Robotic Engineers for the manufacturing as Robotic Test Engineers or Automation System Engineers. They can efficiently function from the designing phase to the machinery assembly line phase in the robotic industry. Robotic Engineers are skilled and responsible for creating an integrated environment between the people and machinery.

The marvels of Robotic Engineering are evident. The popularity of Google Home, Amazon Echo and Apple’s Siri are unprecedented. The concept of Smart Homes for convenience and the ability to save on utility improves upon comfort and security. The world of computing is boundless, and the future of Robotics in mechanical engineering is bright.

Robotics in Industry 4.0

Industry 4.0 refers to the present industrial revolution, which is being driven by the advancement of robots, automation, and the internet of things (IoT). The term “Industry 4.0” denotes an era of “smart” systems and digital integration; it was coined in 2011. The related trend is reverberating throughout practically every business on the planet.

Robotics, automation, and artificial intelligence (AI) are expected to take control as the global industrial industry approaches its fourth revolution. The number of active industrial robots globally is rising by about 14% year on year, and automation results in new types of robots with increased usefulness and function. Future factories will most certainly include robots and people working together to fulfil customer demand – a unique environment for which business owners need to be prepared.

Robotics can:

Improve productivity
Lower overhead costs
Innovative technology can reduce human error ⁽³⁾

Imparting High-Quality Education

OmDayal Group of Institutions is a private engineering and architecture college located in Uluberia, Howrah, West Bengal, India. It offers four-year undergraduate (B.Tech & B.Arch) engineering and five-year architecture degrees. In engineering, it provides courses in four disciplines – Computer Science and Engineering, Mechanical Engineering, Civil Engineering and Electrical Engineering. The college is accredited by NAAC, approved by AICTE and COA, and affiliated with Maulana Abul Kalam Azad University of Technology (MAKAUT). Opened in 2010, it has is a fully-digital library with ten systems having access to E-Journals, E-books and CDs/DVDs. It also provides students with all the basic infrastructural facilities for a smooth learning experience.

OmDayal offers flexible and on-job training in partnership with the National Small Industries Corporation (NSIC), a Government of India Enterprise, to facilitate better placement opportunities.

References:

3D printing is a highly novel concept with exciting and unique advantages in engineering and manufacturing. With ever changing aspirations and paradigms in the global populous, 3D printing in technology has been the point of disruption. The world can access changes in manufactured products as swiftly as the people’s paradigms changed- the pace which was challenging to the traditional manufacturing process.

Also known as Additive Manufacturing (AM), 3D printing is a revolution in the engineering and manufacturing industry, enabling the making of a three-dimensional physical model based on a digital model. The 3D printer uses Computer-aided design (CAD) to make 3D structures from powders or molten plastic. ⁽¹⁾

3D printing has great potential in the medical device industry. They have been used in healthcare to produce parts to repair faulty ventilators during the COVID-19 pandemic. Classrooms display 3D dinosaurs and mechanical components as teaching aids. Since its emergence about three decades back, 3D printing has gained more industrial significance than before. Its market share has grown exponentially into a billion-dollar revenue system and is forecasted to rise more globally. ⁽²⁾

3D printed material being used in the field of engineering

Significance of 3D Printing

3D printers are as highly reliable and quick as rapid prototyping in technology. They are versatile vis a vis the tools used and what they can print. This technology has helped the manufacturing industry save a considerable cost outlay and time spent on R&D to produce designs in a matter of hours. It dramatically accelerates the design process because components can be obtained within a few hours and design change is possible.
3D printing is easy and cheap, displacing the lengthy and costly process of machining the prototype. Print on demand is possible, saving on an extensive and expensive inventory freeing up inventory space and financial assets. 3D printing designs can be stored as CAD and STL files, as a virtual library to be printed only when required.
Plastic is used as the primary raw material in 3D printing. Although inferior to steel and aluminium, the plastics are lighter, making them more viable in automobile parts manufacturing making the vehicle more fuel-efficient.
3D printing services generate significantly less waste, and raw material costs are minimized. It also ensures reduced production phases and an overall low cost of operations. Resource optimization is possible with minimal supervision and reduced labour costs.
Setting up a 3D printer can be costly, so that the services may be outsourced to a 3D Printer service provider. In this way, budgets and costs can be controlled.
3D printing can be more environmentally sustainable. The technology is simplified with minimal wastage and makes products that are durable, ergonomic and 50% lighter than the standard manufactured ones. The 3D printing technology can be made more environmentally sustainable as component size can be modified to conserve the materials and resources.

3D printing process of a Jet Turbine Propeller

3D Printing: Challenges

With a plethora of significance, 3D printing is also faced with some real challenges. The range of raw materials is not comprehensive. The build volume is limited, which disables the production of components bigger than the build chamber. Most 3D parts require extensive post-processing, which spurs up manual processing costs. 3D Printing may not be a safe manufacturing tool when huge volumes are needed. Above all, most 3D printing materials are neither recyclable nor food safe. It makes their usage limited. ⁽¹⁾

3D Printing is a game-changer in the manufacturing industry. It is commercially successful due to the quality and speed at which it works.

OmDayal Group of Institutions: Taking Pride in Imparting Education

The OmDayal Group of Institutions was established in 2010 with a vision to prepare progressive architects and engineers. The college offers engineering and architecture courses affiliated with MAKAUT (Maulana Abul Kalam Azad University of Technology). It is accredited by NAAC, and the Architecture and Engineering courses are approved by AICTE and COA. With a robust learning environment and experienced faculty, the students are equipped with a strong foundation. The Institute also offers Vocational Diploma courses and is affiliated with the West Bengal State Council of Technical and Vocational Education and Skill Development. It also provides flexible timing and on-job training in partnership with National Small Industries Corporation (NSIC), Govt. of India Enterprise to facilitate better placements. A leading college in West Bengal, OmDayal Group of Institutions, holistically prepares its students as future professionals.

For more information, visit: https://omdayal.com.

References:

It is safe to say that hands-on experience has become a vital prerequisite to getting a job in your desired career choice. With growing globalization and more technologies developed daily, new skill sets are required for different job profiles. Attaining these new skills cannot be achieved through books alone.

Engineering universities have recently adopted experiential learning to develop soft skills and prepare students for the real world. Going beyond textbooks and classrooms and experimenting with their knowledge helps the students solve problems in real time. Even if a student has zero practical expertise in their fields, colleges have embraced ways to prepare students and help them gain new experience.

David Kolb’s theory of experiential learning:

David Allen Kolb is an American educational theorist who says that knowledge is created by transforming experience in real life. ⁽¹⁾ His theory named – Kolb’s theory of experiential learning is often referred to when applying the technique into use. ⁽²⁾ It is divided into four parts:

Concrete Experience: This is the first step, which emphasizes gaining new experience or working on existing one to gain new knowledge.
Reflective Observation: The students reflect on the task and the experience and communication their understanding of the same.
Abstract conceptualization: It refers to using analytical skills in abstract situations to conceptualize and solve different problems in life to gain experience.
Active experimentation: The person should be able to apply the knowledge from experience gained, which require cognitive abilities such as problem-solving and decision-making skills.

This circular model is a never-ending process of gaining new experience and applying it in real-life scenarios.

Overview of David Kolb’s Theory of Experiential Learning

The recent technique of gaming developed in experimental learning:

Learning through gaming is one common way of experiential learning and keeping the students more engaged. It has been suggested that events or activities that require collaboration and team-building help studies build a more comprehensive way of thinking, leadership and teamwork skills. ⁽³⁾

Aside from engaging the students, the aim of gamification of learning, as popularly known, is to make the learning process more fun and motivate students to keep playing, hence keep learning. Ultimately, learning different aspects of working with a team and used the subjective experience gained in real life. ⁽³⁾

Experimental learning is more open-ended in problem-solving and science than the traditional, which does not inspire creativity. ⁽³⁾

Gaming covers all the points given by Kolb. People gain new experiences, or by using pre-existing knowledge of a solving problem, one tries to use the same on current and future issues.

Kolb’s theory can be used in various other ways for a holistic approach towards education.

Advantages of experiential learning:

As established above, experiential learning is an everlasting process aiding students to gain new knowledge required to sustain themselves in this fast-paced world. Further, it gives them a sense of responsibility and critically assess their mistakes. Failing through this process is again an experience!

Adopting innovative techniques, we try to do the same and make education more experience-oriented and fun. It helps each student have a unique ability to work in the competitive world, setting them apart from the competition.

Bringing Innovation in the Education:

Since its inception in 2010, the NAAC-accredited and MAKAUT-affiliated OmDayal Group of Institutions has emerged as one of the leading architecture colleges in West Bengal. We are reputed for continuously innovating its teaching and learning curriculum to provide global standards to each student. We instil our students with a competitive edge as new-age technology professionals.

Strong management, experienced faculty and a robust learning environment are other hallmarks responsible for the spectacular success enjoyed by our institute. We also offer flexible timings and partner with National Small Industries Corporation (NSIC) to provide on-job training and excellent placement opportunities for our students.

References:

Development is a never-ending process, and the same is true for architectural designs to build a better living standard.

The Haydar Aliyev Centre was designed by Zaha Hadid incorporates Neo-Futurism

A new movement, ‘Neo-Futurism’, emerged in the late ’20s/ early 21st century, which concerns art and architecture. After World War II, the idea developed to include more human emotions and sustainability into cities’ development using modern technology and new materials.⁽¹⁾

It is seen as a step towards a realistic, modern standard of living, rejecting the post-modernist construction style which developed in the late 1960s. The post-modernist idea faced a lot of scepticism on the grounds of being unattainable and unrealistic.⁽²⁾

The central idea behind Neo-Futurism:

Neo-Futurism’s ‘Avant-grande’ designs focus on atypical forms to achieve the practicality and aesthetics of fast-developing cities. It deviates from typical and usual structures, square or rectangle buildings.

Neo-Future structures tend to side with more flowy and not very rigid buildings, ⁽³⁾ teleporting the city’s look into some sci-fi movie. The Neo-Futuristic architects believe in testing the boundaries of designs, not only that of city buildings but every other aspect of what makes a functional and sustainable city.

Characteristics of a Neo-Futuristic structure:

The construction and design of Neo-Futuristic architecture design are easily distinguishable from the ones common today:

These structures seem to spiral upward making them twist and curve. Although, it is not precisely the curves that define Neo-Futuristic designs. It is the idea of sharp deviation from the present layouts to make the cities look more pleasing.
Aside from human emotions, human values are also incorporated as a significant character of this architectural style.
Using new and different materials like glass, aluminium, and steel in their construction for a sleek and modern look.
Each architectural design is unique, and the construction idea incorporates human emotions.
Domes, spirals and everything out of the box design is a part of the Neo-Futuristic design technique.
Construction continuously embodies modern technology, making it more high-tech. ⁽³⁾⁽⁴⁾

People working around this idea:

Neo-Futuristic designs, which might seem way in the future, are a reality today:

Zaha Hadid is an architect and is known for the unique designs of her buildings. She has designed buildings like the London Aquatics Centre and the Riverside Museum, which look like a part of cities set in the future.

Another name is Santiago Calatrava, known for out-of-the-box bridge designs. Natural shapes inspire his style. Some of his captivating designs include Gare do Oriente (Lisbon Oriente Station), Reggio Emilia AV Mediopadana and Samuel Beckett Bridge.⁽⁴⁾

These structures are not only adding a touch of human feelings but making the cities more aesthetic and different from what we see today.

Aero Hive (Reference: Amazing Architecture)

Indian architect Suraksha Acharya is on the path of making India and the world more Neo-Futuristic. She won two awards for designing a hypothetical skyscraper design, Aero Hive. Her inspiration is to reduce the high consumption of energy by tall buildings.

The ever-changing definition of modern:

The idea of what is modern is ever developing and changing. The desire to be updated and keep up with the pace of new technology and what defines ‘modern’ might make the Neo-Furutistic architectural designs short-lived.

Different and innovative designs have to be developed frequently to keep up with the definition of modern and sustainable. ⁽⁵⁾

Achieve excellence through skills and learning:

Established in 2010, The OmDayal Group of Institutions offer courses affiliated with MAKAUT (Maulana Abul Kalam Azad University of Technology), accredited by NAAC and AICTE and approved by COA. We offer a wide range of courses in the engineering field with world-class infrastructure, qualified faculty and updated course structures. Students are provided with multiple opportunities for overall development and growth.

We train students and prepare them for future interviews by focusing on soft skill development.

For more information, visit https://omdayal.com.

References:

Climate Change refers to long term alterations in temperature and weather patterns. The rise in global temperatures from the 20th century to the present is an alarming consequence of climate change. Climate change may impact weather patterns to an unpredictable level. Variations in solar cycles and human activities such as burning fossil fuels (coal, oil and gas) contribute significantly to climate change. ⁽¹⁾

The generation of greenhouse gas emissions also contributes to the rise in global temperature. These greenhouse gases (carbon dioxide, methane) blanket the planet near the surface. It results in the trapping of the solar heat and raising the temperatures at an alarming point. ⁽¹⁾

The impact of climate change are pervasive. Higher temperatures may lead to aberrant natural events such as hurricanes, floods, winter storms, forest fires, excessive rain. The effect of global warming on polar regions, such as the melting of glaciers and ice sheets, has accelerated to an alarming rate. It leads to rising sea and ocean levels, frequent and heavy floods, and soil erosion on the coastlines. ⁽²⁾

Disruptions with Engineering to Address Climate Change

Atmospheric carbon-dioxide levels must be reduced to a safer threshold of 350 parts per million and a global temperature rise of not more than 1.5 degrees to address climate change. It means a reduction of 2,000 gigatonnes of CO2 from the atmosphere. A long term solution is the designing of carbon-negative societies. Engineers will have to scale up on existing technologies to disrupt climate change. The way forward will be to work on a changeover to a community powered by carbon-free energy, carbon sequestration mandates in forests, soil, geological formations, and other adaptable locations. Solar Radiation Management, deflecting some of the sunlight to reduce the atmosphere’s heat, will become a priority as we move towards the net zero-emission goals. (3)

The Disruptions

There are several opportunities to disrupt climate change by engineering. However, it will need a supportive climate policy to facilitate the decarbonization endeavours of the engineers. United Nations Climate Change Conference (COP26) deliberated on the ways to reduce carbon emissions by 2050. The methods by which engineers can contribute towards the net-zero goal are:

Solar PV panels – Engineers had mastered the technology of making Solar PV panels to harness solar energy. They are refined solar power generation by applying metal grids to the solar cell surfaces and adding an anti-reflective coating to passivate the semiconductor surface.
Role of Hydrogen – Hydrogen can play a critical role in creating a carbon-free energy system. It can be a primary renewable energy source and be used as a feedstock to make synthetic fuels replace fossil fuels. It can also be used to decarbonize industrial processes.
Hydrogen Fuel for Aviation – Aircraft emissions accounts for 2.5 per cent of global carbon emissions. The disruption strategy would be to switch to planes that run on zero-carbon fuels, such as biofuels. A greater possibility is the use of hydrogen for aviation fuel, which is being avidly researched. Suppose low carbon electricity may be used to power electrolysis. The clean hydrogen produced could be used to manufacture chemicals, materials and synthetic fuels.
Nuclear Power – Nuclear power presents another potential possibility of a zero-carbon energy source. It would have to be regionally compliant, cost-effective and environmentally friendly. It could be efficiently used to run high energy demand critical infrastructure such as hospitals, data centres, airports, trains, and sewage plants – all facilities requiring energy input around the clock. Google plans to set up 24/7 carbon-free energy data centres by 2030! Nuclear Power can be a source to provide carbon-free electricity and process heat. Newer forms of nuclear power produce fault-tolerant fuels that become less reactive as they heat.
Design of Reactors using Transmutation Technology – Another disruption could be creating reactors that recycle spent fuel to reduce the waste and needs of the mining. It could destroy long-lived waste components via transmutation technology to solve the problem of radioactive waste and promote nuclear energy as a central solution to climate change.
Sequestering CO2 Emissions – Engineers can assist in reducing carbon dioxide emissions by capturing and storing them from the power plants and preventing them from entering the atmosphere. Mangrove plantations can also act as a natural carbon sink.
Altering Radioactive Forcing – It is a transition technology measure that reflects more sunlight to space. It can be done by reducing the formation of aeroplane contrails and making roofs and other surfaces white to reflect the sunlight. It could mitigate the impact of higher temperatures’ impact until atmospheric carbon levels are reduced.
Adaptation and Mitigation – If mitigation of carbon emissions is essential, so is adaptation. A lot has been said about climate change so far. The mandate is one with a streamlined agenda from the Paris Conference in 2015 to the recently concluded COP 26 in 2021. We must adopt technologies that enable us to live sustainably. We have to act NOW. ⁽⁴⁾⁽³⁾

Visual Representation of polluting and clean energy renewable sources

Maintaining Excellence in Education

The NAAC-accredited and MAKAUT-affiliated OmDayal Group of Institutions churn out young engineers equipped to face the ever-changing landscape of disruptive technologies such as Computational Engineering. The industry-centric engineering courses offered by us include:

Civil Engineering
Electrical Engineering
Mechanical Engineering
Computer Science and Engineering

The niche training and skills required for these engineering jobs in India and abroad have inspired us to continuously upgrade the teaching and learning curriculum with global standards. We empower our students with a competitive edge and required aptitudes to excel in the new-age technology spectrum. Our facilities include flexible timings and partnerships with National Small Industries Corporation (NSIC) to provide on-job training and relevant placement opportunities.

For more information, visit: https://omdayal.com.

References:

The high urban population in India has a detrimental impact on the natural surroundings. With limited resources, it becomes imperative to establish urban planning to meet this need and sustain development. Ongoing urbanization presents several challenges, the highly conspicuous one being the urban-rural divide. In India, the urban centres are the main areas of economic growth, contributing to two-thirds of India’s economic output. They are responsible as recipients of 70% of the Foreign Direct Investment (FDI). As per consumption patterns traced, the urban population drives the consumption expenditure.⁽¹⁾

Obvious questions arose – Is the urban shift in India at such a rapid pace a planned process? Will it level up with the burden of the economic development it brings with it? Urban planning is required to address the mounting problems emerging from ongoing urbanization. In India, urban planning is implemented by local urban bodies or governments developing its strategies. Functionary bodies as Urban/ Metropolitan/ Regional bodies are responsible for the planning and development. The State Town Planning Act takes up the state-level work and functions within the state legal framework of each state.⁽²⁾

Urban Planning- Challenges in India

Some of the challenges of Urban Planning in India are:

Planning – The urban government require a planning framework. The diversity of local bodies responsible for the work hinders efficient planning. Varying zone limitations, state legal frameworks and inflexible master plans make the urban land adapt to the changing needs of the migrating population. For a planned urban set-up, issues such as integrated land connectivity, landfills, urban drainage networks, and critical utility services such as hospitals and schools need redressal. Spatial plans need to become accountable.
Housing – The entire policy, planning and regulation system is unstructured and needs sprucing up. Building regulations that obstruct urban density, incongruent floor space indices and limited access to micro and mortgage finance are pragmatic hindrances to urban settlers. Less facilitation in terms of policies, finances and services to the land and housing developers add to the misery.
Service Delivery – Service delivery around urban development in India is ambiguous and unaccountable. The impetus is on upgrading and adding more physical infrastructure instead of sustainable development practices. Independent regulatory bodies set up tariff rates, subsidy structures and service quality standards, devoid of any intervention by a central authority as a government body. It makes the nerve centre of development financially unstable and provides below par services.
Infrastructure – Urban bodies involved in planning and development lack access to the capital market and do not generate enough revenue to revamp the infrastructure. Cost-cutting at the time of initial outlay is done by the poor quality of construction using low-quality raw materials. The entire system is jeopardized and loses its purpose.
Environment – Due to the lack of sustainable urban planning and development practices, the environmental impact is negatively high, affecting people’s health and quality of life. Ongoing exploitation of natural resources also contributes to the deteriorating situation.

Urban Planning: Prioritising Community Needs

Urban planning is needed to manage community needs and development. It addresses the big picture and instils meaningful action within an area or region. Architects can affect changes by focusing on providing developmental solutions. Instead of being concerned with their respective client’s needs, architects can create value within the communities and regions they live in. ⁽⁴⁾

We need sustained development through adequate planning without compromising the ability of the living populations to meet their needs. Urban planning in India remains challenging. The disparity in population statistics to economic development rates in metropolitan India remains high. The system needs support in government policymaking, centralized governance, cost control of housing and office spaces and sustainable practices supporting the environment and quality of life. ⁽³⁾

Bringing Development to the Nation

The institute also offers Vocational Diploma courses and is affiliated with the West Bengal State Council of Technical and Vocational Education and Skill Development. It also provides flexible timing and on-job training in partnership with National Small Industries Corporation (NSIC), Govt. of India Enterprise to facilitate better placements. A leading college in West Bengal, Om Dayal Group of Institutions, holistically prepares its students as future professionals.

For more information, visit: https://omdayal.com.

References:

Quantum computing uses the properties of the quantum states to perform calculations. A quantum computer uses the quantum states of the subatomic particles to store information. Instead of using transistors, which can only signify 1 or 0 at one time, quantum computers use qubits which can represent 1 and 0 simultaneously. Thus, it differs from binary digital electronic computers.

Quantum Computing: Advantages

Many particles interact in quantum mechanics, which requires a quantum computer to process this complex information about how these particles interact. The regular or classic computer cannot process this information using ordinary language. The quantum computer can solve computational problems like integer factorization comparatively faster than traditional computers.

Quantum computing is based on the use of a quantum bit or qubit. A qubit can be in a 1 or 0 quantum state or a superposition of the 1 and 0 states. It is stated that a quantum computer can also solve any computational problem that a classical computer can solve. Quantum Computers can solve specific problems faster than a classic computer and earn for themselves a position of supremacy.

Future Applications of Quantum Computing

Quantum Computers offers advantageous application in diverse fields. Its potential is extremely high in the following fields:

Advanced Research – An actual application of quantum computers will be to research how matter behaves, the discovery of materials and chemistry. It will require tremendous engineering and fitting in information to understand inherent concepts.
Cryptography – An application of quantum computers is Integer Factorization used for public cryptographic systems. It can solve the problem more efficiently. Quantum Cryptography can prove more secure than the classic systems in quantum hacking.
Search Problems – Quantum computers can simplify search problems. It uses the square roots of the number of inputs (elements in a database) compared to the linear scaling system of classic computers. It may be effectively used to crack passwords.
Simulation of Quantum Systems – It may be one of the essential applications of quantum computers, primarily since chemistry and nanotechnology rely on understanding quantum systems. In chemistry, the behaviour of atoms, collision during a reaction, and to predict future paths of particles and protons under superposition; can be understood well. Quantum simulations may be used to understand the nitrogen fixation process for ammonia production in the agricultural fertilizer industry.
Drug Design and Generative Chemistry – Generative chemistry models are tools to discover or design drugs. Quantum computers may facilitate understanding the structural space of the drug design molecules. The architecture of novel drug-like molecules may be possible with quantum computers, especially in Tailor-made and Genomic Medicines, over Traditional Medicines.
Machine Learning – Due to its ability to be fundamentally linear algebraic and produce outputs less quickly, Quantum computers will speed up Machine Learning tasks.
Computational Biology – Quantum computers can play a crucial role in Computational Genomics and drastically lessen the time to sequence a human genome. Generic data modelling and storage is the way of the future.
Quantum Annealing and Adiabatic Optimization – It means the system stays in the ground state as the evolution is too slow. Quantum computers may assist in finding the Quantum Annealing or the global minimum of a given objective function; and thus, aid in solutions to problems.

Moving Forward

Having used machines with only five qubits a few years ago, and now a vision to build a device with 1000 qubits by 2023, the future of Quantum Computers is certain. Innovation and evolution both in hardware and software in Quantum Computers will be a curtain-raiser in the field of Computing.

Inculcating Curiosity in the Next Generation of Engineers

The NAAC-accredited and MAKAUT-affiliated OmDayal Group of Institutions is responsible for churning out skilled engineers with a zeal for creativity and innovation. As the leading engineering college in West Bengal, the industry-centric engineering courses offered by us include:

Civil Engineering
Electrical Engineering
Mechanical Engineering
Computer Science and Engineering

The ever-changing technological landscape required for engineering jobs both in India and abroad has inspired us to continuously upgrade our teaching and learning methodology in sync with global standards. We empower each and every student with the competitive edge and required skills to perform confidently in the new-age technology domain. Our industry-oriented facilities include flexible timings and partnership with National Small Industries Corporation (NSIC) for on-job training and placement opportunities.

For more information, visit https://omdayal.com.

Minimal Architecture was laid down by the famous architect Ludwig Mies van der Rohe, one of the founders of modern architecture. A German- American by descent, Rohe pioneered minimalistic architecture, being influenced by clarity and simplicity inherent in the post-World War 1 era of architectural design. He mastered the idea of using raw materials to make delicate and appealing pieces without any unnecessary embellishment.

Elements in Minimalistic Design

In any inherently minimalistic design, the critical element is simplicity. Other features to look out for in minimalist design are:

Pure geometric forms
Using simple materials like glass, stone, concrete, steel etc.
Structural honesty in design
Spaces defined by planar building elements or furniture
Sans trims or ornate
Efficient orthogonal components
Clean, sleek lines
Repetition to give the order to design and unify elements

Private Home Designed to incorporate Minimalist Design

Influences of Minimalistic Architecture

The minimalistic design may not be appealing to everyone and may appear cold at first sight. Condensing the content and form element to its basic minimum level and maintaining the efficiency of the product; is truly the essence of this style. The Cubism of De Stijl and Bauhaus in the 1920s are preludes to the Minimalistic style. The Cubists were, in turn, influenced by Zen philosophy and Japanese aesthetics, where simplicity was the way to preserve inner calm and freedom.

We also see the Scandinavian design join the bandwagon. With their love for the outdoors, a soft colour palette complemented environmental efficiency and comfort dominated Scandinavian Minimalism. The concept is also evident in ceramics, wool products, and lighting systems to highlight the primary element of comfort in Scandinavian design. The success of Ikea products is testimony to this.

Benefits of Minimalistic Design in Architecture

Minimalistic Design emphasizes the idea of “Less is More”, which perpetuates filling a space with the necessary objects and decluttering unnecessary things to make space for meaningful material and objects. The benefits of minimalism in Architecture may be:

Breathing Space – Fewer things lead to relaxed and calm minds and flourish the breathing space.
Economical – Designing a space with fewer objects and basic materials sans ornamentation affects the budget and may prove economical.
Quality supersedes Quantity – Minimalistic architecture propagates quality over quantity by meeting the basic needs and preserving the elegance and aesthetics of a place.
Easy maintenance – Fewer objects and smoother surfaces mean less cleaning and maintenance and facilitate renovation when required.
Psychological Discharge – Using precise shapes, neutral shapes, open horizons with a play of light and a comforting domain; the Minimalistic approach in architecture defines a psychological discharge.

Minimal Designed Interior to provide more space

Challenges of Minimalistic Design in Architecture

Expensive – In paradox to the benefits, Minimalistic furniture may require a lot of customizations and prove heavier on the pocket. However, one expensive object will centre play to give the desired effect.
Central Theme – The Minimalistic style defines a central theme throughout the house. Any additions or ostentatious display is not encouraged, and maybe hard on a curator to adopt this.
Dull and Boring – The neutral colour palette and space may lack vibrancy and appear monotonous to many. An inherent sense of style makes a minimalistic design functional and stand out.
Psychological Complex Nature – Minimalistic style does not essentially promote getting away from flashy and ornamental objects which may be dear or hold heritage value. It can be complex in psychology in some cases.
Design Flaws – Minimalistic concepts may not facilitate design flaws if visible in the interiors or structure.

An Example for Minimalist Architecture representing Artistic Dimension

Inspiring the Architects for an Innovative Tomorrow

Since its inception in 2010, the NAAC-accredited and MAKAUT-affiliated OmDayal Group of Institutions has emerged as one of the leading architecture colleges in West Bengal. Inspired by the achievements of premier Indian architects, the full-time B.Arch course offered by us has been generating top-notch architects since its introduction in 2012. The curriculum is approved by AICTE and COA. It aims to take architecture education beyond the realms of buildings and propel it into developing a sustainable future.

We are the first private architecture college offering M.Arch in Urban Development. Approved by COA, the two-year M.Arch course is entirely at par with global standards with a 20 seat allotment. We teach our students to seek novel and contemporary solutions in line with the modern tenets of architecture.

For more information, visit: https://omdayal.com.

Blockchain technology is a promising technology that can transform several industries more efficiently, securely, and transparently. Currently, India is emerging as one of the global blockchain icons, mainly finding implications in the private sector. Blockchain technology has made transactions less risky since it is a decentralized system, storing information electronically in a digital format. It is changing how industries like finance, health, entertainment and education operate.

What is blockchain technology?

Blockchain Technology is a digital database that keeps track of all the transactions made over the internet in real-time, without any intermediary involved. Blockchain disables any alterations to the history of a digital asset while making the transactions transparent.

To put in terms of an analogy, consider a Google Doc file. When the file is shared with people, it is distributed instead of getting copied or forwarded. Any modifications made on the document in real-time are transparent and can be accessed by everyone making it a decentralized system. A blockchain is more complicated but works along the same lines. It allows information to be stored, accessed and recorded digitally without editing, forming a series of immutable ledgers. Thus, technology is also known as Distributed Ledger Technology.

Blockchain technology has brought out radical changes in the finance industry. Before the advent of blockchain technology, transferring money online was a hassle. Apart from technical issues and high transfer charges, accounts could be hacked, making the transactions very risky. Crypto was invented to address the persisting problem faced when transferring money.

What does the scope of Blockchain look like in India?

Demonetisation has brought a paradigm shift in how India functions as an economy. The country is striding forward to transform into a cashless economy. The citizens are slowly adapting to alternate modes of payments such as UPI, Paytm, GooglePay, PhonePe, etc. Hence blockchain technology has a bright future in a growing economy like India. The government is very keen on digitizing the economy for a more transparent and efficient system. To realize these goals and create job opportunities in this domain, the government set up IndiaChain, a NITI Aayog. Many jobs are now available in Blockchain Technology, particularly in IT Hubs like Gurgaon, Bengaluru, Hyderabad, etc., which is getting people interested in this domain.

Implications of Blockchain

This technology finds itself useful in several areas, including:

Healthcare – Patients won’t be needed to make a new file every time they have a health issue. Instead, their medical records could be updated and accessed digitally, saving them valuable time and money during times of a crisis.
Agriculture – Blockchain can solve the ongoing issues of land records, soil and fertilizer quality, etc. The government aims to create a computer-based record of crops grown on all agricultural land, soil quality, desired fertilizer use, etc. The supply chain can further benefit from this technology. The produce can also be tracked down once they reach the respective markets.
Administration – Elections or any polls can be made corruption-free with the help of blockchain technology. Automating intelligent contracts and giving the public access to the results will make the entire process transparent.
Cryptocurrency& NFTs – Blockchain technology possesses immense scope in the field of cyber-security. It ensures the data stored is safe and verified. Cryptography entails encryption which removes vulnerabilities like data tampering. Blockchain technology facilitates most cryptocurrencies by recording transactions. Bitcoin and Ethereum networks are based on blockchain technology. Furthermore, Non-fungible Tokens (NFTs) work well with blockchain technology which records all transactions.

India can solve some of the critical issues by adopting this technology. Suppose it can overcome the initial hurdles while establishing its technologies’ roots. In that case, it can be at the forefront of booming digital economies. Blockchain technology has tremendous opportunities and can help in the country’s overall growth.

Preparing the next generation of innovators

OmDayal Group of Institutions offers undergraduate (B.Tech & B.Arch) four-year engineering degrees and five-year architecture degrees. In engineering, it provides courses in four disciplines – Computer Science and Engineering, Mechanical Engineering, Civil Engineering and Electrical Engineering. The college is accredited by NAAC, approved by AICTE and COA, and affiliated with MAKAUT.

We are also the first private architecture college offering M.Arch in Urban Development. Approved by COA, the two-year M.Arch course is entirely at par with global standards with a 20 seat allotment. We teach our students to seek novel and contemporary solutions in line with the modern tenets of architecture. It offers flexible on-job training to all its students in partnership with the National Small Industries Corporation (NSIC), a Government of India Enterprise.

Opened in 2010, it has a fully-digital library with ten systems having access to E-Journals, E-books and CDs/DVDs. It also provides students with all the basic infrastructural facilities for a smooth learning experience.

For more information, visit www.omdayal.com.

With the adoption of Information Technology (IT) at a rapid pace, data generation and accumulation may be heading towards a volcanic information eruption. It gives rise to Big Data, where a set of technologies is created to store, analyze and manage bulk data. It is a set of macro tools designed to present intelligent solutions. In the present day, it is effectively used in sectors like Engineering, Telecommunications, Education, Architecture, Agriculture, Healthcare, Financial Services, Retail and Environmental Protection.

Big Data, generated by thousands or millions of devices, is the nerve centre of a vast revolution in digital technology. It is changing and reshaping the economy, society and the people. In 2016, the number of devices was close to 6,500 million and this figure is projected to be 20,000 million by 2025. Digital connectivity will experience a steep rise to about 100,000 million connected devices in the next few years.

Big data has many benefits and can create value in many ways. The information available will be transparent and can be used at a high frequency. Big data allows excessively narrowing choice analysis in customer feedback, thus assisting in detailed feature incorporation in products and services. Since data can be stored in transactional digital form, it can be tracked efficiently. It boosts employee morale and improves productivity. Big data also allows for leveraging management decisions and product and service innovation.

Applications of Big Data

The application of Big Data is a game-changer in most industries. The primary goal for most organizations to adopt Big Data is elevated customer experience. There are also associated goals as cost reduction, focused market reach, efficiency in existing processes in the company, security to check data in compliance. Big Data also involves immense data processing and databases in wide-scale computing ecosystems. Big data engineers are in great demand for their ability to provide organizations with accurate analyses. They can accurately access the performance, demographics and predict trends and changes. Big data provides the enhanced ability to solve problems.

Big Data footprints in our daily lives are remarkable. From confused to apprehensive users, the paradigm has shifted to finding real value in the use of big data. While companies strive for customer experience and cost reductions as the significant criteria, end-users see the ‘Smart Life’ adaptations considerable beneficial.

The common applications of Big Data are as follows:

GPS systems to detect traffic jams and use alternate routes
To provide reviews and analytical content for choosing series on subscribed television channels as Netflix and others
Wearing smartwatches that identify cardiac patterns and prevent or warn about cardiac disorders
Having Smart Homes with installed devices like Alexa, Smart televisions
Movement sensors; to humidity sensors in crop fields for planning irrigation frequency
Big data analytics of social media and other engines by politicians to strategize election polls

Impact of Big Data

The social impacts of Big Data will go forward in facilitating improved decision making, event detection, data-driven innovations, new business models, innovative and healthy lifestyles, transparency in public and governmental trusts, citizen security and participation and others. Big Data may also emerge as the critical driver of empirically-based problem solving and the ride towards social good.

Big Data analytics is a boon to environmental protection. It enables optimizing efficiency in energy consumption, understanding climate change, creating smart cities, and making businesses more sustainable. The application of Big Data to curb global warming as seen in Green Data which supports information organizations to optimize water resource management, biodiversity, air quality and other parameters.

Inspiring the next innovation in engineering

OmDayal Group of Institutions offers undergraduate (B.Tech & B.Arch) four-year engineering degrees and five-year architecture degrees. In engineering, it provides courses in four disciplines- Computer Science and Engineering, Mechanical Engineering, Civil Engineering and Electrical Engineering. The college is accredited by NAAC, approved by AICTE and COA, and affiliated with MAKAUT. Opened in 2010, it has a fully-digital library with ten systems having access to E-Journals, E-books and CDs/DVDs. It also provides students with all the basic infrastructural facilities for a smooth learning experience.

For more information, visit www.omdayal.com.

The human population is multiplying at a feverish pace. As a result, the demand for living spaces and their prices are becoming increasingly exorbitant. A study conducted by the United Nations predicts that the number of people residing in urban areas will escalate from 54% to 66% by the year 2050. With this tremendous pressure on housing and infrastructure, architects and city planners globally have been looking at ways to meet this demand. They have all come up with a unanimous solution: vertical growth.

What is vertical architecture?

In a nutshell, it is a modern, innovative architectural trend aimed at our metropolitan cities. At its core, this trend implies building upwards rather than outwards, emphasizing embedding social areas like shops, restaurants and even gardens into housing and commercial skyscrapers.

Modern architects believe that these aesthetically pleasing vertical cities will address the problems of increasing populations and rising house prices. Vertical living presents a more favourable solution against extending urban sprawl. Overcoming the challenge of rapid innovation in terms of both technology and building materials is the need of the hour.

Evolution of vertical living

Skyscrapers provide the earliest examples of aesthetically pleasing vertical buildings. The Home Insurance Building in Chicago, erected in 1885, is considered the first skyscraper. William Le Baron Jenney is regarded as the first person to push the vertical boundaries of architecture. The USA introduced the idea of vertical living to the contemporary world.

Louis Sullivan was considered the “Father of the skyscrapers” and “Father of modernism”. He demonstrated exceptional attention to detail which became characteristic of his work on tall buildings in the late 19th century. He influenced the vertical trend in the contemporary era.

The famous German architect Ole Scheeren is one of the foremost to evolve the unique concept of vertical architecture. His ‘Vertical Village’ project in Singapore bagged the World Architecture Festival Building of the Year award in 2015, setting the example for similar projects to be erected in the years to come.

Addressing increasing demand

Urbanization compels the encroachment on natural habitats. The increasing population has resulted in significant pressure on the property markets in most cities. Vertical city projects serve as an amicable way to offer people opportunities to reside in the city’s centre.

Building vertical prove to be an attractive proposition for commercial and residential markets. With the promise of intelligently designed spaces, vertical cities could mean less crowded and more affordable metropolitan living spaces across the globe.

Playing our role for a sustainable tomorrow

Since its inception in 2010, the NAAC-accredited and MAKAUT-affiliated OmDayal Group of Institutions has left no stones unturned to emerge as one of the leading architecture colleges in West Bengal. The institute boasts solid management, experienced faculty members and a robust learning environment.

In sync with global standards, the comprehensive full-time B.Arch course offered by us has been generating top-notch architects since its introduction in 2012. AICTE and COA approve the curriculum to ensure the students can build a solid foundation in the subject. The course aims to introduce the modern tenets in architecture education and propel a sustainable future.

For more information, visit www.omdayal.com.

The Bauhaus is a radical concept of reimagining the material world to reflect the unity of all the arts. German architect Walter Gropius founded the Bauhaus style in 1919 in Weimar. It is widely recognized as one of the world’s most significant architectonic art and design movements far to effect a new way of living; beyond Germany’s borders.

Gropius, together with avant-garde artists from Germany and Europe, espoused the principle that “form follows function,” where ideals of simplicity and practicality were embraced. The characteristic use of bold, geometric shapes and primary colours was encouraged across architecture, art, and design.

A century of excellence

Known as the official “cradle of Bauhaus,” Weimar is the centre of the 20th-century movement of design. On the 100th anniversary in 2019, cities, museums and foundations across Germany celebrated the profound presence of the school. The Bauhaus Association of Germany organized a grand tour of Modernism, released a coffee table book called ‘Ludwig Mies van der Rohe’ by Christiane Lange. Numerous exhibitions, projects, and initiatives across Germany were organized to rewrite the history of the era-defining movement. All the three Bauhaus cities of Weimar and Dessau, Germany, revamped their museums and new openings and Berlin in 2022 and the various shows, performances, and events. From an exhibition dedicated to lamps to 1920s inspired canoe- tours, Bauhaus Centennial Celebrations were planned as an umbrella signature as Bauhaus 100.

The Grand Tour of Modernism highlighted 100 significant modernist and Bauhaus buildings throughout Germany. Tours include visits to the convent with a swimming pool beneath to a steamship inspired home. Sites that highlight the many shapes and sizes of Modernism are highlighted.

Apart from the events under Bauhaus 100, traces of Bauhaus design are evident in its impact on the superficial aspects. Bauhaus students learnt new ways to work with materials. They learned how to incorporate artistic concepts into industrial media, crafts, and manufacturing. They believed in the synthesis of the arts. They regarded the school as an experimental laboratory for the building of the future.

Influence in architecture and design

Bauhaus inspired architecture, and interior design now finds a place even in America, characterized by simplicity and practicality in approach. From fashion to art, furniture, paintings, and landscaping, Bauhaus is celebrated worldwide as an art and design concept. Even the Arial font in typography is Bauhaus inspired.

With its roots as a radical movement away from the ostentatiousness and intricacy of the World War era art and design form, Bauhaus perpetuates clean and straightforward lines leaving its mark on everything from architecture to typography around us.

Bauhaus is here to stay. The Bauhaus philosophy has cemented the world over as an approach rather than a specific style. Let us celebrate it.

Preparing the next generation of architects

For more information, visit www.omdayal.com

As an architect, you design for the present, with an awareness of the past for a future which is essentially unknown
– Norman Foster, English architect and designer

Civilization is known and remembered by its art, culture and architecture. Our architecture blends science and aesthetics uniquely to demonstrate the richness of our culture. India possesses some of the finest and diverse specimens of architecture globally, such as the Taj Mahal, the Sun Temple at Konarak, and Victoria Memorial, to name a few only. While we marvel at these monuments, we have deep respect for the sheer geniuses of the architects for their invaluable contribution in giving birth to these world-famous structures.

Let us enumerate some master Indian architects who have garnered global fame and made our country proud.

Balkrishna Vithaldas Doshi (born August 26 1927): A recipient of the Pritzker Architecture Prize, Padma Shri and Padma Bhushan, B.V. Doshi is a pioneer of modernist and brutalist Indian architecture. He derives his inspiration from historic Indian monuments and the works of famous European and American architects.

His best works include IIM Bangalore, IIM Udaipur, NIFT Delhi, CEPT University and the Aranya Low-Cost Housing Development in Indore.

Laurie Baker (March 2 1917 – April 1 2007): Popularly known as the “Gandhi of Architecture”, this legendary British-born Indian architect is known for his cost-effective, energy-efficient architecture that maximized space, ventilation and light with utmost aesthetic sensibilities. Baker was awarded the Padma Shri in 1990, the UN Role of Honour in 1992, and a host of other accolades and recognitions.

His best works include The Laurie Baker Center in Vilappilsala, Kerala and Indian Coffee House in Trivandrum.

Brinda Somaya (born June 28 1949): The first woman ever to win the Wienerberger Golden Architect award in 2007, Brinda is a renowned Indian architect and urban conservationist. Some of her best works include Reconstruction of Bhadli Village of Bhuj, the restoration of St. Thomas Cathedral in Mumbai, and Nalanda International School’s unique design near Vadodara in Gujarat. Other notable awards include the UNESCO Asia-Pacific Heritage Award in 2004 and the Grohe NDTV Design and Architecture Award in 2017 for Outstanding Industry Contribution.

Charles Mark Correa (born September 1, 1930-June 16, 2015): He was a renowned Indian architect and urban planner, revered for his Modernist tenets in his building style. He is considered one of the influential pioneers of modern architecture in post-independent India.

His best works include the Gandhi Smarak Sangrahalaya at Sabarmati Ashram in Ahmedabad, Cidade De Goa in Goa and Kanchanjunga Apartment in Mumbai. He was awarded the Padma Vibhushan, Gomant Vibhushan and Royal Gold Medal for architecture, to name a few.

Hafeez Contractor (born June 19 1950): Awarded the Padma Bhusan in 2016, he has designed many landmark skyscrapers in India. He is the architect of the three tallest buildings in India: The 42 in Kolkata and The Imperial twin towers in Mumbai. Contractor has also earned worldwide acclaim for his exuberant cricket stadium designs, railway stations, educational institutes and majestic airport terminals.

Some of his best works: Besides the above luxury buildings, he is also credited with the redesigning of Mumbai Airport, Hiranandani Gardens at Mumbai, NICMAR at Pune, Rusi Modi Centre of Excellence at Jamshedpur and the Empress City in Nagpur.

Raj Rewal (born November 24 1934): This top architect and urban design consultant is known for his humanist approach to architecture that responds to the complexities of urban development. His contribution to Indian architecture is characterized by a concern for climate sensitivity and promoting craftsmanship and technologies. His many awards include the Gold Medal 1989 by the Indian Institute of Architects, Lifetime Achievement Award 2001 by The Institution of Engineers (India) and John Michael Kohler Lifetime Achievement Award.

His best works include Asian Games Village and Parliament Library in New Delhi, Coal India Complex at Kolkata, Indian Embassy at Beijing and Bio Port at Sohna.

Rahul Mehrotra (born 1959): The multi-faceted Mehrotra is the Founder Principal of architecture firm RMA Architects of Mumbai and Boston, and is the Professor of Urban Design and Planning and Chair of the Department of Urban Planning and Design at the Harvard Graduate School of Design in Cambridge, Massachusetts. He is also one of the founding members of the Kala Ghora Rejuvenation Movement.

Some of his best works include The Taj Mahal Visitor Centre at Agra, KMC corporate office at Hyderabad, Hathigaon at Jaipur, House in a Tea Garden at Conoor and restoration of the Chowmahalla Palace complex at Hyderabad.

Creating master architects for tomorrow

For more information, visit www.omdayal.com.

A relatively new discipline, computational engineering ‘deals with the development and application of computational models and simulations, often coupled with high-performance computing, to solve complex physical problems arising in engineering analysis and design and natural phenomena’.

Computational engineers use their expertise to design the simulations mentioned above – they devise algorithms and solve mathematical models to simulate behaviours and finally analyse the output. Using the results, scientists can construct models that will benefit people in real-world situations. These tools allow our researchers to explore new frontiers in science, specifically in fluid dynamics, bioengineering, nanotechnology and materials modelling.

In huge demand

Being a developing and niche area of expertise, computational engineers are in great demand nowadays. After all, computer simulations today are essential when it comes to business and research. These engineers thus find employment in a wide range of critical domains that include aircraft design, energy infrastructure, weather prediction and even climate research.

Proficiency is the buzzword

Let us enumerate the diverse applications of Computational Science:

Biology and Medicine: Scientists use computational simulations to predict complex processes like protein folding and molecular docking. Additionally, simulations are vital in genomics, bioinformatics, modelling of biological systems, computational neurological modelling, etc.
Aerospace Engineering and Mechanical Engineering: Intricate experiments that would otherwise cost a lot, such as vehicle crash simulation, combustion simulations, computational thermodynamics, structural dynamics, computational fluid dynamics and biomechanics, are performed through simulations.
Chemistry: Computational engineering is the cornerstone in advancing computational chemistry/cheminformatics and molecular mechanics simulations.
Finance: In finance, it finds relevance in predicting aspects like derivative pricing and risk management.
Nuclear Engineering: Computational engineering is the backbone of nuclear reactor modelling, radiation shielding, and fusion simulations.
Environmental Engineering and weather prediction: Computational engineering is used in climate research, geophysics (seismic processing) and modelling natural disasters.
Epidemiology: The simulations prove to be invaluable for predicting the spread of diseases.

Career pre-requisites

Critical thinking, Algorithmic thinking, problem solving and creativity are some of the strength areas that a computational engineer must possess. Expertise in the following subjects is also crucial for pursuing a career in this domain:

Mathematics: Strong fundamentals of algebra, calculus, differential equations and statistics are a must for engineers working in this domain.
Thermodynamics: A concept explored in chemistry and physics, this subject is vital: the student must understand the differences of each state, their conversions, and other dynamics.
Engineering software: Knowledge of software will provide a head start in this career.

We stand for excellence

The NAAC-accredited and MAKAUT-affiliated OmDayal Group of Institutions churn out young engineers equipped to face the ever-changing landscape of disruptive technologies such as Computational Engineering. The industry-centric engineering courses offered by us include:

Civil Engineering
Electrical Engineering
Mechanical Engineering
Computer Science and Engineering

For more information, visit www.omdayal.com.

Disruptive technologies like Augmented Reality (AR) and Virtual Reality (VR) have taken technological advancement to a new level today. By definition, Augmented Reality is ‘an interactive experience of a real-world environment where the objects that reside in the real world are enhanced by computer-generated perceptual information, sometimes across multiple sensory modalities’. Virtual reality refers to ‘the computer-generated simulation of a three-dimensional image or environment that can be interacted within a seemingly real or physical way by a person using special electronic equipment, such as a helmet with a screen inside or gloves fitted with sensors’.

These technologies have revolutionized the functioning of industries right from healthcare to education, including entertainment, e-commerce and even to architecture. AR has become an effective tool for designers in communicating the objectives and ideas behind the project through a modern and futuristic approach. They possess immense potential for advancement in architecture by offering the capability to visualize projects through the application of 3D modelling. VR also allows the client to experience the project through a virtual model to understand the proposed space and features.

Fundamental differences

The distinction between VR and AR boils down to the devices they require and the overall experience itself.

When explained in layman terms, while VR is entirely “virtual”, AR operates in a real-world setting.
VR users are controlled by the system, while AR users can manage their presence in the real world.
VR requires a headset, whereas AR can be accessed from a smartphone.
While VR only enhances a fictional reality, AR enhances both the virtual and real worlds.

To elucidate with examples, in times of the pandemic, several travel agencies have innovated to offer their potential customers a “tour” of the proposed vacation by engaging them in a Virtual Reality of their holiday location. Simultaneously, The National Museum of Finland and The National Museum of Singapore have employed Augmented Reality to provide visitors with a more informed tour of the historic spaces.

Pre-requisites for a career asa VR/AR engineer

A career as a VR or AR engineer requires a plethora of skills. While proficiency in coding and user-interface engineering like UX/UI is compulsory, let us enumerate the other basic requirements for excelling in this profession:

Mastering Programming Languages: Expertise in programming languages such as C#, C++,and JavaScript are an absolute must.
Defining the platform: Understanding the fundamental differences between VR and AR, forming a decision on whether to work on mobile apps, web apps, desktop apps, and finally deciding the framework/game engine/SDK are crucial points to ponder on while considering a career in this domain.
Formal education in VR/AR: Pursuing a Bachelor’s degree in VR/AR engineering is the best way to learn about the fundamentals of these new-age subjects.
Developing a portfolio: Developing an independent project is a great idea to get recruited in this industry. Volunteering for open source projects to gain more experience in the area is a tried-and-tested strategy for VR/AR engineers.
Interacting with experts: In such a niche area of work, VR/AR engineers can gain relevant experience by interacting and learning from the experts in the domain.

We offer job-oriented engineering courses

The OmDayal Group of Institutions (NAAC-accredited and MAKAUT-affiliated) is responsible for churning out skilled engineers with a zeal for creativity and innovation. As one of the leading engineering colleges in West Bengal, the industry-centric engineering courses offered by us include:

Civil Engineering
Electrical Engineering
Mechanical Engineering
Computer Science and Engineering

We empower each and every student with the competitive edge and required skills to perform confidently in this world dominated by modern technology. Our industry-oriented facilities include flexible timings and partnerships with National Small Industries Corporation (NSIC) for on-job training and placement opportunities.

For more information, visit www.omdayal.com

Architects do not only create; they conserve as well. Architectural conservation is an important element in the realm of modern architecture. Although it has been promoted for years now (the preservation of ancient structures specifically gained momentum during the 18th and 19th centuries), it finds great relevance in the current context of the world.

What is architectural conservation?

By definition, it ‘describes the process by which the material, historical and design durability of man-built architectural history is prolonged to last longer and be able to sustain difficult conditions or be kept sustainable in general’. Architectural heritages need preservation to escape the side effects caused by natural disasters like earthquakes and floods as well as simple changes in climate. Pollution and climatic changes, too, wreak havoc when it comes to heritage architecture. Even tourism sometimes proves to be extremely destructive to architectural marvels – tourists bring in greater humidity and water presence, resulting in erosion and damage. The ‘Egyptian Tomb of Seti’ and the ‘Pyramids at Giza’ are examples of heritage landmarks that have been adversely affected by the increase in tourism.

Conservation techniques

The primary step for any conservation project is a sensitive assessment of the history and merits of the concerned site or building. Upon completion of the assessment, a thorough measured survey with a tape, rod and level is conducted. Modern methods like photogrammetry (the use of aerial photographs) are also used.

Some of the commonly-employed methods of conservation used by architects involve the following:

Preservation: This essentially involves retaining all the materials added to a building during its lifetime and work is only completed when it is ‘essential to prevent deterioration of the site’.
Rehabilitation: This ‘emphasizes the retention and repair of historic materials but more latitude is provided for replacement because it is assumed the property is deteriorated more before work’.
Restoration: In this process, architects focus on the retention of materials from the most significant time in a property’s history, while permitting the removal of other materials from other periods.
Reconstruction: This process establishes ‘limited opportunities to recreate a non-surviving site, landscape, building, structure or object in all new materials.’

Building a better tomorrow

The full-time B.Arch course offered by us, completely at par with global standards, has been generating top-notch architects since its introduction in the year 2012. It is approved by AICTE and COA respectively to ensure the students can build a solid foundation in the subject. The course aims to take the education of architecture beyond the realms of buildings and propel it into developing a sustainable future. Our students are trained to question the pre-supposed and seek novel and contemporary solutions in line with the modern tenets of architecture.

For more information, visit www.omdayal.com.

Undeniably emerging as one of the most influential and powerful technological advancement today, Machine Learning has paved the way from information to knowledge. In the last 50 years, we have witnessed an explosion of data. This ginormous data is jargon, until we learn to analyse and find recurring patterns hidden within. This is where the wide subject of Machine Learning comes in – it identifies the underlying patterns within complex data that humans are incapable of understanding. These hidden patterns can be used to predict future events and perform all kinds of complex decision-making, without human interference. In other words, it is ‘the study of computer algorithms that can improve automatically through experience and the use of data’.

Relevant to our daily lives

We are probably unaware of the fact that we are already using Machine Learning while performing our daily activities. It is the driving mechanism whether we are looking for information on Google or any other search engine, using an application to listen to songs and even for online shopping. It is constantly “learning” and “improving” from every single interaction that it has with us, from showing us a possible list of search options, or guessing the mood for our music playlist or even displaying options for e-commerce. Additionally, Machine Learning is also the technology associated with world-changing inventions like detecting cancer, creating new life-altering drugs and self-driving vehicles.

Offering ample Career opportunities

Specializingin Artificial Intelligence and other disruptive technology can lead to successful careers as Data Analysts, Data Scientists as well as Machine Learning Engineers. While a data analyst works with enormous amounts of data and produces actionable insights, a data scientist is a creative researcher who carries out experiments with data and models. Machine Learning Engineers on the other hand are ‘tech specialists’ who design, maintain and upgrade AI systems on which these models operate. They have to develop an all-round understanding of the entire ecosystem that they will be designing the application for. For example, if working for a clothing chain, if the company wants to generate targeted coupons according to previously purchased items, the engineer has to collect the historical data, perform the analysis, figure out trends and then propose strategies. The machine learning approach would then be used to write an automated coupon generation system. To make the algorithm work, the engineer also has to understand the whole ecosystem of technology vis-à-vis the inventory, catalogue, pricing, purchase orders, bill generation, Point of Sale software used as well as the CRM software.

Pre-requisites for a career in Machine Learning

Computer Science: Having sound knowledge of data structures, coding, algorithms and computer architecture are a must. The engineer must be able to apply these technologies to use and even troubleshoot if there are errors.
Mathematics: A clear understanding of statistics and probability is mandatory. Understanding of concepts viz. conditional probability, Bayes Rule, likelihood, independence and techniques derived from it are of utmost importance.
Data modelling and evaluation: The idea is to discover the hidden patterns in a sea of data. Using correlations, clusters, eigenvectors and predicting properties of previously unseen instances with classification, regression and anomaly detection are an integral part of the job.
Machine Learning Algorithms and Libraries: Implementations of Machine Learning algorithms through libraries, packages or APIs such as Theano, Spark MLlib, H2O, TensorFlow and applying them effectively is an important skill. Understanding how to fit the data with linear regression, gradient descent, genetic algorithms, bagging, boosting and comprehending hyper-parameters is also another critical aspect for a successful career as a Machine Learning engineer.
Software Engineering with System Design: Since the responsibility of the engineer is to provide an Artificial Intelligence software that automatically derives user behaviour, understanding of software and systems is very vital. Communicating with the modules of the programme is also of paramount importance.

We stand for quality education

The NAAC-accredited and MAKAUT-affiliated OmDayal Group of Institutions is responsible for churning out young engineers equipped to face the ever-changing landscape of disruptive technologies such as Machine Learning. The industry-centric engineering courses offered by us include:

Civil Engineering
Electrical Engineering
Mechanical Engineering
Computer Science and Engineering

The niche training and skills required for bagging engineering jobs both in India and abroad has inspired us to continuously upgrade the teaching and learning curriculum in sync with global standards. We empower our students with a competitive edge and required aptitudes to excel in the new-age technology spectrum. Our facilities include flexible timings and partnership with National Small Industries Corporation (NSIC) to provide on-job training and relevant placement opportunities.

For more information, visit www.omdayal.com.

Mathematics is an integral part of the process of Architecture. In fact, for architects, application of Maths is quite unique when it concerns intrinsic concepts like ‘Golden Ratio’ and ‘parametric design’. Geometry, Algebra and Trigonometry play a critical role in architectural design. The ‘probability of issues’ is important to be considered while preparing a blueprint or an initial design sketch for any new construction. Even simple fundamentals like addition, subtraction, multiplication, division and working with fractions fall under the purview of regular work in the realm of architecture. Therefore, a strong foundation in Mathematics is definitely the cornerstone for a flourishing career as an architect.

Historical reference

Since ancient times, Mathematics has been an integral part of Architecture. In 300 B.C. the famous Greek mathematician Euclid defined a mathematical law of nature called the ‘Golden Ratio’. Till date, architects employ this formula to design proportions and create architectural marvels. In fact, this concept has come to be known as the ‘Golden Constant’ nowadays since it is relevant at all times for any architect working across the globe.

Essential number-crunching

Let us enumerate some of the basic ways by which architects use Mathematics for their day-to-day work.

Conversion of units: Constantly dealing with areas and heights, conversion of units is one of the basic ways by which Mathematics play a key role in Architecture. Architects have to constantly convert length in centimetres to metres and metres to kilometres, as well as calculate areas by converting from inches to feet and square feet to acres.
Scaling: A key element of architectural design is scaling of any project, a graphical representation of real-time distance and height. Calculating a drawing’s measurements to scale requires sound knowledge of different units as well as cross-multiplication.
Working with ‘proportions’: Proportions refer to ratios between numbers which require in-depth knowledge of Mathematical concepts. We all know how accurate proportions hold the key to the success of any architectural project.
Composing ‘Bill of Quantities’: In architectural terminology, a ‘Bill of Quantity’ refers to a complete list of all the components of a building, such as the final number of bricks, total quantity of aluminium frames, amount of paint needed, etc. Mathematics is involved here to calculate perimeters, areas and volumes and matching them to consequent pricing.
Creation of Parametric Designs: ‘Parametric design’ is a novel concept that has attained immense popularity in the profession today. The concept entails a method that uses algorithms along with a set of parameters to create unique geometrical forms. All the architectural parts of a structure are represented by mathematically-defined components that can be modified through formulas and equations.

Building a better tomorrow

Since its inception in 2010, the NAAC-accredited and MAKAUT-affiliated OmDayal Group of Institutions has emerged as one of the leading architecture colleges in West Bengal. The full-time B.Arch course offered by us, completely at par with global standards, has been generating top-notch architects since its introduction in the year 2012. The course aims to take the education of architecture beyond the realms of buildings and propel it into developing a sustainable future. Our students are trained to question the pre-supposed and seek novel and contemporary solutions in line with the modern tenets of architecture.

For more information, visit www.omdayal.com

Data is generated at a whirlwind speed today and has crossed the human threshold capacity of analysis – it is today considered to be the mainstay for technological advancement! Artificial intelligence (AI) facilitates us to cope with this bulk information, analyse the data and employ the insights to improve decision-making. Commonly harnessed by policymakers, opinion leaders, observers, corporations and even democracies, AI is steadily impacting the world and is raising important questions for society, the economy and governance. The recent times have witnessed novel applications in the domains of finance, national security, healthcare, criminal justice, transportation and smart cities to resolve problems viz. data access, biases, data management and ethics and transparency. AI has proven to be the answer to such impending crises as it operates in an intentional, smart and adaptive manner.

The role of an AI engineer

An AI engineer builds models using their domain knowledge in machine learning algorithms and deep learning neural networks to draw insights that can be amalgamated to generate successful business decisions. AI engineers usually have profound understanding of programming, software engineering and data science. A recent study has concluded that Artificial Intelligence is one of the top strategic technology trends for 2021, thereby making AI engineering a “hot” career option to pursue.

Skills-sets for a career in AI

Proficiency in programming: Since AI requires humans to train machines to learn about data and the environment, understanding machine language is of prime importance. AI engineers need to be well-versed in programming languages such as Python, R, Java and C++ to successfully build models.
Understanding algorithms and frameworks: In-depth knowledge on machine learning algorithms like linear regression, KNN, Naive Bayes and Support Vector Machine helps implement AI models. For unstructured data, understanding deep learning algorithms viz. convolutional neural network, recurrent neural network and generative adversarial network is advisable. Common frameworks used by AI engineers include PyTorch, Theano, TensorFlow and Caffe. Thorough understanding of these algorithms and frameworks make AI simpler to decode and learn.
Master of advanced mathematics: A mathematical bent of mind can learn the nuances of AI quickly. Understanding of linear algebra, probability and statistics can help implement different AI models namely Hidden Markov models, Gaussian mixture models, Naive Bayes as well as linear discriminant analysis.
Expertise in communication and troubleshooting: Although these are skills required for almost all jobs today, communication is a must-have since AI engineers often have to pitch their ideas to stakeholders. The role might even involve detailed presentations to be given to the senior management. Excellent problem-solving skills are also a requisite.
Working with Spark and big data technologies: Since this job involves large volumes of data, AI engineers have to be conversant about Spark and other big data technologies. Hadoop, Cassandra and MongoDB are some domains that the engineer has to master.

We are a centre of excellence

The NAAC-accredited and MAKAUT-affiliated OmDayal Group of Institutions is responsible for churning out skilled engineers with a zeal for creativity and innovation. As the leading engineering college in West Bengal, the industry-centric engineering courses offered by us include:

Civil Engineering
Electrical Engineering
Mechanical Engineering
Computer Science and Engineering

For more information, visit www.omdayal.com

A global trend in the wide domain of architecture is ‘sustainable architecture’. What exactly does it refer to? This genre seeks to minimize the negative environmental impact of buildings by efficiency and moderation in the use of materials, energy, development space and the ecosystem at large.

In the year 1987, the United Nations commissioned The Brundtland Report – ‘Our Common Future’ that described sustainable development as ‘one that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs’. Today, decades later, this definition stands more than relevant against the context of climate change and the drive to protect our Mother Earth. For example, builders worldwide have today reimagined workspaces using natural lights, shifted garden spaces to vertical garden walls and committed themselves to save water through the process of recycling.

Hugely relevant today

Although the concept of green buildings was introduced in the early 1970s to essentially combat rising petroleum prices, sustainable architecture as we understand it today, involves every aspect of the lifecycle of the buildings such as design, construction, operations, maintenance and renovation, including the end-of-life stage when the materials can be retrieved and recycled. It even entails the conservation of the immediate environment around the building site. While being functional and aesthetically superior, eco-friendly forms of architecture such as green buildings also have to be constructed with the singular mindset of achieving energy and resource efficiency.

Benefits galore

Let us enlist some of the futuristic advantages offered by sustainable architecture:

Conservation of the environment: A healthier environment is carved for the future with the employment of non-toxic paints, thinners and all-natural building materials. High performance construction is prioritized with low maintenance and long-term durability, thereby ensuring conservation of the immediate surroundings.
Reduction in energy consumption: The shift to renewable energy systems, energy-efficient equipment, water-saving methods, rainwater harvesting and using natural lighting systems takes projects closer to their ‘Net Zero energy’ as well as low carbon footprint goals.
Better quality of living: The art of renovation, rehabilitation and constant adaptive re-use, building with local and organic materials, smart energy-saving technologies, resilient buildings built to withstand floods and storms, and invisible buildings designed to seamlessly blend with the natural landscape all go a long way in bolstering the overall standard of living.
Improvement of productivity in dwellers: Ongoing research states that employees or dwellers who work or live in green buildings have exhibited greater productivity. As a case study, after implementing green building features at Sherwin-Williams’ Centro-America headquarters in El Salvador, the company saw a 68% reduction in reported respiratory problems and a 64% reduction in reported allergy problems vis-a-vis their own workforce. “Additionally, since moving to the new building, employee absenteeism has reduced by 44%, and Sherwin-Williams has calculated a total annual saving of $85,000 annually.

Our institute has an eye on the future

As a leading engineering college in West Bengal, the NAAC-accredited and MAKAUT – affiliated OmDayal Group of Institutions has an impeccable track record of churning out young architects possessing a zeal for creativity and innovation. The industry-centric B.Arch course encourages the students to innovate and create projects that are compliant to all the modern and internationally-acclaimed architectural regulations and standards.

Bearing in mind the competitive market and the demands of sustainable architecture both in India and abroad, our college is reputed for continuously upgrading its teaching and learning curriculum in sync with global standards, to empower each and every student with a competitive edge as new-age technology professionals. Our facilities like flexible timings and partnership with National Small Industries Corporation (NSIC) to provide on-job training and excellent placement opportunities have helped our students greatly in their successful career pursuits to emerge as top-notch architects in the future.

For more information, visit www.omdayal.com

What is common between Indian entrepreneurs Sachin Bansal (Flipkart), Bhavish Aggarwal (Ola), Vijay Shekhar Sharma (Paytm), Deepinder Goyal (Zomato) and RichaKar (Zivame)? They are all engineer-turned-entrepreneurs who have done exceptionally well to earn global recognition for themselves. Ditto is the case with world-famous international businessmen like Bill Gates, Michael Bloomberg and Carlos Slim (who started their career as engineers). In fact, an interesting fact-file was provided by a recent survey of start-ups in India: 33% of entrepreneurs in the country have the backing of an engineering degree. So what are the plus points that engineers enjoy when they don the hat of entrepreneurs?

Advantage of Engineers

Analytical problem-solving skills: First and foremost, engineers bring to the table specific skill-sets that have been honed over years while managing projects and solving work-related problems. As problem solvers, they are equipped with the training and bandwidth to understand a wide array of possible solutions to any problem and coming up with the best solution.
Mathematical bent of mind: Since they are mathematically-inclined, foraying into the word of entrepreneurship is easier for them. It provides them with a better insight into the profitable viability of any innovation. Already being aware of important elements of number crunching, understanding the nuances to ensure profits in business are way simpler for them.
Team players: Since they always work as part of teams in projects as engineers, they are very aware of the important facets of team building such as co-operation, camaraderie, motivating others and effective delegation of work. After all, a strong and competent team is the hallmark of any successful organization.
Excellent planners: Their career-orientation in the realm of engineering makes them astute planners, thereby arming them with a strong head-start in the world of entrepreneurship. They are well-equipped with the nuances of the key elements of planning, namely market research, financial projections as well as the development of insightful business plans and strategies.
Strong technical knowhow: Technology dominating every aspect of our work lives now provides engineers with the advantage as they are truly ahead when it comes to technical expertise. Their in-depth understanding of any product development makes them great leaders!
Constant self-evaluating: Proficient engineers constantly examine their projects or prototypes in order to offer better solutions. This whole mindset of continually evaluating their own performance as well as their company on the whole gives them the edge as entrepreneurs.

Chance to work on future technology: Engineering students get an opportunity to work on some of the latest technology like ‘Internet of things’, artificial Intelligence, drone technology, robotics, 3D printing, machine learning, cyber security, augmented/virtual reality, smart structure.

We facilitate promising youngsters to realize their dreams in engineering

As a leading engineering college in West Bengal, the NAAC-accredited and MAKAUT-affiliated OmDayal Group of Institutionsis responsible for churning out young engineers possessing a zeal for creativity and innovation. The industry-centric engineering courses offered by us include:

Civil Engineering
Electrical Engineering
Mechanical Engineering
Computer Science and Engineering

Bearing in mind the ever-changing technical skills required for engineering jobs both in India and abroad, our college is reputed for continuously upgrading its teaching and learning curriculum in sync with global standards, to empower each and every student with a competitive edge as new-age technology professionals. Our facilities like flexible timings and partnership with National Small Industries Corporation (NSIC) to provide on-job training and excellent placement opportunities have helped our students greatly in their successful career pursuits to emerge as top-quality engineers.

For more information, visit www.omdayal.com

Gone are the days when degrees in medicine and engineering were considered to be the only options for a successful future. Today, students are opting for more conventional courses and specializations and architecture has emerged as one of the more popular and lucrative career choices. Many bright young minds, displaying a flair for technology, science and creativity, are opting for this profession, with the vision to make significant contributions towards the society through sustainable constructions, energy efficient buildings and strategic city planning.

Why is it such a popular career choice?

According to experts in the industry, studying architecture provides students with ‘the opportunity to utilize education and expertise to contribute to the culture and narrative of any era’. Other highlights this career promises to provide include:

A sea of opportunities: Architecture as a discipline provides several potential career paths. Young professionals have the opportunity to pursue various specializations such as residential/ commercial architecture, landscape design, conservation and restoration architecture, urban planning, technical architecture and sustainable industrial design. The prospects are infinite, simultaneously facilitating the professionals to hone new skills along the journey.
Conversion of art to reality: Every profession yields a sense of satisfaction and the unique profession of architectures creates a visible and tangible landmark for the world to see and appreciate. For example, a life-changing building of your dreams comes true as you execute it with design, precision and exactness of mathematics. Could anything be more fulfilling? For top architects, the profession is a calling and not a job!
Versatile profession: Architecture is a versatile profession and allows one to be both creative and analytical in their approach. An architect with an analytical bent of mind may leverage his mathematical skills and specialize in calculations, geometry, floor plans etc. On the other hand, architects who lean towards art can unleash their creativity through drawings, sketches, and design.
Improving the overall quality of life: Architects are instrumental in bringing about dynamic lifestyle changes around the globe. With the concept of green living taking worldwide importance, the profession has become even more dynamic and challenging today. If you are someone who believes in rehabilitation and upkeep of the earth – this is your chance to make a difference!
High income potential: Architecture is among the highest paying skill-based professions. Young architects, with the right guidance and job opportunities can have a greater earning potential in with consistent growth in their career experience.

The growing demand for architects in India

In sync with the global demand, India too has a need for top-notch architects today for both government and private projects. The government-controlled Indian Brand Equity Foundation (IBEF) indicates that by 2040, the real estate industry will experience a staggering growth, touching Rs 65,000 crore from Rs 12,000 crore that was recorded in 2019. A continually growing population and perpetual need for the basic amenities promises to provide limitless opportunities to pursuing architecture as a career prospect. As the demand for buildings will never recede, architects will continue to explore the beauty of their architectural marvels.

Recent trends indicate that architects nowadays are not only working in conventional projects but are also heavily involved in urban planning, furniture design and even disaster relief. There are new-age muralists, landscape architects, restoration architects, and they constitute the most in-demand career avenues that aspiring architects are choosing to pursue!

The OmDayal Group of Institutions: Revolutionizing education

Since its inception in 2010, the NAAC-accredited and MAKAUT-affiliated OmDayal Group of Institutions has emerged as one of the leading architecture colleges in West Bengal. Also offering industry-centric courses in Engineering, our college is reputed for continuously upgrading its teaching and learning curriculum in sync with global standards, to empower each and every student with a competitive edge as new-age technology professionals. A strong management, experienced faculty and a robust learning environment are some of the other hallmarks responsible for the stupendous success enjoyed by our institute. We also offer flexible timings and partner with National Small Industries Corporation (NSIC) to provide on-job training and excellent placement opportunities for our students.

B.Arch course, with a difference!

With a world-class infrastructure, our B.Arch course in Architecture that was introduced in 2012, has been honing top-notch graduates in the subject. The course is aimed to take the education of architecture beyond the realms of buildings and propel it into developing a sustainable future. We imbibe in our students that architecture today is concerned with fundamental issues of users, cities and societies and not just materials, processes and aesthetics. Our students are trained to question the presupposed and seek novel and contemporary solutions in line with the modern tenets of architecture.

For more information, visit www.omdayal.com